□文、圖/本刊記者 胡睿

“重慶中法應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學合作中心”成立：盤點重醫(yī)與法國醫(yī)學界的22年交流史

□文、圖/本刊記者 胡睿

法國大使顧山（左）與重慶市衛(wèi)計委書記盛婭農(nóng)（右）簽約。

3月27日，由重慶市衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會與法國駐華大使館主辦、重慶醫(yī)科大學附屬第一醫(yī)院（以下簡稱“重醫(yī)附一院”）承辦的第二屆中國（重慶）—法國應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學研討會暨重慶中法應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學合作中心簽約儀式在重醫(yī)附一院舉辦。在重慶市政協(xié)副主席吳剛、法國駐華大使館衛(wèi)生與社會事務(wù)參贊謝思珂、法國駐成都總領(lǐng)事館總領(lǐng)事滿碧滟、重慶市政府外事僑務(wù)辦公室副巡視員王廣成等嘉賓的共同見證下，法國駐華大使顧山與市衛(wèi)生計生委書記盛婭農(nóng)正式簽約。

此次簽約對重慶與法國在醫(yī)療方面的合作有著積極影響。法國方面將會為重醫(yī)附一院提供衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急和災難醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的培訓，提高重慶地區(qū)衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量和效率，同時也促進中法應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的交流與合作，支持和促進在衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急和急診科運行的組織或適宜技術(shù)上的創(chuàng)新。

2017年2月，法國駐成都總領(lǐng)事館總領(lǐng)事滿碧滟接受本刊記者專訪時曾表示，她來渝的一項重要行程便是到重醫(yī)附一院交流訪問。這次她出席并見證了重慶中法應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學合作中心的簽約，也印證了中法的友好關(guān)系與醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的合作更進了一步。

“中心”效應(yīng)：立足重慶，服務(wù)西部

“合作中心”平臺的搭建有利于“走出去，請進來”的開展，學習借鑒法國應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學經(jīng)驗，促進相關(guān)學科建設(shè)，提高我市衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急和急救能力。合作中心的建立立足重慶，服務(wù)整個西部在應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學方面的需要，有利于鞏固和擴大我市在西部、乃至全國應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的影響力，為今后重慶承擔大型國家級以及國際性活動的急救服務(wù)和醫(yī)療保障作好充分準備。同時，通過“中心”平臺，擴大中法在應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學方面的合作交流，也有利于擴大重慶在法國的綜合影響力和知名度。

據(jù)了解，重醫(yī)附一院與法國醫(yī)學院校和醫(yī)院開展交流已有22年，是國內(nèi)成功開展中法醫(yī)學交流的典型代表，交流成績在國內(nèi)名列第二，是國內(nèi)成功開展中法醫(yī)學交流的典型代表。到目前，已累計派出重慶醫(yī)生139人次赴法國學習和臨床進修及94名醫(yī)學生赴法臨床實習，5位法國大使訪問醫(yī)院，邀請到133名法國專家教授來重慶講學及手術(shù)示范。是西南地區(qū)唯一一家加入中國空中急救醫(yī)院聯(lián)盟的醫(yī)院?！爸貞c中法應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學合作中心”的成立，是在中法兩國人文交流高層對話的框架下，根據(jù)《中華人民共和國國家衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會與法蘭西共和國社會事務(wù)與衛(wèi)生部衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急合作執(zhí)行計劃（2016—2020年）》，鑒于法國與重慶在衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域的長期友好合作關(guān)系而共同建立的。

達成合作協(xié)議的中法雙方包含了重慶市衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會，重醫(yī)附一院等，法國方面的醫(yī)科院校和醫(yī)療機構(gòu)包括斯特拉斯堡大學附屬醫(yī)院、斯特拉斯堡大學和其醫(yī)學院、圖盧茲大學附屬醫(yī)院等，雙方在合作協(xié)議下，每年召開一次會議，通過關(guān)于應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學的培訓計劃和年度報告。

在合作中心的建立的同時，2017年3月27日，第二屆中國（重慶）—法國應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學研討會也在渝舉辦，是繼2016年3月之后，重慶市衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會再次與法國駐華大使館聯(lián)合主辦的學術(shù)活動。近20名法國應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的專家學者以及來自北京、上海、天津、湖北、湖南等11省市的代表，重慶市級醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生單位和40個區(qū)縣醫(yī)療單位250余工作人員參加了會議。大會圍繞衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急領(lǐng)域面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)、衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急管理、傳染病應(yīng)急等內(nèi)容，分享中、法兩國經(jīng)驗，會議的召開將有助于學習借鑒法國的應(yīng)急以及急救管理組織經(jīng)驗，提高了我市衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急和急救能力以及應(yīng)急、急救系統(tǒng)管理水平，促進了中法兩國醫(yī)務(wù)人員進一步交流，也增加了我市在急救醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域的影響力。

