包娜日素 韓亞升 張生茂 王愛桃 杜曉冰
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舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注對(duì)肺癌根治術(shù)患者的麻醉效果及安全性
包娜日素 韓亞升 張生茂 王愛桃 杜曉冰
目的 觀察舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注對(duì)肺癌根治術(shù)患者的麻醉效果以及安全性。方法 納入70例行肺癌根治術(shù)的患者,根據(jù)給藥方式不同分為兩組各35例。研究組給予舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注,對(duì)照組給予舒芬太尼靜脈恒速注射配合丙泊酚靶控輸注。觀察:兩組患者麻醉誘導(dǎo)期前后收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、心率(HR)等變化;兩組患者術(shù)后呼吸恢復(fù)時(shí)間、拔管時(shí)間以及睜眼時(shí)間;兩組患者停止給藥后意識(shí)程度(OAA/S評(píng)分)。結(jié)果 兩組患者麻醉誘導(dǎo)后SBP、DBP、HR水平均較誘導(dǎo)前顯著下降(P<0.05)。研究組誘導(dǎo)后SBP、DBP、HR分別為(98.4±10.1)mmHg、(59.1±9.2)mmHg、(82.5±5.4)次/分,對(duì)照組分別為(103.0±10.9)mmHg、(63.8±8.7)mmHg、(86.3±5.2)次/分,差異均有顯著性(P<0.05);兩組患者術(shù)后呼吸恢復(fù)時(shí)間差異無顯著性(P>0.05)。研究組拔管時(shí)間、睜眼時(shí)間分別為(11.24±4.25)min、(10.87±4.45)min,對(duì)照組分別為(15.44±4.40)min、(15.76±4.61)min,差異均有顯著性(P<0.05);兩組患者停止給藥時(shí)、停藥30 min、停藥60 min OAA/S評(píng)分差異均無顯著性。結(jié)論 舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注,能夠顯著改善患者血流動(dòng)力情況,促進(jìn)麻醉后恢復(fù),縮短拔管及睜眼時(shí)間,降低感染、刺激呼吸道等危險(xiǎn)。
舒芬太尼;丙泊酚;靶控輸注;肺癌根治術(shù);麻醉效果;安全性
(ThePracticalJournalofCancer,2017,32:956~958)
肺癌是臨床上較為多見的1種呼吸系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤,近年來其發(fā)病率在我國(guó)呈現(xiàn)逐年升高的趨勢(shì)[1]。本研究通過比較舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚給藥方式的不同,探討舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注與舒芬太尼靜脈恒速注射配合丙泊酚靶控輸注在肺癌根治術(shù)中的麻醉效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
1.1 一般資料
選取70例我院2010年1月至2015年1月行肺癌根治術(shù)的患者。根據(jù)舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚給藥方式的不同分為研究組與對(duì)照組。研究組給予舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注,對(duì)照組給予舒芬太尼靜脈恒速注射配合丙泊酚靶控輸注,每組35例。研究組:男性20例,女性15例,年齡32~67歲,平均年齡(48.3±6.7)歲,腫瘤病理類型:鱗癌16例,腺癌12例,其它7例,TNM分期:Ⅰ期11例,Ⅱ期9例,Ⅲa期9例,Ⅲb期6例;對(duì)照組:男性19例,女性16例;年齡34~69歲,平均年齡(48.7±6.9)歲;腫瘤病理類型:鱗癌15例,腺癌12例,其它8例;TNM分期:Ⅰ期11例,Ⅱ期10例,Ⅲa期8例,Ⅲb期6例。兩組患者性別、年齡、腫瘤病理類型、TNM分期等資料差異均無顯著性(P>0.05),有可比性。
1.2 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
①年齡≥18歲;②既往無精神疾病史及神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病史,無手術(shù)及麻醉禁忌癥;③既往無阿片類和(或)苯二氮卓類藥物使用史者。
1.3 排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
①合并有嚴(yán)重心、肝、腎功能不全者;②未簽署知情同意書者;③既往有對(duì)本研究采用的麻醉藥物過敏者。
1.4 麻醉方法
兩組患者采用相同的麻醉誘導(dǎo)方法,囑患者仰臥位,給予心電監(jiān)測(cè),記錄平靜狀態(tài)下患者的血壓及心率作為基礎(chǔ)值。麻醉誘導(dǎo)方法如下:給予咪噠唑侖靜脈注射,并靶控輸注丙泊酚,待患者麻醉深度達(dá)到64時(shí)繼續(xù)給藥。研究組:靶控輸注舒芬太尼3 μg/ml,靜脈注射羅庫(kù)溴安0.8 mg/kg;對(duì)照組:給予0.4 μg/kg舒芬太尼以及1.0 mg/kg維庫(kù)溴銨靜脈輸注。研究組麻醉維持:采用舒芬太尼和丙泊酚靶控輸注;對(duì)照組麻醉維持:采用舒芬太尼勻速注射[0.2 μg/(kg·h-1)]以及丙泊酚靶控輸注。
