□ 文/本刊記者 甘泉

廣西北海：發(fā)揮空港優(yōu)勢(shì)，感受“飛”樣發(fā)展

□ 文/本刊記者 甘泉

隨著廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)開放開發(fā)上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，作為中國(guó)西部唯一沿海開放城市、廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)唯一擁有機(jī)場(chǎng)的沿海城市，廣西北海充分利用空港優(yōu)勢(shì)資源，在航空市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)域不斷探索，航空業(yè)迅速崛起。

2014年，北海機(jī)場(chǎng)旅客吞吐量突破百萬(wàn)人次大關(guān)，晉級(jí)航空客運(yùn)百萬(wàn)大港行列。到2016年，旅客吞吐量達(dá)到123.4萬(wàn)人次，同比增長(zhǎng)14.4%；完成貨郵吞吐量4654.5噸，同比增長(zhǎng)13.4%，北海機(jī)場(chǎng)年吞吐量再創(chuàng)歷史新高，鎖定廣西機(jī)場(chǎng)前三位置。

總結(jié)成績(jī)，北海航空業(yè)是如何一步步成長(zhǎng)的？面對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)，北海航空業(yè)又將如何發(fā)力，再創(chuàng)新高呢？

培育航空市場(chǎng) 搭建“空中金橋”

北海機(jī)場(chǎng)1987年3月正式投入運(yùn)營(yíng)后，旅客吞吐量逐年增加。然而在2001年至2007年期間，北海航空業(yè)受中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)航空公司戰(zhàn)略布局調(diào)整等諸多因素影響，呈現(xiàn)斷崖式下降。2007年旅客吞吐量?jī)H為19.5萬(wàn)人次，直飛航線僅有4條，通航城市只有5個(gè)，成為制約北海經(jīng)濟(jì)和旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的瓶頸。

不過，隨著北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)開放開發(fā)上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，投資熱潮奔涌而來(lái)。北海市果斷搶抓機(jī)遇，把培育航空市場(chǎng)作為擴(kuò)大對(duì)外開放、改善投資環(huán)境的重要舉措。北海市于2007年出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于培育北海航空市場(chǎng)有關(guān)問題的指導(dǎo)意見》，成立了北海市培育航空市場(chǎng)工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，設(shè)立了航線培育專項(xiàng)資金，用于扶持新增國(guó)際航線、國(guó)內(nèi)干線和支線航班的市場(chǎng)規(guī)劃、開拓和培育。

據(jù)悉，北海市財(cái)政從2008年開始安排航空市場(chǎng)培育資金，目前，每年安排的航空市場(chǎng)培育資金已達(dá)4500萬(wàn)元；從2009年起，廣西機(jī)場(chǎng)集團(tuán)同步配套安排培育資金。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，截至2016年10月10日，北海市本級(jí)和上級(jí)財(cái)政累計(jì)投入培航專項(xiàng)資金約3.85億元。

有了政府政策和資金的扶持，北海機(jī)場(chǎng)的軟硬件設(shè)施得到不斷完善，北海航空市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入了快速發(fā)展的黃金時(shí)期，北海航空業(yè)也由“輸血”向“造血”功能轉(zhuǎn)化。截至目前，北海機(jī)場(chǎng)執(zhí)飛航空公司12家，航線20條，25個(gè)通航點(diǎn)，每周250個(gè)班次，每天平均可利用座位數(shù)5098個(gè)。形成了“溝通南北、輻射西部、連接華東、通達(dá)海外”的航線網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局，初步搭建了四通八達(dá)的“空中金橋”，為中國(guó)各地來(lái)北海投資建設(shè)、觀光旅游、休閑度假、商務(wù)會(huì)談的旅客提供了更加便捷的空中通道，有力地提升了北海對(duì)外開放形象。

騰飛的不止航空業(yè)

2016年冬春換季后，各航空公司更認(rèn)可北海作為旅游目的地市場(chǎng)的定位，充分利用北海得天獨(dú)厚的“候鳥”反季節(jié)旅游資源，將“候鳥”旅游計(jì)劃落到實(shí)處，并打造北海季節(jié)性的老年人的“候鳥游”、“暖冬游”等特色產(chǎn)品。據(jù)北海機(jī)場(chǎng)公司副總經(jīng)理周衛(wèi)東介紹，目前北海機(jī)場(chǎng)的航線已經(jīng)全面覆蓋東北三省，華東地區(qū)等客源充足的地區(qū)，在2017年春運(yùn)期間，這些地區(qū)來(lái)北海越冬的“候鳥型”游客也大大增加。

南方航空廣西分公司北海營(yíng)業(yè)部經(jīng)理侯民告訴記者，通過實(shí)施“機(jī)場(chǎng)+旅行社+航空公司”的開發(fā)策略，北海的旅游市場(chǎng)日趨火熱，加上2016年面向華東地區(qū)的成功旅游推介，使得在外地游客心目中，北海的口碑越來(lái)越好。而奧凱航空負(fù)責(zé)人則透露，該公司自2016年11月5日起執(zhí)飛的天津至北海航線，現(xiàn)在每趟航班上座率超過90%。而哈爾濱、沈陽(yáng)、長(zhǎng)春、北京、天津、石家莊等北方城市到北海的航線上座率均保持高位。

