岳晉軍, 張文燕, 袁金玲
(中國林業(yè)科學研究院亞熱帶林業(yè)研究所,浙江 杭州 311400)
Bambusawenchouensis(Wen) Q. H. Dai f.striataJ. J. Yue et J. L. Yuan, f. nov.
A typo differs fromBambusawenchouensisin its basal internodes with yellow longitudinally stripes.
China, Zhejiang(浙江): Wenzhou(溫州), Gonghou Village (貢后村), 2017-09-15, low altitude, J. J. Yue,J. L. Yuan, 170915 [holotype, RISF, CAF (中國林業(yè)科學研究院亞熱帶林業(yè)研究所標本室)].
不同于大木竹在于其稈基部的節(jié)間在具芽或具分枝的一側(cè)具黃色縱條紋。
本變型稈色特異,可供觀賞。
Yushaniabasihirsuta(McClure) Z. P. Wang et G. H. Ye in J. Nanjing Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed. (1): 92-93. 1981. ——IndocalamusbasihirsutusMcClure in Sunyatsenia 6: 35, 1941.——Sinarundinariabasihirsuta(McClure) C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao in Acta Phytotax. Sin., 18(1):22, 1980 ——YushanialongipilosaT. H. Wen et S. C. Chen in J.Bamboo Res., 4(2):13-15, 1985
產(chǎn)于湖南和廣東,模式標本采自廣東[1-3]。
浙江:遂昌九龍山,生于海拔1 500 m的疏林下或空曠地。浙江分布新記錄。
標本:浙江(Zhejiang),遂昌(Suichang),九龍山(Jiulongshan),2017-05-11,Alt. 1 500 m, 岳晉軍,袁金玲,170511(RISF, CAF)。圖1A。
Pseudosasapallidiflora(McClure) S. L. Chen et G. Y. Sheng in Bull. Bot. Res., 11(4): 44, 1991. ——IndocalamuspallidiflorusMcClure in Lingn. Univ. Sci. Bull., 9: 26-27, 1940.
分布于廣東,模式標本采自廣東南昆山[4-5]。
浙江:慶元百山祖,生于山腳及溝谷空曠地或疏林下。浙江分布新記錄。
標本:浙江(Zhejiang),慶元(Qingyuan),百山祖(Baishanzu),2016-05-16,Alt. 700 m,張文燕,岳晉軍,160516(RISF, CAF)。圖1B。
IndocalamuscordatusT. H. Wen et Y. Zou in J.Bamboo Res., 10(1): 19-20, 1991.
產(chǎn)于江西都昌,模式標本采自江西都昌[6]。
浙江:富陽湖源,生于山腳溝溪邊或疏林下。浙江分布新記錄。
標本:浙江(Zhejiang),富陽(Fuyang),湖源(Huyuan),low altitude, 2016-06-21,張文燕、馬乃訓,160621(RISF, CAF)。圖1C。
SemiarundinariasinicaT. H. Wen in J.Bamboo Res., 8(1): 13-15, 1989.
產(chǎn)于江蘇,模式標本采自杭州[7]。
浙江:富陽沈家塢,生于山坡下空曠地。浙江分布新記錄。
標本:浙江(Zhejiang),富陽(Fuyang),沈家塢(Shenjiawu),low altitude, 2017-05-25,張文燕、馬乃訓,170525(RISF, CAF)。圖1D。
Acidosasalongiligulata(T. H. Wen) C. S. Chao et C. D. Chu in Acta Phytotax. Sin., 29(6):524, 1991. ——IndosasalongiligulaT. H. Wen in Journ. Bamb. Res, 2(1): 68, 1983. ——AcidosasafujianensisC. S. Chao et H.Y. Zhou in J. Nanjing For. Univ., Nat. Sci. Ed., (3): 88, 1984.
產(chǎn)于福建安溪、南平等地,模式標本采自福建安溪感德[8-10]。
浙江:景寧北溪鄉(xiāng),生于山坡中、下部低灌叢或疏林下。浙江分布新記錄。
標本:浙江(Zhejiang),景寧(Jingning),北溪(Beixi),low altitude, 2016-04-27,岳晉軍、張文燕,160427(RISF, CAF)。圖1E。
A: 毛玉山竹 Yushania basihirsuta; B: 少花茶竿竹Pseudosasa pallidiflora; C: 都昌箬竹Indocalamus cordatus; D: 中華業(yè)平竹 Semiarundinaria sinica; E: 福建酸竹Acidosasa longiligulata; F: 爛頭苦竹Pleioblastus ovatoauritus.圖1 浙江省竹類新植物Fig.1 New records of bambusoideae (Poaceae) in Zhejiang Province
PleioblastusovatoauritusWen ex W. Y. Zhang, sp. nov.
