陳志宇, 張玉玲, 司超群, 初文磊, 陳在星, 馮凱婕

(吉林大學(xué) 環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院, 水資源與環(huán)境研究所, 長(zhǎng)春 130021)

1 實(shí) 驗(yàn)

1.1 儀器、 材料和試劑 722型紫外可見(jiàn)光分光光度計(jì)(上海洪紀(jì)儀器設(shè)備有限公司)； SPX-250-D型全溫振蕩培養(yǎng)箱(上海博迅實(shí)業(yè)有限公司). 火山渣采自東北地區(qū)某廠火山巖礦區(qū), 經(jīng)自然風(fēng)干、 去雜質(zhì)后, 過(guò)0.5～2 mm篩備用. 所用Na2SO4,CaCl2,MgCl2,NaCl,NaNO3,HCl,NaOH等無(wú)機(jī)試劑均為國(guó)產(chǎn)分析純?cè)噭?

1.4 影響因素實(shí)驗(yàn)

2 結(jié)果與討論

圖1 吸附量與時(shí)間的關(guān)系Fig.1 Relationship between adsorption amount and time

對(duì)吸附過(guò)程進(jìn)行上述兩種吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)方程擬合, 結(jié)果如圖2所示. 由圖2可見(jiàn), 準(zhǔn)二級(jí)擬合方程R2=0.987 5, 擬合效果更好, 吸附過(guò)程符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型. 表明吸附過(guò)程受化學(xué)吸附機(jī)理控制, 涉及吸附劑與吸附質(zhì)之間的電子共用或電子轉(zhuǎn)移.

圖2 吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)的擬合結(jié)果Fig.2 Fitting results of adsorption kinetics

圖3 不同初始質(zhì)量濃度吸附量與時(shí)間的關(guān)系Fig.3 Relationship between adsorption amount and time of different initial mass concentrations

圖4 pH值與吸附量的關(guān)系Fig.4 Relationship between pH and adsorption amount

圖5 不同水化學(xué)離子對(duì)火山渣吸附的影響Fig.5 Effects of different hydrochemical ions on adsorption of S by scoria

綜上, 本文可得如下結(jié)論：

3) 火山渣可有效去除低溫水體中的硫酸鹽, 是經(jīng)濟(jì)、 有效、 生態(tài)安全型的天然硅酸鹽礦物材料.

[1] 世界衛(wèi)生組織. 飲用水水質(zhì)準(zhǔn)則 [M]. 4版. 上海： 上海交通大學(xué)出版社, 2011： 171. (World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality [M]. 4th ed. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University Press, 2011: 171.)

[2] 中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)檢疫總局. 地下水質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T14848-93 [S]. 北京： 中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出版社, 1993. (General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Quality Standard for Ground Water GB/T14848-93 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1993.)

[3] 中華人民共和國(guó)衛(wèi)生部. 生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB5749-2006 [S]. 北京： 中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出版社, 2006. (National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Standards for Drinking Water Quality GB5749-2006 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2006.)

[4] 胡明成. 硫酸鹽的環(huán)境危害及含硫酸鹽廢水處理技術(shù) [J]. 成都大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版), 2012, 31(2): 181-184. (HU Mingcheng. Environmental Hazards by Sulfate and Treatment Method of Waste Water Containing Sulfate [J]. Journal of Chengdu University (Natural Science Edition), 2012, 31(2): 181-184.)

[5] 曹曉磊, 盛宇星. 生物法處理含硫酸鹽重金屬?gòu)U水的研究進(jìn)展 [J]. 環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù), 2015, 38(12Q): 181-185. (CAO Xiaolei, SHENG Yuxing. Recent Advances in Research of Treating Sulfate, Heavy Metals-Containing Wastewater by Anaerobic Bio-treatment Method [J]. Environment Science & Technology, 2015, 38(12Q): 181-185.)

[8] 姜艷. 高硫酸鹽礦井水處理研究 [J]. 環(huán)境工程, 2011, 29: 111-113. (JIANG Yan. Study on the Disposal of Higher Sulfate Mineral Water [J]. Environmental Engineering, 2011, 29: 111-113.)

[9] 王愛(ài)杰, 王麗燕, 任南琪, 等. 硫酸鹽廢水生物處理工藝研究進(jìn)展 [J]. 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2004, 36(11)： 1446-1449. (WANG Aijie, WANG Liyan, REN Nanqi, et al. Bio-treatment of Sulfate-Laden Wastewater [J]. Journal of Harbin Institute Technology, 2004, 36(11)： 1446-1449.)

[10] 高娃, 董欣, 鄭永章. 內(nèi)蒙古錫盟地區(qū)火山渣及火山渣混凝土材料的性能初報(bào) [J]. 河北科技師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào), 2007, 21(4): 46-49. (GAO Wa, DONG Xin, ZHENG Yongzhang. An Experimental Study on the Properties of Trass and Trass Concrete in Ximeng Area of Inner Mongolia [J]. Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, 2007, 21(4): 46-49.)

[11] 楊福珍, 黃清友, 張建棟. 火山渣在路基工程中的應(yīng)用 [J]. 內(nèi)蒙古公路與運(yùn)輸, 2006(4)： 24-27. (YANG Fuzhen, HUANG Qingyou, ZHANG Jiandong. Application of Volcanic Scoria to the Subgrade Engineering [J]. Highways & Transportation in Inner Mongolia, 2006(4)： 24-27.)

[12] ZHANG Shengyu, ZHANG Yuling, SU Xiaosi, et al.InsituRemediation of Petroleum Contaminated Groundwater by Permeable Reactive Barrier with Hydrothermal Palygorskite as Medium [J]. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities, 2013, 29(1)： 37-41.

[13] ZHANG Yuling, DONG Tianzi, SU Xiaosi, et al. Effect of High Fluoride Groundwater Purification by Lightweight Aggregate Scoria [J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016, 75(1): 10.

[14] ZHANG Shengyu, LU Ying, LIN Xueyu, et al. Removal of Fluoride from Groundwater by Adsorption onto La(Ⅲ)- Al(Ⅲ) Loaded Scoria Adsorbent [J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 303: 1-5.