法國醫(yī)學救援系統(tǒng)：專業(yè)經(jīng)驗作參考

在2016年11月30日至12月2日舉辦的中法直升機緊急醫(yī)療救援培訓班上，就有來自法國社會事務(wù)與衛(wèi)生部、法國羅納省直升機救援中心和法國院前急救73區(qū)的3名專家，采用理論授課和實地訓練的方式，對來自全國8個省市的70余名學員進行了為期3天的直升機緊急醫(yī)療救援培訓，此次培訓包括直升機緊急醫(yī)療救援理論直升機安全程序、裝載和卸載患者、海上營救及山地營救等實戰(zhàn)訓練，像這樣扎實的實戰(zhàn)訓練在西南地區(qū)數(shù)首次。這個“請進來”的活動，展現(xiàn)了法國在急救方面的豐富經(jīng)驗，也豐富了我國醫(yī)學隊伍理論外的知識。

據(jù)悉，由法國中央政府統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導、內(nèi)政部門綜合管理、專業(yè)部門協(xié)同參與、事件處置分級響應(yīng)、重大危機時多部門聯(lián)合應(yīng)對的應(yīng)急管理運作體制，運行良好的院前急救體系稱為法國醫(yī)院前急救醫(yī)學系統(tǒng)的法文縮寫名稱為SAMU。SAMU是一種以醫(yī)師為主的全國性服務(wù)，并且利用?？漆t(yī)師派出及現(xiàn)場急救服務(wù)。

另外，法國國航空醫(yī)學救援體系健全。法國航空醫(yī)學救援體系建立已有超過半世紀，法國有38個航空直升飛機救援中心，幾乎覆蓋法國所有的國土面積。法國是歐洲擁有醫(yī)療直升機最多的國家之一，醫(yī)療直升飛機大量參與創(chuàng)傷患者、胸痛患者和其他醫(yī)療事件的院前急救，是急診醫(yī)療活動的重要組成部分。同時醫(yī)療直升飛機大量參與海上和山地的應(yīng)急救援，積累了豐富的救援經(jīng)驗。法國應(yīng)急與災難醫(yī)學培訓中心設(shè)備先進，師資力量雄厚。主要設(shè)立在重要的醫(yī)學院校附屬醫(yī)院，形成技術(shù)力量雄厚而又有不同側(cè)重的完整體系。

法國在其急救系統(tǒng)擁有高度專業(yè)化、職業(yè)化的應(yīng)急隊伍，加上近年來在大型活動保障和恐怖襲擊應(yīng)對中的經(jīng)驗，這對重慶市乃至全國衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急工作都有借鑒和參考作用。

嘉賓合影

On March 27, The 2nd China (Chongqing)-French Emergency and Disaster Medicine Workshop and the Signing Ceremony of Cooperation Center of China-French Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chongqing was held in The First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, which was sponsored by Chongqing Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission and the French Embassy and hosted by The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University(abbreviated as The First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU).Witnessed jointly by guests including Wu Gang (Vice Chairman of Chongqing Municipal CPPCC), Benoit Sevcik (Counselor of health and social affairs of the French Embassy), Febienne Mansencal (Consul General of Consulate General of France in Chengdu) and Wang Guangcheng (deputy inspector of Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of Chongqing Municipal People’s Government), etc., Maurice Gourdault-Montagne, the French Ambassador to China, formally signed with Sheng Ya’nong, Secretary of Chongqing Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission.

This signing has a positive impact on medical cooperation for Chongqing and France.France will provide the training of health emergency and disaster medicine for the First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU, which will improve the quality and efficiency of health emergency system in Chongqing, promote China-French communications and cooperation in emergency and disaster medicine, as well as support and facilitate the innovation in the organization of health emergency and the operation of emergency department as well as in the appropriate technology.

In February 2017, Febienne Mansencal, Consul General of Consulate General of France in Chengdu, said that the visit to the First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU was one of the important items in her trip to Chongqing when she accepted an exclusive interview by print journalist.This time, she had attended and witnessed the signing of Cooperation Center of China-French Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chongqing, which also confirmed a further step of the China-French friendship and the cooperation in the medical field.

