建筑設(shè)計(jì)：坂茂建筑設(shè)計(jì)

在2011年3月11日海嘯摧毀了老車(chē)站之后，離原址大約150m的靠近內(nèi)陸的位置新建了一座車(chē)站。這座三層的建筑一層是車(chē)站、零售店和候車(chē)區(qū)，二層是市內(nèi)溫泉浴室，三層是觀景臺(tái)。作為對(duì)重建受災(zāi)區(qū)的關(guān)心和祝福的象征，屋頂?shù)男蜗蟊辉O(shè)計(jì)為向著光明的未來(lái)展翅高飛的鳥(niǎo)兒?！酰ㄉ袝x 譯）

This new station building is built approximately 150m inland from the old station building which was destroyed by the tsunami on March 11th,2011. The 3-storey station building will consist of the station, retail shops, and waiting areas on the 1st floor, a municipal hot spring facility on the 2nd floor, and a viewing deck on the 3rd floor. As a symbol of our thoughts and prayers towards the rebuilding efforts of this disaster-stricken area,the design of the roof is based on an image of a bird with its wings spread soaring towards a bright future.□

1 外景/Exterior view

2 夜景/Night view

3 軸測(cè)圖/Axonometric

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: 坂茂/Shigeru Ban

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structure Engineer: 星野建筑構(gòu)造設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所/Hoshino Architect & Engineer

機(jī)電工程/Mechanical Engineer: 知久設(shè)備計(jì)劃研究所/Chiku Engineering Consultants

承建商/General Contractor: 戶田建設(shè)/Toda Corporation

占地面積/Building Area: 599.91m2

總建筑面積/Total Floor Area: 899.51m2

施工時(shí)間/Construction Date: 2014.04 – 2015.02

攝影/Photos: 平井廣行/Hiroyuki Hirai

4-6 內(nèi)景/Interior views

7 剖面/Section

1-瞭望臺(tái)/Viewing deck

2-休息區(qū)/Breakroom

3-衛(wèi)生間/WC

4-倉(cāng)庫(kù)/Storage

5-更衣室/Changing room

6-浴室/Bathing place

7-家庭浴室/Family bathroom

8-陳列室/Gallery

9-交流空間/Communication space

10-衛(wèi)生間/WC

11-機(jī)械室/Mechanical room

8 三層平面/2nd floor plan

1-瞭望臺(tái)/Viewing deck

9 二層平面/1st floor plan

1-休息區(qū)/Breakroom

2-衛(wèi)生間/WC

3-更衣室/Changing room

4-浴室/Bathing place

10 首層平面/Ground floor plan

1-會(huì)議室/Meeting room

2-家庭浴室/Family bathroom

3-陳列室/Gallery

4-辦公室/Office

5-浴池入口/Entrance of baths

6-交流空間/Communication space 7-車(chē)站辦公室/Station office

8-機(jī)械室/Mechanical room

9-足浴/Footbath

10-衛(wèi)生間/WC

評(píng)論

王江燕：女川站是日本國(guó)有鐵路（JR）公司的位于宮城縣女田町的臨近海邊的火車(chē)站。舊的一層木結(jié)構(gòu)車(chē)站在2011年3月11日東日本大地震引發(fā)的大海嘯被催毀，新車(chē)站距原址約200m，是鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的三層建筑，于2015年3月21日重新開(kāi)放。車(chē)站建筑設(shè)計(jì)由坂茂建筑設(shè)計(jì)承擔(dān)。站體設(shè)計(jì)采用明快的木色調(diào)，夜晚有明亮的照明，在白天和夜晚都非常醒目。盡管它是一座端頭式的、只有一座容納4車(chē)廂的側(cè)式站臺(tái)的小車(chē)站，但設(shè)計(jì)精良，并充分利用車(chē)站空間，綜合布局站前廣場(chǎng)、站內(nèi)的客運(yùn)、觀景平臺(tái)和溫泉浴場(chǎng)功能，成為地區(qū)的一個(gè)熱鬧的、具有多功能和建筑魅力的場(chǎng)所。這種精益求精、綜合利用和具有特色的建筑設(shè)計(jì)值得我們借鑒。

市川纮司：2011年3月11日的東日本大地震后，日本許多建筑家參與到震后的復(fù)興建設(shè)中，其中在阪神淡路大地震和汶川地震等受災(zāi)地有過(guò)豐富設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的坂茂的實(shí)踐尤其引人注目。從提供避難所的隔斷開(kāi)始，坂茂快速并持續(xù)不斷地設(shè)計(jì)和建造了許多臨時(shí)住宅和交流設(shè)施等。JR女川站可以看作是那一系列復(fù)興建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的一部分。該建筑中車(chē)站和浴池被復(fù)合在一起，是建筑師與受災(zāi)群眾持續(xù)不斷交流的結(jié)果。網(wǎng)格狀木屋頂和膜屋頂組成了雙層屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)，創(chuàng)造了明亮的室內(nèi)空間，同時(shí)也產(chǎn)生了輕盈且堅(jiān)定有力的對(duì)復(fù)興的象征意味。在坂茂的作品中，這種帶有造型感的曲面屋頂應(yīng)該可以與他的蓬皮杜梅斯中心歸為一類(lèi)。另外，首層陳列室的天花運(yùn)用了坂茂一直以來(lái)在賑災(zāi)復(fù)興建筑中常用的紙管設(shè)計(jì)。

Comments

WANG Jiangyan: The Onagawa Station is a railway station of Japan Railway (JR) Company near the seaside in Onagawa, Miyagi County. The old one-storey wooden structured station was destroyed in the tsunami triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March, 2011.The new station, a steel structured three-storey building, is about 200 metres away from the old site and was reopened on 21 March, 2015.The architectural design of the station was undertaken by Shigeru Ban Architects. The station building was designed with light wooden colour and bright lighting at night, so it is very striking both in the day and at night. Although it is a small end station with only one side platform that holds 4 carriages, it was excellently designed,and made full use of the station space, comprehensively arranging the functions of square in front of the station,the passenger transport inside the station, the viewing platform and the spa pool, into a lively, multifunctional place with architectural attractiveness. This kind of architectural design with high quality, comprehensive utilisation and characteristic should be an example for us all. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

Ichikawa Koji: In the aftermath of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, many Japanese architects have been involved in the reconstruction efforts. Shigeru Ban is particularly experienced with such work, because he was already involved in rebuilding after the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake in Japan and the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China. For the disaster areas, Shigeru Ban designed and constructed partition walls for relief shelters,as well as temporary housing and transport facilities. JR Onagawa Station is part of a larger reconstruction project.The architect has listened to the needs of the local people,for example by integrating a public bath into the station building. The station roof consists of two layers: a wooden lattice frame underneath, and a white membrane roof on top. This solution makes possible a very bright interior space. The lightness of the membrane and the hardness of the wood symbolise grace and strength, mental qualities required of this disaster-struck community on their journey back to normality. The unique roof structure resembles Shigeru Ban's other work – for example Centre Pompidou-Metz in France. Ban has also made use of cardboard tubes for the construction of the ground floor ceiling - a material he has employed many times before when reconstructing in disaster areas.(Translated by ZHANG Xin)

11 從休息區(qū)看向浴室/View from breakroom to bathroom

12 浴室入口/Entrance of bathroom

13 浴室內(nèi)景/Interior view, bathroom