云清英,徐剛
(1.山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院 檢驗(yàn)科,山東 濟(jì)南 250001;2.中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)第四醫(yī)院,遼寧 沈陽(yáng) 110000)
HIF-1α在成人急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血病患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中的表達(dá)及意義*
云清英1,徐剛2
(1.山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院 檢驗(yàn)科,山東 濟(jì)南 250001;2.中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)第四醫(yī)院,遼寧 沈陽(yáng) 110000)
目的探討低氧誘導(dǎo)因子-1α(HIF-1α)在成人急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血?。ˋLL)患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中的表達(dá)及意義。方法選取73例成人初診ALL患者,同期留取非白血病骨髓30份作為對(duì)照組,采集并分離骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞,利用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)技術(shù)檢測(cè)骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因表達(dá),利用Kaplan-Meier生存分析分析HIF-1α基因表達(dá)對(duì)患者無(wú)復(fù)發(fā)生存時(shí)間的影響。結(jié)果成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量(1.86±0.18),高于對(duì)照組(1.17±0.09),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=25.020,P=0.000);B系-ALL(B-ALL)和T系-ALL(T-ALL)患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量均高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),而 B-ALL和T-ALL患者之間差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=0.807,P=0.211);費(fèi)城染色體(Ph)陽(yáng)性和Ph陰性患者HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量均高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),而Ph陽(yáng)性和Ph陰性患者之間差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.314,P=0.096);B-ALL和T-ALL成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α信使核糖核酸(mRNA)相對(duì)表達(dá)量均與性別、年齡、白細(xì)胞水平和危險(xiǎn)度分級(jí)無(wú)關(guān)(P>0.05);以HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量的P25為截點(diǎn),將患者分為低表達(dá)組(n=18)和高表達(dá)組(n=55),低表達(dá)組隨訪(fǎng)中復(fù)發(fā)4例,復(fù)發(fā)率22.2%,高表達(dá)組隨訪(fǎng)中復(fù)發(fā)20例,復(fù)發(fā)率36.4%,Kaplan-Meier生存分析顯示,低表達(dá)組無(wú)復(fù)發(fā)生存時(shí)間11.2個(gè)月,長(zhǎng)于高表達(dá)組的8.6個(gè)月,但差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=1.771,P=0.183)。結(jié)論HIF-1α在成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中呈高表達(dá),可能與ALL患者化療耐藥及復(fù)發(fā)相關(guān)。
急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血??;成人;低氧誘導(dǎo)因子-1α;骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)in bone marrow mononuclear cells of adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).MethodsSeventy-three adult patients with newly-diagnosed ALL were selected.In the same period,30 samples of bone marrow from non-leukemic patients were selected as the control group.Bone marrow mononuclear cells were harvested and isolated.The expression ofHIF-1αgene in bone marrow mononuclear cell was detected by qRT-PCR.The effect of the expression ofHIF-1αgene on the relapse-free survival time was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier.ResultsThe relative expression level of HIF-1α mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of the adult patients with newly diagnosed ALL was (1.86±0.18),which was significantly higher than that ofthe control group (1.17±0.09),and the difference was statistically significant(t=25.020,P=0.000).The relative expression levels of HIF-1α mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of the patients with B-ALL and T-ALL were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between those with B-ALL and T-ALL(t=0.807,P=0.211).The relative expression levels of HIF-1α mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive and Ph-negative patients were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between Ph-positive group and Ph-negative group(t=1.314,P=0.096).The relative expression levels of HIF-1α mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells of the B-ALL and T-ALL patients were unrelated with sex,age,leukocyte level or risk grade (P>0.05).According to the cutoff value of P25 of the relative expression level of HIF-1α mRNA,the patients were divided into the low expression group(n=18)and the high expression group(n=55).During the follow-up period,4 cases in the low expression group had recurrence,the recurrence rate was 22.2%;20 cases in the high expression group had recrudescence,the recurrence rate was 36.4%.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the relapse-free survival time in the low expression group was 11.2 months,which was longer than that of the high expression group (8.6 months),but the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=1.771,P=0.183).ConclusionsHIF-1α is highly expressed in bone marrow mononuclear cells of adult patients with newly diagnosed ALL.It may be associated with chemotherapy resistance and recurrence.
