周建新+王勇+劉紅

摘 要 目的：了解高橋社區(qū)65歲及以上老年人的健康狀況及疾病譜的分布，為進(jìn)一步開展慢性病管理及健康教育工作提供依據(jù)。方法：2015年3月至6月為本轄區(qū)自愿參與的7 001名65歲及以上老年人進(jìn)行免費(fèi)健康體檢，其中男性3 032名（43.3%）；女性3 969名（56.7%）。檢測(cè)內(nèi)容包括血壓、空腹血糖、血脂、肝功能和腎功能等。結(jié)果：共檢出至少一個(gè)指標(biāo)異常的人數(shù)為6 756人，異常率為96.50%，有2種及以上疾病或指標(biāo)異常的老年人占62.79%。檢出的主要疾病或指標(biāo)異常的前4位分別為肥胖或超重、高血壓、糖尿病和血脂異常；女性的糖尿病、血脂異常檢出率均高于男性（P<0.05）；超重或肥胖、高血壓、糖尿病和血脂異常檢出率均有隨年齡增加而下降（P<0.01）。結(jié)論：肥胖或超重、高血壓、糖尿病、血脂異常是老年人最常見的慢性疾病或危險(xiǎn)因素，需進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對(duì)老年人進(jìn)行健康宣教，倡導(dǎo)健康生活方式，尤其是對(duì)年齡較輕的老年人群。

關(guān)鍵詞 老年人；社區(qū)；健康體檢；分析

中圖分類號(hào)：R194.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1006-1533（2017）06-0041-03

Analysis of the physical examination results in the elderly people aged 65 years and above in Gaoqiao Community in Shanghai

ZHOU Jianxin， WANG Yong， LIU Hong

（Gaoqiao Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District， Shanghai 200137， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To find out health status and disease distribution of the elderly people in Gaoqiao Community to provide a basis for promoting chronic disease management and health education work. Methods： From March to June 2015， a physical examination was conducted for 7 001 voluntary participants aged 65 years and above in the community， among of them 3 032（43.3%） were males and 3 969（56.7%） females. The physical examination indicators included blood pressure， fasting blood glucose， blood lipid， liver function and renal function. Results： A total of 6 756 participants had at least a disease or an abnormal indicator and the abnormal detection rate was 96.50%， and the elderly people suffering from 2 or more diseases or abnormal indicators accounted for 62.79%. Major four diseases and abnormal indicators detected were overweight or obesity， hypertension， diabetes and dyslipidemia. The detection rates of diabetes and dyslipidemia were higher in women than in men（P<0.05）. The detection rates of overweight or obesity， hypertension， diabetes and dyslipidemia were all decreased with the increase of age（P<0.01）. Conclusion： Overweight or obesity， hypertension， diabetes and dyslipidemia are the most common chronic diseases and risk factors in the elderly people. It is needed for the elderly people to further strengthen the health education and advocate a healthy lifestyle， especially for the younger elderly.

KEW WORDS elderly people； community； physical examination； analysis

我國已正式步入老齡化社會(huì)，老年人的健康狀況已經(jīng)引起全社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注，本文旨在通過社區(qū)65歲及以上老年人體檢信息，了解高橋社區(qū)65歲及以上老年人的健康狀況及疾病譜分布。

1 資料與方法

1.1 對(duì)象

研究對(duì)象為2015年3月至6月在本中心體檢的本轄區(qū)7 001名年齡在65周歲及以上，且自愿參加體檢的老年人。其中男性3 032名（43.3%），平均年齡（72.81±6.81）歲，女性3 969名（56.7%），平均年齡（74.01±7.59）歲。