Culms 6-7 m, 1-3 cm in diameters, internodes 30-45 cm, nodal ridge raised, more prominent than sheath scar, sheath scar narrowly corky, culm intranodes 4-6 mm. Young culms dark green, initially densely with waxy powder and light deciduous hairs, becoming glabrous, white powdery ring evident below nodes, old culms yellow-green to brown-red.
Culm sheaths green-yellow turning to yellow-brown, leathery, brittle, rigid; apex long-triangular, margins ciliate, abaxially small brown spotted, middle and base part oily-glossy, base without hairy ring. Auricles semilunar, slanted upward from both sides of sheath, oral setae light-coloured, radiate, ca. 1 cm (shorter in base culms). Ligule white, asymmetrically truncate or middle convex, 2-3 mm or 4-5 mm. Sheath blades green-purple, narrowly lanceolate to belt-shaped, abaxially and adaxially ciliate, base ca. 1/2 width of sheath apex, reflexed. Branches (1) 5 to 7 per node, base appressed to culm, distally spreading outward,subequal. Leaves 2-4 per ultimate branch, sheath with finely longitudinal ribs; auricles inconspicuous or small, oral setae several or absent; ligule truncate, ca. 2 mm, white powdery; Leaf blades oblong-lanceolate, (20-25)cm×2.5-3.2 cm, abaxially hairy, densely so near the midrib, secondary veins 5- to 7-paired.
This species is similar toPleioblastusmaculatusin shoot shape, especially in culm sheath colour, but differs in its not setose ring in the base of culm sheath.
It is the relatively large-sized species in the genus, young shoots are bitter and edible after treated, and the shoots can be eat freshly or after processed into cans or dried shoots. The large-sized and tough culms are used for paper when young, and for tool handles and shack poles when old.
Known from Fuyang District (富陽區(qū)), Hangzhou City (杭州); and Anji County (安吉) in Zhejiang, China. The type specimen was collected from Fuyang, 2016-5-21, W. Y. Zhang, N. X. Ma, 160043 (holotypus, RISF, CAF; isotypi, Anji Bamb Gard).
稈高6~7 m,直徑1~3 cm,節(jié)間長30~45 cm,稈環(huán)隆起,高于籜環(huán),籜環(huán)具狹木栓質(zhì),節(jié)內(nèi)寬4~6 mm。新稈暗綠色,密被蠟質(zhì)白粉和脫落性淡色毛,后變無毛,節(jié)下白粉環(huán)明顯;老稈黃綠色至褐紅色。
籜鞘綠黃色轉(zhuǎn)黃褐色,革質(zhì),硬脆;先端長三角形,邊緣具纖毛,背部具細褐色斑點,中下部有油光澤,基部無毛環(huán)?;X耳半月狀,在鞘二側(cè)斜上舉,繸毛淡色,放射狀,長約1 cm(基部的弱)?;X舌白色斜截平或中部隆起,高約2~3 mm或4~5 mm。籜葉綠紫色,狹披針形至帶形,2面具毛,基部寬約為鞘頂寬的1/2左右,反轉(zhuǎn)。分枝每節(jié)(1)5~7枚,基部貼稈,上部開展,大小相若。末節(jié)小枝具2~4葉,葉鞘具細縱肋紋,葉耳不明顯或小,繸毛少數(shù)或無;葉舌高約2 mm,先端平截,具白粉;葉片長圓狀披針形,長20~25 cm,寬2.5~3.2 cm,下表面具毛,尤以中脈處明顯;側(cè)脈5~7對。圖1F。
本種形態(tài),尤其是籜鞘顏色與斑苦竹(Pl.maculatus)十分相像,但本種籜鞘基部無毛環(huán)圈明顯有別。
爛頭苦竹是大明竹屬中個兒較大的竹種,筍味苦,需經(jīng)處理苦味后方可食用。可鮮食,也可加工罐頭,或加工筍干。其稈較粗,質(zhì)堅,嫩竹可制槳造紙,老竹可作柄稈、搭棚架等用。