1.5 觀察指標(biāo)
①兩組患者麻醉誘導(dǎo)期前后收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、心率(HR)等血流動(dòng)力學(xué)變化;②兩組患者術(shù)后呼吸恢復(fù)時(shí)間、拔管時(shí)間以及睜眼時(shí)間;③兩組患者停止給藥后意識(shí)程度(OAA/S評(píng)分)。其中,OAA/S評(píng)分越高,說明患者意識(shí)狀態(tài)越清醒。
1.6 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
2.1 血流動(dòng)力學(xué)情況
兩組患者麻醉誘導(dǎo)后SBP、SBP、HR水平均較誘導(dǎo)前顯著下降(P<0.05);研究組誘導(dǎo)后SBP、SBP、HR水平均明顯低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見表1。
表1 兩組患者麻醉誘導(dǎo)前后血流動(dòng)力學(xué)情況比較
注:*為與本組誘導(dǎo)前比較,P<0.05。
2.2 恢復(fù)情況
兩組患者術(shù)后呼吸恢復(fù)時(shí)間比較無差異(P>0.05);研究組拔管時(shí)間、睜眼時(shí)間均明顯短于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見表2。
表2 兩組患者術(shù)后恢復(fù)情況比較
2.3 兩組患者停止給藥后OAA/S評(píng)分比較
兩組患者停止給藥時(shí)、停藥30 min、停藥60 min OAA/S評(píng)分差異均無顯著性(P>0.05),見表3。
表3 兩組患者停止給藥后OAA/S評(píng)分比較
目前研究表明,麻醉屬于手術(shù)的1個(gè)重要輔助手段。通過科學(xué)、合理的麻醉方案,具有緩解患者疼痛,鎮(zhèn)靜患者情緒的作用,從而保證手術(shù)的順利進(jìn)行[2]。雖然隨著醫(yī)療水平的不斷進(jìn)展,但手術(shù)麻醉仍具有一定的危險(xiǎn)性。研究表明,麻醉會(huì)影響患者植物神經(jīng)功能,可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致心房過氧化反應(yīng)、感染等嚴(yán)重癥狀[3-4]。因此,在研究麻醉效果的同時(shí)其安全性亦成為臨床研究的熱點(diǎn)。舒芬太尼以及丙泊酚均是臨床上較為常用的麻醉藥物。其中,舒芬太尼是N-4噻吩基衍生物,具有強(qiáng)力鎮(zhèn)痛作用,麻醉誘導(dǎo)迅速,恢復(fù)較快,且對(duì)患者呼吸抑制較小[5]。而丙泊酚則具有起效快、不良反應(yīng)少等優(yōu)點(diǎn),屬于臨床上較為理想的1種催眠性麻醉藥物[6]。舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚是近年來臨床廣泛采用的一種麻醉方式,被認(rèn)為具有麻醉效果好,不良反應(yīng)少等優(yōu)點(diǎn)[7]。靶控輸注是近年來出現(xiàn)的給藥方式,通過計(jì)算藥物的藥效及藥代動(dòng)力學(xué)從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)劑量的而控制,調(diào)節(jié)效應(yīng)是濃度,達(dá)到深度麻醉的效果[8]。
為進(jìn)一步探討舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚不同給藥方式對(duì)患者麻醉效果及安全性的影響,筆者對(duì)70例肺癌根治術(shù)患者進(jìn)行了臨床分組觀察。首先,我們比較了麻醉誘導(dǎo)前后患者血流動(dòng)力學(xué)的變化。結(jié)果顯示,兩組患者血壓及心率均較誘導(dǎo)前有了顯著的降低(P<0.05)。組間比較,研究組血壓及心率水平均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。表明靶控輸注具有可控性好,精確度及穩(wěn)定性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),能夠維持患者血流動(dòng)力學(xué)的穩(wěn)定。兩組患者術(shù)后呼吸恢復(fù)時(shí)間雖然無明顯的差異(P>0.05),但研究組拔管時(shí)間與睜眼時(shí)間均要明顯短于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。表明通過靶控輸注給藥,能夠縮短患者的清醒時(shí)間,有利于術(shù)后恢復(fù)情況。最后,我們比較了兩組患者停止給藥后OAA/S評(píng)分,結(jié)果顯示停藥后即刻、30 min、60 min兩組患者OAA/S評(píng)分差異均無顯著性(P>0.05)。表明靶控輸注給藥的安全性較高,不會(huì)對(duì)患者的意識(shí)恢復(fù)程度造成影響。 綜上所述,舒芬太尼復(fù)合丙泊酚靶控輸注,能夠顯著改善患者血流動(dòng)力情況,促進(jìn)麻醉后恢復(fù),縮短拔管及睜眼時(shí)間,降低感染、刺激呼吸道等危險(xiǎn)。
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(編輯:吳小紅)
