建筑設(shè)計：方振寧

Architect: FANG Zhenning

方宅，北京，中國
FANG HOUSE, Beijing, China, 2017

建筑設(shè)計：方振寧

Architect: FANG Zhenning

我的新工作室方宅位于北京東五環(huán)外一個新的文化區(qū)內(nèi)，面積170m2左右。地面層為110m2，層高為7m，現(xiàn)隔為兩層使用。這是一個10m見方、高7m的準立方體空間，考慮到辦公主要在一層，二層只是私密功能，所以一層的層高略高于二層。

這個工作室實際上是一個以策展為主、在藝術(shù)和建筑的領(lǐng)域進行獨立研究和設(shè)計出版、兼顧藝術(shù)和建筑策劃的具有綜合性功能的工作室，所以主要的空間應(yīng)該優(yōu)先考慮辦公功能和資料室。一樓主要用于辦公和儲物，附帶衛(wèi)生間和茶水間。在平面圖上我們可以看到有四面可以使用，朝西的采光墻是落地的玻璃幕墻，沒有任何遮擋。和它相對應(yīng)的是用陽光板制作的推拉門隔墻，它用統(tǒng)一的滑軌推拉門把三間不同功能的空間屬性遮蔽了。二層2/3的空間用于安放書架，附屬功能有擺放了沙發(fā)的用于簡單休憩的休息間、衣物儲物間和衛(wèi)生間?；旧鲜且粋€小型圖書館，我的一些藝術(shù)和建筑的專題研究所需要的資料都來自這個私密的個人圖書收藏。

關(guān)于空間設(shè)計的定位問題。由于我一直從事極少主義藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)作，所以空間設(shè)計只是這種藝術(shù)的延長線。我希望空間有復(fù)合功能，具體地說就是空間需要兼?zhèn)湓娨庑浴⑼该餍?、流動性和曖昧性，兼顧到對非傳統(tǒng)建筑材料的使用，而這次設(shè)計的方宅最大的不同，是意在創(chuàng)造一個可以激發(fā)人的想象力和有助于生成創(chuàng)作靈感的空間。

手法／材料－外立面－色彩－照明－機關(guān)－樓梯－扶手

租用這個房子的最大問題，是開發(fā)商已經(jīng)在朝西的面做了整體落地的玻璃外墻。那么首先要解決防曬的問題，我不想用遮陽窗簾，于是用陽光板從里面整體覆蓋玻璃立面，在陽光板上開圓孔假裝為窗。而另一方面，波點一直是我喜歡的視覺元素，在這里用圓窗，有一種宇宙艙的感覺，這樣的設(shè)計是在日常設(shè)計中加進了未來感的元素。

建筑外觀金屬框上的桔紅色，是租房子時自帶的顏色，正好，這本來就是我常用的色彩。而室內(nèi)其它的工字鋼的柱子都涂裝為黑色，這種起著承重功能的柱子需要穩(wěn)定的色彩。

我發(fā)現(xiàn)如果把照明的光帶變成豎向的，也就是和陽光板的條紋紋理保持一個方向，就會形成非常悅目的效果。我承認，維特根斯坦之家的垂直性追求對我有潛移默化的作用。特別是我設(shè)計了與玻璃墻面的高度一致的垂直照明，它既強化了垂直向上的勢，又保持有一種儀式感。

所謂機關(guān)，就是在建筑設(shè)計中一些小的手段，以及不被人注意到的隱私設(shè)計。比如，在二樓的樓板中間有一個不大的正方形開口，通常是有一個蓋子蓋上，需要的時候可以打開它俯視一樓，我主要是想從這個方孔中拍攝一樓的風景，架設(shè)一臺定時攝像機，可以拍攝一部定時概念視頻作品。另一處隱私設(shè)計是一樓通向二樓樓梯口的門，設(shè)計成反向插門的暗鎖。我在樓板立面?zhèn)戎虚g對稱的位置上開一個孔，它既可以起到照明作用，又有導(dǎo)向作用。此外我一直想盡可能地弱化扶手的存在，但是又不能沒有扶手，所以我在樓梯的右側(cè)按行走方向開了一排孔，這樣在上下樓梯時，如果需要這些孔可以起到輔助功能。

