BCJ建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

山湖公園游樂場坐落在舊金山里士滿地區(qū)（San Francisco’s Richmond District） 一 排 愛德華時(shí)代住宅的后面，棲身于一片成熟的常綠樹林中，向著普雷西迪奧國家公園（Presidio National Park）南緣的山湖岸邊緩緩傾斜。新的設(shè)計(jì)與場地自然環(huán)境融合，仿佛游樂場一直存在于此，作為這個(gè)地方和舊金山的一部分。

1 游樂場平面圖Playground Plan

經(jīng)過修復(fù)的游樂場充分利用場地的地形優(yōu)勢，在臺地上根據(jù)年齡和游戲能力組織獨(dú)立的游戲區(qū)，并通過一系列曲徑將各個(gè)游戲區(qū)進(jìn)行串聯(lián)，包括連接滑梯頂部，從而保證整個(gè)游樂場的可達(dá)性。游樂場的核心部分：一座沿著大型土丘堆砌而成的混凝土滑梯被保存下來，將重塑的游樂場與社區(qū)過去珍貴的場所記憶聯(lián)系在一起。在通往滑梯頂部的途中，一個(gè)觀景平臺坐落在鋼柱森林之上，喚起人們對于周圍公園樹木的回憶。站在景觀平臺上既可以俯瞰下面的學(xué)齡前兒童區(qū)域，還能遠(yuǎn)眺山湖的壯觀景色。同時(shí)，平臺上的圓孔也為站在平臺上下的使用者提供了互動交流的機(jī)會。

游樂場其他的設(shè)計(jì)元素充分考慮了該場地豐富的自然歷史。學(xué)齡前兒童區(qū)的“沙丘”代表曾經(jīng)遍布該地區(qū)的滾動沙丘；混凝土墻上的螺紋圖案是對山湖岸邊蘆葦?shù)某橄?；該地區(qū)原生鳥類和動物的痕跡會印刻在與學(xué)齡兒童區(qū)相鄰的墻面；包括青蛙和烏龜在內(nèi)的大型雕塑則象征著湖中的本土水生生物。這些場地特定的參照被大型木材游戲結(jié)構(gòu)所充實(shí)，給人以由周圍森林的原木制成的感覺。

游樂場的更新由當(dāng)?shù)?名母親所組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)動，并與舊金山娛樂設(shè)施和公園部門（San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department）合作。這3名婦女在得知游樂場的更新只有獲得社區(qū)倡導(dǎo)者的支持才能進(jìn)行之后，于2010年組成了一個(gè)“山湖公園游樂場之友”（FMLPP）的組織。通過該組織的初步努力，游樂場更新項(xiàng)目獲得了潔凈&安全鄰里公園債券（Clean & Safe Neighborhood Parks Bond）的資金支持，當(dāng)然也包含了該組織本身的大量捐贈。剩余資金主要來自社區(qū)的中小型捐贈，以及BCJ建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所（Bohlin Cywinski Jackson），魯斯科聯(lián)合景觀工作室（Lutsko Associates）和福爾摩斯結(jié)構(gòu)公司（Holmes Structures）的捐贈。

2 A-A剖面圖、 B-B剖面圖Section B-B、Section A-A

3 鳥瞰圖Aerial view

4～6 山湖公園游樂場Mountain Lake Park Playground

7 山湖公園游樂場Mountain Lake Park Playground

8 滑梯頂部的景觀視野View from the top of the slide

項(xiàng)目位置：加利福尼亞州舊金山

建成時(shí)間：2017年7月

客戶：山湖公園游樂場之友，舊金山公園聯(lián)盟，舊金山市縣政府

規(guī)模：22 000平方英尺（1平方英尺=0.092 903m2）

建筑師：BCJ建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：格雷戈里·莫托拉，F(xiàn)AIA（主要設(shè)計(jì)師），亞倫·戈麥斯，AIA（項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理），拉因·陳（團(tuán)隊(duì)成員），勞倫·羅斯（團(tuán)隊(duì)成員），丹尼爾·尤它（團(tuán)隊(duì)成員）

