Lycee Schorge中學(xué)西非布基納法索庫(kù)杜古

Lycee Schorge Secondary School Koudougou , Burkina Faso, West Africa

草圖 sketch

Lycée Schorge中學(xué)位于布基納法索第三人口大市。該校將為該地區(qū)樹立卓越教育的新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還將為工程建造提供一種新的思路，即以一種創(chuàng)新和現(xiàn)代化的方式在當(dāng)?shù)孬@取建筑材料。

該設(shè)計(jì)將學(xué)校分為9大單元，以容納一排排教室和行政辦公室。其中一個(gè)單元還有一個(gè)牙科診室，將為學(xué)生提供新的牙科護(hù)理。

這些單元的墻壁由當(dāng)?shù)氐募t土石制成。紅土石剛出土?xí)r很容易切割并制成磚塊。當(dāng)紅土石與空氣接觸后，就會(huì)開始變硬。紅土石的熱質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)異，作為教室墻壁材料效果很好。紅土石墻壁加上獨(dú)特的集風(fēng)塔和外懸屋頂，大幅降低了教室內(nèi)的溫度。

另一個(gè)有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)自然通風(fēng)并提供室內(nèi)光源的重要設(shè)計(jì)就是開闊的波狀天花板?；夷嗪突炷翗?gòu)件的波紋狀造型之間稍有錯(cuò)位，這樣可促進(jìn)室內(nèi)空間的透氣性并可將滯留的高溫空氣排出室外。天花板的灰白顏色可以漫反射并分散間接光照，可以在白天提供充足的光照，同時(shí)避免陽(yáng)光直接射入教室內(nèi)。

木隔板將教室環(huán)繞起來，就像一個(gè)透明的織物。這種教室的第二層外表面由當(dāng)?shù)厣L(zhǎng)迅速的木材制成，將教室周圍的空間遮蔽了起來。這種木隔板不僅可以保護(hù)由泥土建造的教室，防止腐蝕性灰塵和風(fēng)，還可以為等待上課的學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一系列附屬的日常活動(dòng)空間。

為了最大化地利用運(yùn)送到學(xué)校的材料，學(xué)校使用當(dāng)?shù)氐挠材竞椭鹘ㄖ旯ず笫Ｏ碌牟牧?，如屋頂用剩的廢鋼料，制造教室內(nèi)的用具。這樣一來，通過減少增加建造成本的廢料，使得學(xué)校的建設(shè)更加經(jīng)濟(jì)。

教室區(qū)域的放射狀布局以一個(gè)中央公共院落為中心，營(yíng)造出了一種自治型“村落”狀態(tài)。這種布局不僅可以在主要公共區(qū)域營(yíng)造隱私空間，還可以保護(hù)院落內(nèi)部免受風(fēng)和灰塵的影響。院落中央這種圓形劇場(chǎng)型的布局可以為學(xué)校乃至整個(gè)社區(qū)的非正式聚會(huì)以及正式集會(huì)和慶?；顒?dòng)提供場(chǎng)所。

整體來看，這種設(shè)計(jì)最重要的一個(gè)目標(biāo)就是為學(xué)生、教職工和周邊的社區(qū)成員提供靈感之源。該校不僅成為了當(dāng)?shù)氐牡貥?biāo)建筑，也表明了，將當(dāng)?shù)夭牧吓c創(chuàng)造力和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作結(jié)合起來可以創(chuàng)造出具有重要意義的建筑，產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)、持久的影響。

Located in the third most populated city in Burkina Faso, the Lycée Schorge Secondary School will not only set a new standard for educational excellence in the region, it will also provide a source of inspiration by showcasing locally-sourced building materials in an innovative and modern way.

The design for the school consists of 9 modules which accommodate a series of classrooms and administration rooms. One of these modules also houses a dental clinic which will provide a new source of dental care for the students. The walls of these modules are made from locally-harvested laterite stone, which, when first extracted from the earth, can be easily cut and shaped into bricks. When the stone is left exposed to the atmosphere above ground, it begins to harden. The material functions really well as a wall system for the classrooms because of its thermal mass capabilities. This, in combination with the unique wind-catching towers and overhanging roofs, lowers the temperature of the interior spaces exponentially.

Another major factor that helps to naturally ventilate and illuminate the interiors is a massive undulating ceiling. The wave-like pattern of plaster and concrete components are slightly offset from each other, allowing the interior space to breathe and expel hot stagnant air. The off-white color of the ceiling serves to diffuse and spread around indirect daylight,providing ample illumination during the day while keeping the interior learning space protected from direct solar heat gain.

? Kéré Architecture

Wrapping around these classrooms like a transparent fabric is a system of wooden screens. This secondary fa?ade is made from a local fast-growing wood and acts as a shading element for the spaces immediately surrounding the classrooms. The screens not only function to protect the earthen classrooms from corroding dust and winds, they also help to create a series of secondary informal gathering spaces for the students as they wait to attend their classes.

In order to maximize the material transported to the site, the school furniture inside the classrooms is made from local hardwoods and leftover elements from the main building construction such as steel scraps from the roof. In this way, the economy of the building is extended by reducing waste adding additional value to the cost of construction.

Creating a sort of autonomous ‘village’ condition, the radial layout of classroom modules wrap around a central public courtyard. This configuration not only creates privacy from the main public domain, it also shelters and protects the inner courtyard from wind and dust. An ampitheater-like condition at the center of the courtyard will accommodate informal gatherings as well as formal assemblies and celebrations for the school and community as a whole.

Overall, one of the most important goals of the design is to serve as a catalyst for inspiration for the students, teaching staff, and surrounding community members. The architecture not only functions as a marker in the landscape, it is also a testament to how local materials, in combination with creativity and team-work, can be transformed into something significant with profound lasting effects.

平面圖 plan

軸側(cè)分解圖 exploded axonometric-labeled

教室軸側(cè)圖 classroom axonometry

氣候分析圖 climate diagram

剖面圖 section

? Kéré Architecture

? Kéré Architecture

? Kéré Architecture