Anesthesia Effect and Safety of Sufentanil and Propofol Target Control Infusion for Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Radical Treatment
BAONarisu,HANYasheng,ZHANGShengmao,etal.
InnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionPeople'sHospital,Hohhot,010017
Objective To observe the anesthesia effect and safety of sufentanil and propofol target control infusion for lung cancer patients treated with radical treatment.Methods 70 cases of lung cancer patients treated with radical treatment were selected and divided into the research group and the control group according to different administration methods.The research group received sufentanil and propofol target control infusion,while the control group received sufentanil intravenous constant speed injection with propofol target control infusion.The change of SBP,DBP,and HR of both groups before and after anesthesia induction period were observed;postoperative breathing recovery time,extubation time,and eye open time of both groups were observed;and OAA/S score after stopping medication of both groups were observed.Results (1) The SBP,DBP,and HR level of both groups after anesthesia induction period were significantly decreased than before (P<0.05).After induction,the SBP,DBP,and HR score of the research group were (98.4±10.1 mmHg,(59.1±9.2) mmHg,and (82.5±5.4) times/min,while (103.0±10.9) mmHg,(63.8±8.7) mmHg,and (86.3±5.2) times/min in the control group.The differences were significant (P<0.05);(2) There was no significant different in postoperative breathing recovery time between the 2 groups (P>0.05).The extubation time and open time of the research group were (11.24±4.25) min and (10.87±4.45) min,while (15.44±4.40) min and (15.76±4.61) min in the control group.The differences were significant (P<0.05);(3)There were no significant differences in OAA/S scores at the time of withdrawal,30 min and 60 min after withdrawal (P>0.05).Conclusion Sufentanil and propofol target control infusion can significantly improve the hemodynamics of patients after anesthesia induction and significantly shorten postoperative extubation time and open time.It is beneficial to recovery,while reducing the risks of infection and respiratory stimulation.
Sufentanil;Propofol;Target control infusion;Lung cancer radical treatment;Anesthesia effect;Security
010017 內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)人民醫(yī)院
10.3969/j.issn.1001-5930.2017.06.025
R734.2
A
1001-5930(2017)06-0956-03
2016-07-08
2017-03-17)