顧問團(tuán)隊(duì)：魯斯科聯(lián)合景觀工作室（景觀），福爾摩斯結(jié)構(gòu)公司（結(jié)構(gòu)工程師），利亞&布萊茲土木工程公司（土木工程師）

產(chǎn)品&制造商：游樂設(shè)施（里希特建筑游樂設(shè)施公司），現(xiàn)澆橡膠堆焊（羅伯遜娛樂設(shè)施表面處理公司），場地家具（麥格林場地家具公司）

攝影師：尼克·雷歐克斯

翻譯：劉心夢

校對：張希

9 具有歷史意義的混凝土滑梯Historic concrete slide

10 兒童游戲區(qū)Children’s play area

11 山湖公園游樂場Mountain Lake Park Playground

Tucked behind a row of Edwardian homes in San Francisco’s Richmond District, Mountain Lake Park Playground is nestled amidst mature evergreen trees and gently slopes down to the shore of Mountain Lake on the southern edge of Presidio National Park. The new design works seamlessly within this context, creating a feeling that the playground has always been there—specific to this place and this part of San Francisco.

The renovated playground takes advantage of the site’s topography, with separate play areas on terraces, organized according to age and play ability, threaded together by a series of meandering pathways that provide an accessible route throughout the playground, including to the top of the slide. The centerpiece of the playground—a treasured concrete slide that cascades down the side of a large earthen mound—has been preserved,anchoring the updated playground to the cherished memories of the community’s past. Midway on the journey to the top of the slide, an observation platform sits perched on a forest of steel columns,evocative of the trees in the surrounding park. The platform overlooks the preschool area below while facilitating expansive views of Mountain Lake.Apertures in the platform provide framed moments of intrigue for the users both above and below.

Additional design elements draw on the rich natural history of the site. “The sand dunes” of the preschool area represent the rolling sand dunes that once spread across the region; the ribbed pattern of the concrete walls is an abstraction of tulle reeds that line the shores of Mountain Lake;tracks of birds and animals native to the area imprint the surface of the wall that borders the school age area; while large sculptures, including a frog and turtle, acknowledge the native aquatic life in the lake. These site-specific references are enriched by large timber play structures, giving the impression that they were fashioned from logs of the surrounding forests.

The effort to renovate the playground was spearheaded by a group of three local mothers,in partnership with the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department. The three women formed the “Friends of Mountain Lake Park Playground” (FMLPP) in 2010, after they learned a renovation could only happen with the support of community advocates. The project was earmarked to receive funding through the Clean &Safe Neighborhood Parks Bond because of FMLPP’s initial efforts, which also included a substantial donation from the group itself. Remaining funds were raised mainly through small-and medium-sized donations from the community,as well as donated services from Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, Lutsko Associates,and Holmes Structures.

12～14 兒童游戲區(qū)Children’s play area

Location:San Francisco, California

Completion Time: July, 2017

Client(s):Friends of Mountain Lake Park Playground, San Francisco Parks Alliance, City and County of San Francisco

Size:22 000 SF (site)

Architect:Bohlin Cywinski Jackson

Design Team:Gregory Mottola, FAIA(Principal), Aaron Gomez, AIA(Project Manager), Laing Chung(Team Member), Lauren Ross(Team Member), Daniel Yoder(Team Member)

Consultant Team:Lutsko Associates(Landscape), Holmes Structures(Structural Engineer),Lea & Braze Engineering(Civil Engineer)

Products & Manufacturers:Play Equipment (Richter Spielger?te GmbH with Architectural Playground Equipment), Poured-In-Place Rubber Surfacing(Robertson Recreational Surfaces), Site Furnishings(Maglin Site Furniture)

Photographer:Nic Lehoux

Translator:LIU Xinmeng

Proofreader:ZHANG Xi