Keywords:acute lymphoblastic leukemia;adult;HIF-1α;bone marrow mononuclear cells
急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血病(acute lymphoblastic leukemia,ALL)約占成人急性白血病的21%~30%,是成人最為常見(jiàn)的急性白血病類(lèi)型[1],雖然已有的治療手段可使多數(shù)患者緩解,但成人ALL患者復(fù)發(fā)率較高,且易發(fā)生化療耐藥,嚴(yán)重影響患者預(yù)后[2]。目前,ALL發(fā)病機(jī)制尚未完全清楚,有研究指出[3],缺氧微環(huán)境與腫瘤腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖、遷移、侵襲及化療耐藥密切相關(guān)。亦有研究指出[4],缺氧是急性白血病患者骨髓微環(huán)境的重要組成部分,與細(xì)胞增殖及化療敏感性有關(guān)。低氧誘導(dǎo)因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)作為缺氧條件下機(jī)體重要的調(diào)控因子,與多種惡性腫瘤發(fā)生及進(jìn)展有關(guān),在調(diào)控腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖、分化、生長(zhǎng)、侵襲及血管新生等生物學(xué)功能中發(fā)揮重要作用[5]。有研究指出[6],在原代急性髓系白血病細(xì)胞中HIF-1α呈高表達(dá)。本研究擬對(duì)成人ALL患者外周血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α表達(dá)進(jìn)行分析,旨在探討HIF-1α在成人ALL發(fā)病及進(jìn)展中的意義。
1.1.1 臨床資料選取2012年2月-2015年12月在本院住院治療的成人初診ALL患者73例。其中,男性33例,女性40例;年齡20~57歲,中位年齡36.4歲;所有患者均經(jīng)骨髓細(xì)胞學(xué)、分子生物學(xué)、遺傳學(xué)及免疫分型檢查確診;B系 ALL(B-ALL)46例,T系A(chǔ)LL(T-ALL)27例;Ph陽(yáng)性13例,Ph陰性60例。同期,留取非白血病骨髓30份作為對(duì)照組,均排除血液系統(tǒng)疾病、惡性腫瘤、急慢性感染及其他疾病者。其中,男性18例,女性12例;年齡19~59歲,中位年齡37.1歲。本研究通過(guò)醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),所有研究對(duì)象均行知情同意。
1.1.2 主要試劑和設(shè)備總核糖核酸(ribonucleic acid,RNA)提取試劑盒(Trizol法)(購(gòu)自美國(guó) Invitrogen公司),逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒和聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)擴(kuò)增試劑盒(均購(gòu)自大連寶生物公司),HIF-1α及內(nèi)參引物均由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司設(shè)計(jì)合成,F(xiàn)ic011分離液購(gòu)自中科院血液病學(xué)研究所,實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR儀(購(gòu)自美國(guó)Bio-rad公司)。
1.2.1 治療方案及效果評(píng)估所有患者均按照《中國(guó)成人急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血病診斷與治療專(zhuān)家共識(shí)》[7]方案進(jìn)行治療,并進(jìn)行效果評(píng)估。初診之前均未進(jìn)行過(guò)ALL相關(guān)治療,復(fù)發(fā)前均按照正規(guī)的化療方案進(jìn)行治療,經(jīng)過(guò)第1個(gè)療程治療后,完全緩解49例,未緩解24例。
1.2.2 標(biāo)本采集及骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞分離所有研究對(duì)象于無(wú)菌操作下抽取骨髓約5 ml,抗凝,4 h內(nèi)按等體積比緩慢加入到Fic011分離液上層,于1500轉(zhuǎn)/min,離心15 min,細(xì)胞分為3層,將位于中間層的單個(gè)核細(xì)胞小心吸出,置入-80℃冰箱冷凍保存待備檢。
1.2.3 利用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR技術(shù)檢測(cè)骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因表達(dá)取骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞,加入細(xì)胞裂解液進(jìn)行裂解后,用總RNA提取試劑盒對(duì)單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中總RNA進(jìn)行提取,利用紫外分光光度計(jì)對(duì)總RNA純度進(jìn)行檢測(cè),取A260/A280≥1.80作為合格樣品。用逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒將總RNA逆轉(zhuǎn)錄為模板單鏈cDNA,用互補(bǔ)脫氧核糖核酸(complem entary deoxyribonucleic acid,cDNA)為模板,用 PCR試劑盒進(jìn)行PCR。引物序列:HIF-1α引物,正向5'-GGGGAGGACGATGAACATCAA-3';反向 5'-GGGTG GTTTCTTGTACCCACA-3'。β-actin,正向 5'-GGCT GTATTCCCCTCCATCG-3';反向 5'-CCAGTTGGTAA CAATGCCATGT-3'。PCR 反應(yīng)條件:95℃預(yù)變性 30s,95℃變性 30 s,60℃退火 30 s,76℃延伸 30 s,連續(xù)進(jìn)行38次循環(huán)。每個(gè)樣品均設(shè)置3個(gè)平行反應(yīng)復(fù)孔。用2-△△Ct法對(duì)骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因相對(duì)表達(dá)量。