關(guān)于入口

方宅是一個向空間至上主義致敬的設(shè)計。通常我們?yōu)榱藫踝∵M入者的視線，會在入口處設(shè)置一件屏風，那么有沒有可以代替通常的屏風也起到屏風作用的設(shè)計呢？以前我為尤倫斯當代藝術(shù)中心籌備處做室內(nèi)設(shè)計時，曾經(jīng)用一塊頂天立地的磨砂玻璃代替屏風，而這次設(shè)計不一樣，既然是空間至上主義，那么就要有至上主義的元素。于是，我在入口處設(shè)計了一個2m見方的黑色正方形，這個正方形的設(shè)計靈感來自馬列維奇的作品“黑色正方形”（1915年），這個黑色的正方形，最初誕生的時候就有著非凡的象征性。而在它后邊的一根黑色工字鋼柱子上安了一個黑色的圓，它來自“黑色的圓”（1923年），這也是至上主義的幾個元素之一，在空間中鑲?cè)肓诉@個神秘的黑色的圓，客觀上強化了至上主義的氛圍?！?/p>

1 外景/Exterior view

項目信息/Credits and Data

功能/Program: 辦公、居住/Studio, House

設(shè)計團隊/Project Team: 方振寧，毛甜甜/FANG Zhenning,MAO Tiantian

材料/Materials: 陽光板、鋼、多樂士墻面漆等/Light Board, Steal, Dulux Wall Paint, etc.

面積/Area: 170m2

造價/Cost: ￥170,000

設(shè)計時間/Design Period: 2017.07.01-2017.07.07

施工時間/Construction Period: 2017.07.07-2017.08.10

攝影/Photos: 方振寧/FANG Zhenning

2 夜景/Night view

5 立面/Elevation

3 首層平面/Ground fl oor plan

4 二層平面/1st fl oor plan

6 入口內(nèi)景/Interior view of the entrance

7 從室內(nèi)看向街道/View from the interior to the street

My new studio FANG HOUSE about 170 square metres is located in a new cultural area outside the East Fifth Ring of Beijing. The ground fl oor, which has been converted into two floors, is 110 square metres and seven metres in height. The whole building is a quasi-cubic space with 10 x 10m base and seven metres in height. Considering the first fl oor is used as the main oきce and the second fl oor is only for private function, the fi rst fl oor is slightly higher than the second fl oor.

FANG HOUSE is a multi-functional studio aiming at curatorial project and independent research, design and publishing in the field of art and architecture. Therefore, when designing the space, the oきce and the reference room are the fi rst priority. A large area in the fi rst fl oor is used as the office and storage space and it includes toilet and pantry. We can see from the floor plan that four west-facing, daylighting French window walls can be used without any blockage. Accordingly, there is a sliding door made of sunlight sheets, which separate three spaces with different functions by unified sliding mechanism. Two thirds of the second fl oors are reserved for bookshelves, along with the sofa area for work and leisure purpose, the cloakroom and the bathroom. Basically it is a small library in which personal collection of books and references for my research on art and architecture are stored.

8 剖面/Sections

In regard to the position of my space design work,it is actually an extension of my consistent practice for minimalism. I hope the space could embrace composite functions. To be specific, it should include aspects of poetry, transparency, liquidity, ambiguity and the usage of non-conventional construction materials.The biggest distinguishing feature of FANG HOUSE is its intension to create a space that stimulates people's imagination and nurtures creativity.

Technique/Material-Fa?ade-Colour-Lighting-Mechanic-Stair-Handrail

The biggest problem for renting this house is that the developer has already installed French window wall in the whole west side. So, the problem of strong sunlight entering the house should be solved. I do not want to use sunshade curtains so I installed sunlight sheets on the interior side of the glass wall. Some round holes were carved on the sunlight sheet to create windows. In addition, the dotted pattern has always been my favourite visual element. The space looks like a spaceship capsule with the round windows. This design adds some futurist element to the daily context.

I found that if I install the fluorescent vertically in parallel to the striped texture of the sunlight sheet, the space will look very pleasing. I acknowledge that I am unwittingly in fl uenced by the pursuit of the vertical elements in the Wittgenstein House. The vertical lighting I specially design is also highly consistent with the glass wall. Not only does it strengthen the vertical rising trend, but also maintains a sense of ritual.

9 剖面/Sections

The so-called mechanic is to have some small tricks and un-noticed hidden arrangement in the architecture.For example, I have opened a square in the middle of second floor and installed a lid so that we can open it up to look down at the fi rst fl oor when it is necessary.Mainly, I would like to set a time lapse video camera to shoot the scene of the fi rst fl oor from this square hole so that a conceptual video work could be produced.Another hidden design concept could be found at the door of the stair going from the fi rst to the second fl oor.There is a reverse door with hidden locks.