“Center” effect: based on Chongqing to serve West China

The building of “cooperation center” platform is conducive to the launch of “going out and bringing in”.To learn from the French experience in emergency and disaster medicine will improve Chongqing’s health emergency and first aid ability as well as promote the construction of related disciplines.Established in Chongqing, the cooperation center serves the needs of the west in emergency and disaster medicine, which will benefit the consolidation and expansion of influence of Chongqing in the field of emergency and disaster medicine in the west and evennationwide.All of those practices will make Chongqing fully prepared for undertaking the large national and international activities of emergency services and medical security.In the meanwhile, through the “center” platform to expand the China-French cooperation and communication in emergency and disaster medicine could also help to enlarge the comprehensive influence and popularity of Chongqing in France.

It is understood that the communications between the First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU and French medical schools and hospitals have been carried out for 22 years.As a typical representative of China-French medical communication, the results of communication rank second domestically.

According to statistics, 139 doctors in Chongqing have been sent to study and make clinical studies in France; 94 medical students to do clinical practice.Five French ambassadors have visited the hospital.And 133 French experts and professors have given lectures and surgical demonstrations in Chongqing.The First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU is the only hospital in the southwest China to join in the Alliance of China Air First Aid Hospital.Under the framework of China-French cultural exchanges and high-level dialogues and according to the “Implementation plan of health emergency cooperation(2016-2020) of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China and Ministry of Social Affairs and Health of the French Republic”, “Cooperation Center of China-French Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chongqing” is set up jointly relying on the long-term friendly cooperation relationship between Chongqing and France.

The two sides include Chongqing Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission and The First Affiliated Hospital of CQMU.in Chongqing, and medical colleges and universities and medical institutions in France including the Affiliated Hospital of University of Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg and its medical school, the Affiliated Hospital of Toulouse University.According to the cooperation agreement, the two sides will hold a meeting annually to pass the training plan and annual report about emergency and disaster medicine.

On the same day, the 2nd China(Chongqing)-French Workshop of Emergency and Disaster Medicine was also held in Chongqing, which was the academic activity hosted jointly again by Chongqing Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission and the French Embassy since March 2016.This meeting was attended by nearly 20 French experts and scholars of emergency and disaster medicine, representatives from 11 provinces and cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjing, Hubei and Hu’nan, etc.and more than 250 workers from Chongqing municipal health units and 40 rural medical units.The two sides’ experience was shared in the conference around the new challenges in health emergency, management of health emergency, emergency of infectious diseases and etc.The conference would help to learn from the organizational experience of France in emergency and management of first aid, improve the health emergency and first aid ability as well as the management of first aid system of Chongqing, facilitate a further communication of medical staff between China and France and enhance the influence of Chongqing in the field of emergency medicine.

French medical rescue system: professional experience as reference

From November 30, 2016 to December 2, 2016, there were three experts from French Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, French Rhone Helicopter Rescue Center and the 73 District of Pre-hospital Emergency in France in the training class of China-French helicopter emergency medical rescue.A three-day helicopter emergency medical rescue training was conducted on more than 70 students from eight provinces and municipalities in the country through theoretical lectures and field training.The solid training pioneered in southwest China including the theory of helicopter emergency medical rescue, security program of helicopter, the loading and unloading of patients, maritime rescue and mountain rescue and so on.This event of “bringing in” showed the rich experience of France in emergency and also enriched the knowledge besides the medical theory of our medical team.

It is reported that the emergency management system leaded by the French central government, managed comprehensively by the ministry of interior, participated coordinately by professional departments, responded according to the level of events and handled jointly by multi-departments in major crisis, and the well-running pre-hospital emergency system are named as “SAMU”, which is the French abbreviation of pre-hospital emergency medical system.SAMU is a physician-based national service, dispatching the diplomates and providing on-site emergency services.

In addition, the medical rescue system of national aviation in France is also perfect with a history of more than a half century.There are more than 38 rescue centers of aviation helicopter, almost covering all the area of France.As one of the countries who own the most medical helicopters in Europe, the medical helicopters, an important part of the emergency medical activities, have participated in the prehospital emergencies including the trauma patients, the patients with chest pain and other medical events.At the same time, since medical helicopters also have participated in the maritime and mountain rescue, a rich rescue experience is accumulated.The emergency and disaster medical training centers are usually equipped with advance equipment and powerful teachers.They are mainly set up in the affiliated hospitals of medical colleges, forming a complete system with strong technical force and different emphases.

With a highly specialized, professionalized emergency team of emergency system in France, coupled with the experience of protecting the large-scale activities and dealing with the terrorist attacks in recent years, the emergency system in France could be a reference for the health and emergency work in Chongqing and even nationwide.

“Cooperation Center of China-French Emergency and Disaster Medicine in Chongqing” is Set up: The 22-year exchange history between the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and the French medical community

□ Article/Journalist Hu Rui