數(shù)據(jù)分析采用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件,計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(±s)表示,兩組比較用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),多組間比較用單因素方差分析,組間兩兩比較用LSD-t檢驗(yàn),利用Kaplan-Meier生存分析HIF-1α基因表達(dá)對(duì)患者無(wú)復(fù)發(fā)生存時(shí)間的影響,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量(1.86±0.18),高于對(duì)照組的(1.17±0.09),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=25.020,P=0.000)。
B-ALL和T-ALL成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為(1.83±0.11)和(1.92±0.25),均高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=31.199和 13.188,P<0.05),而 B-ALL和 TALL患者比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=0.807,P=0.211);Ph陽(yáng)性和Ph陰性患者HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為(1.81±0.09)和(1.87±0.16),均高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=25.467和 20.718,P<0.05),而Ph陽(yáng)性和Ph陰性患者比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.314,P=0.096)。
B-ALL和T-ALL成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量均與性別、年齡、白細(xì)胞水平和危險(xiǎn)度分級(jí)比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)(見(jiàn)附表)。
附表 成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因表達(dá)與臨床指標(biāo)的關(guān)系 (±s)
附表 成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因表達(dá)與臨床指標(biāo)的關(guān)系 (±s)
臨床指標(biāo)性別/例男 女年齡/歲≤35 35~5050~69白細(xì)胞水平(個(gè)/L)B系 <30×109或T系 <100×109B系≥30×109或T系≥100×109危險(xiǎn)度分級(jí)標(biāo)危 高危B-ALL 20 26 15 18 13 22 24 18 28 HIF-1α mRNA 1.80±0.09 1.85±0.16 1.81±0.10 1.84±0.13 1.87±0.17 1.82±0.12 1.88±0.18 1.79±0.08 1.85±0.19 t/F值 1.479 2.018 0.629 0.954 P值 0.073 0.145 0.266 0.173 T-ALL 13 14 7 12 8 12 15 13 16 HIF-1α mRNA 1.88±0.17 1.94±0.24 1.90±0.19 1.93±0.22 1.96±0.27 1.87±0.21 1.97±0.26 1.91±0.20 1.95±0.28 t/F值 1.207 0.469 0.477 0.634 P值 0.119 0.631 0.319 0.266
完全緩解組成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量為(1.73±0.10),低于未緩解組的(1.82±0.12),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=2.874,P=0.003)。
所有患者均隨訪(fǎng)1年,未出現(xiàn)失訪(fǎng)病例,隨訪(fǎng)過(guò)程中復(fù)發(fā)24例。以HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量的P25為截點(diǎn),患者分為低表達(dá)組(n=18)和高表達(dá)組(n=55),低表達(dá)組隨訪(fǎng)中復(fù)發(fā)4例,復(fù)發(fā)率22.2%,高表達(dá)組隨訪(fǎng)中復(fù)發(fā)20例,復(fù)發(fā)率36.4%,Kaplan-Meier生存分析顯示,低表達(dá)組無(wú)復(fù)發(fā)生存時(shí)間11.2個(gè)月,長(zhǎng)于高表達(dá)組的8.6個(gè)月,但差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=1.771,P=0.183)(見(jiàn)附圖)。