I have made a hole in the middle of the fa?ade,which will enhance the lighting as well as functions as a guide to the visitors. In addition, I have been working to weaken the existence of handrail. Yet, handrail is still necessary. So, I have made a series of holes on the right wall along the stairs. As a result, these holes could facilitate the passengers who use the stairs.

About the Entrance

10 剖面/Sections

The design of FANG HOUSE pays homage to the space Suprematism. It is a common practice to set a screen at the entrance so as to block the sight of the entering viewers. Here comes a question,are there any alternative ways to perform the same function other than screens? When I did the interior design for the Preparatory Office of the Ullens Center of Contemporary Art (UCCA), I had used an upstanding frosted glass to as the substitute of the screen. However, the design for FANG HOUSE should be different. Since it follows the principle of the Suprematism, it should have embodied some elements of it. At the entrance, I have built a black square (with two square metres) which was inspired by Kazimir Malevich's "Black Square" (Black Square, 1915). The Black Square was born with an extraordinary symbolic meaning. Behind it, there is a black "I beam" pillar with a black circle, which also came from the Kazimir Malevich's "Black Circle"(Black Circle, 1923). It is one of the significant elements of the Suprematism. By inserting this mysterious black circle into the space, it objectively strengthened the atmosphere of Suprematism.□

11 陽光板上的圓窗/Round hole on the sunlight sheets

12 內(nèi)景/Interior views

評論

王昀：紅色對開大門打開的瞬間，“方宅”引發(fā)了雙關(guān)的聯(lián)想：“方宅指方振寧宅”的含義被“黑方”所代替。室內(nèi)大面積的陽光板，以及被其柔化了的“點、線、面”發(fā)光體的不期呈現(xiàn)，空間整體呈現(xiàn)出“霧化”氛圍。朦朧中黑色的方、圓以及 “波點”孔洞，是方振寧于1990年代所創(chuàng)作的一系列極少主義藝術(shù)作品的空間化結(jié)果。藝術(shù)家生活在藝術(shù)家自己所設(shè)計的藝術(shù)世界里，會持續(xù)進行著怎樣的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作？“方宅”或成為一個可持續(xù)關(guān)注的裝置。

范路：在方宅的方形空間中，圓形要素成為建筑表達的重要主題。西立面陽光板上的圓孔，既是充滿未來感的窗，又是空間表面的波點圖案。大門上的圓形把手，是實體的“波點”，吸引人進入室內(nèi)。而黑色方形屏風后的“黑色的圓”，則是另一個實體“波點”。它回應(yīng)大門上的“波點”，但更像是“二門把手”，握住它便能進入另一個至上主義的世界。通往二層樓梯梯段上的采光孔和樓梯側(cè)墻扶手孔，既引導(dǎo)了人流，也確立了二層入口的儀式感，更暗示了二層空間向度與一層的不同。

13 內(nèi)景/Interior views

14 內(nèi)景/Interior views

15 空間激發(fā)了藝術(shù)家就此進行的表演/Performance inspired by the space

Comments

WANG Yun: The moment when the red two-leaf gate is opened, FANG HOUSE gives a punny association:the implication that "FANG HOUSE refers to FANG Zhenning's House" is replaced by "Black FANG". Large indoor solar panels, as well as unexpected appearance of "dotted, linear, and planar" luminous bodies that are softened by solar panels, bring a "foggy" atmosphere to the overall space. The black squares, circles, and"wave-point" holes in the obscure are the spatialised results of a series of minimalist art works created by FANG Zhenning in the 1990s. When artists live in an art world designed by themselves, what kind of artistic creation will they come up with? FANG HOUSE may be a device worthy of our long-lasting concern.

FAN Lu: In orthogonal spaces in FANG HOUSE,the circular elements become the important motif in architectural expression. The round holes carved on the sunlight sheet in west fa?ade could be regarded as dotted pattern and futurist window in spaceship as well. Contrast with those transparent dots, the circular door knob on main entrance becomes a solid dot which attracts people to enter the place. Then this element is echoed with a suspending black circle behind the main entry and a black screen. The black dot seems like a spiritual doorknob which leads to a supremacist world.Once again, the circular elements appear in the interior stair fa?ade and the stair side wall. This disposition emphasises the location of second floor entrance and suggests the different spatial orientation in upper stairs.