附圖 成人初診ALL患者HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量對(duì)無(wú)復(fù)發(fā)生存時(shí)間的影響
ALL作為成人常見(jiàn)的急性白血病類(lèi)型,化療耐藥及復(fù)發(fā)是影響患者預(yù)后的主要因素,即使是復(fù)發(fā)后采取更強(qiáng)的化療藥物治療,治愈率僅有30%~40%[7],而且這些患者再次化療失敗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高、生存率則更低[8]。因此,積極探討影響成人ALL化療耐藥及復(fù)發(fā)的相關(guān)因素,對(duì)改善患者預(yù)后具有重要意義。有研究指出[9],白血病患者脊髓微環(huán)境缺氧在化療耐藥及白血病細(xì)胞增殖中發(fā)揮重要作用。HIF-1作為重要的缺氧誘導(dǎo)因子,在常氧環(huán)境中性質(zhì)不穩(wěn)定,而在缺氧環(huán)境下可穩(wěn)定存在,且與細(xì)胞增殖、分化、生長(zhǎng)及侵襲能力有關(guān),HIF-1α是HIF-1重要的亞基類(lèi)型,在HIF-1發(fā)揮作用中起關(guān)鍵性作用[10]。惡性腫瘤細(xì)胞由于過(guò)度增殖,遠(yuǎn)超腫瘤血管供氧能力而使組織局部缺氧,成為惡性腫瘤重要特征[11],現(xiàn)有研究已證實(shí)[12],HIF-1α在多數(shù)實(shí)體瘤組織中存在不同程度高表達(dá)。本研究顯示,成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量高于對(duì)照組,說(shuō)明HIF-1α在成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中呈高表達(dá),可能參與了ALL的發(fā)生。
在對(duì)不同亞型成人初診ALL患者分析發(fā)現(xiàn),成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量在B-ALL和T-ALL、Ph陽(yáng)性和Ph陰性比較無(wú)差異,說(shuō)明HIF-1α基因在成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中高表達(dá)與ALL的亞型無(wú)關(guān),提示成人ALL患者骨髓造血微環(huán)境可能普遍存在缺氧改變,與ALVAREZ-MARTINS等[13]研究結(jié)論相同。本研究在分析骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因表達(dá)與臨床指標(biāo)相關(guān)性時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因表達(dá)與性別、年齡、白細(xì)胞水平和危險(xiǎn)度分級(jí)無(wú)關(guān),但可以看出,女性、年齡50~69歲、白細(xì)胞水平升高、高?;颊逪IF-1α基因表達(dá)水平呈升高趨勢(shì),分析原因可能與本研究樣本量較少有關(guān)。本研究顯示,完全緩解組成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量低于未緩解組,說(shuō)明HIF-1α可能與成人初診ALL患者化療效果有關(guān),可能參與化療耐藥的發(fā)生,進(jìn)一步隨訪(fǎng)1年發(fā)現(xiàn),HIF-1α基因低表達(dá)組,復(fù)發(fā)率22.2%,低于高表達(dá)組的36.4%,Kaplan-Meier生存分析顯示,低表達(dá)組無(wú)復(fù)發(fā)生存時(shí)間11.2個(gè)月,長(zhǎng)于高表達(dá)組的8.6個(gè)月,但差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,提示成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中HIF-1α基因高表達(dá)可能參與了患者復(fù)發(fā),是導(dǎo)致ALL患者對(duì)化療藥物不敏感及復(fù)發(fā)的因素。
綜上所述,HIF-1α在成人初診ALL患者骨髓單個(gè)核細(xì)胞中呈高表達(dá),可能與ALL患者化療耐藥及復(fù)發(fā)相關(guān),有望成為成人ALL治療靶點(diǎn),尤其為難治復(fù)發(fā)性患者治療提供靶點(diǎn)。
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Expression and significance ofHIF-1αin bone marrow mononuclear cells of adult patients with ALL*
Qing-ying Yun1,Gang Xu2
(1.Clinical Laboratory,the Second Affiliated Hospital,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan,Shandong 250001,China;2.The Fourth Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110000,China)
R733.71
A
10.3969/j.issn.1005-8982.2017.21.009
1005-8982(2017)21-0049-05
2017-01-17
遼寧省自然科學(xué)基金(No:2013021039)