機(jī)場(chǎng)拉近了時(shí)空距離，對(duì)改善地區(qū)投資環(huán)境起著不可替代的作用。北海航線的增加，改善了北海的投資環(huán)境，使北海完備了公、鐵、水、空綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系，給物流運(yùn)輸、客商考察帶來(lái)極大的便利，顯著增強(qiáng)了對(duì)外資的吸引力，有利于承接中國(guó)沿海發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移。

廣東商人林鎮(zhèn)偉就是北海航空業(yè)發(fā)展的受益者之一。2010年，他利用北海出口加工區(qū)保稅物流功能，在廣西率先開始國(guó)外高檔紅酒進(jìn)口業(yè)務(wù)?！昂娇諛I(yè)的不斷發(fā)展，我受益很大?！绷宙?zhèn)偉說，貫通東西南北中的北海航班不僅節(jié)省了物流成本，還讓搭機(jī)而來(lái)的客商和游客直接同他有了生意往來(lái)，他的公司也成為廣西高檔紅酒進(jìn)口最多的公司。

此外，北海市圍繞珠三角、長(zhǎng)三角等中國(guó)先進(jìn)電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)基地，開通或加密上海、深圳、南京、杭州等航線航班，加快人流、物流、資金的流動(dòng)，進(jìn)而吸引更多實(shí)力雄厚的電子科技型企業(yè)落戶北海。如今，電子信息已成為北海首個(gè)千億元產(chǎn)業(yè)，產(chǎn)值占據(jù)該行業(yè)廣西半壁江山。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，北海航空業(yè)發(fā)展最快的“十二五”期間，北海市累計(jì)招商引資實(shí)際到位資金1751.6億元，外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口額年均增長(zhǎng)22%。2016年，北海多項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)繼續(xù)位列廣西前列，其中財(cái)政收入增幅、規(guī)模以上工業(yè)生產(chǎn)總值增幅雙雙領(lǐng)跑廣西。

具有“寶石胸針”美稱的北海機(jī)場(chǎng)

北海機(jī)場(chǎng)致力于安全生產(chǎn)和服務(wù)保障的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)和改造

新常態(tài)下的新征程

當(dāng)前，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，較為發(fā)達(dá)的東部傳統(tǒng)市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)放緩，中西部地區(qū)市場(chǎng)呈現(xiàn)快速崛起的跡象，廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)位的優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯。西部地區(qū)以及一些具有增長(zhǎng)潛力的支線機(jī)場(chǎng)成為航空公司特別是中小航空公司投放運(yùn)力的首選；另外，隨著國(guó)家的高鐵網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋面積加大，短途的民航航線客流量嚴(yán)重分流，南寧、桂林等地區(qū)至北海動(dòng)車組加密運(yùn)行，造成部分短途航線航班客流量下降，部分航線航班不得不停飛。

面對(duì)這些新情況，北海市培育航空市場(chǎng)工作小組積極聯(lián)系航空公司，探討優(yōu)化航線網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局，完善航空主業(yè)營(yíng)銷辦法，尋求對(duì)策，引進(jìn)更多航空公司參與北海市場(chǎng)運(yùn)營(yíng)。

2016年12月27日，南航廣西分公司總經(jīng)理劉安德宣布，北海營(yíng)業(yè)部正式升格為北海基地。南航此次的“升級(jí)”，將對(duì)飛行保障、管理拓展、降低飛機(jī)“過夜”成本等方面有積極意義。利用南航廣西公司北海基地設(shè)立的良好機(jī)遇，北海機(jī)場(chǎng)繼續(xù)爭(zhēng)取增加運(yùn)力投放；開發(fā)周邊腹地航空市場(chǎng)資源，以及重點(diǎn)拓展西北航空市場(chǎng)。這將為北海航空客貨運(yùn)輸提供更豐富優(yōu)質(zhì)的選擇，助推廣西泛北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)圈和“一帶一路”建設(shè)。

此外，北海航空業(yè)還充分發(fā)揮北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)臨近東盟的先天優(yōu)勢(shì)，加大東盟國(guó)家國(guó)際航線的拓展。2016年11月2日，北海開通了至曼谷的國(guó)際航線，而這也是北海開通的第一條國(guó)際航線。眼下，北海機(jī)場(chǎng)將在2017年?duì)幦〖用芄枮I—北?！?，新開通長(zhǎng)春—北海—暹粒等國(guó)際航線，盡快將北海機(jī)場(chǎng)升級(jí)為國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)，迎勢(shì)而上，“飛”出新高度。

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China has taken the development of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone (hereinafter referred to as GBGEZ) as one of its national strategies. Against the backdrop, Beihai, the sole open seaside city with airport in both GBGEZ and western China, has been steadily exploring the market of airline businesses.

In 2014, the passenger throughput of Baihai’s Fucheng Airport exceeded one million. Two years later, this amount stood at approximately 1.23 million, a year-on-year increase of 14.4 percent; moreover, the cargo throughput increased to roughly 4,655 tons, representing 13.4-percent growth.

An exceptional airline market

The passenger throughput of Fucheng Airport continues to rise annually since its offi cial operation in March 1987; however, it was on a sharp decrease because of adverse impacts caused by China’s domestic airlines’ strategic adjustments, particularly in 2007.

To address this tough issue, a work leading group was set up for the development of Beihai’s airline market in 2007, followed by a special fund for airline routes such as newlyincreased international ones, domestic main ones, etc.

As of now, there are a total of 12 direct-flight airlines gaining access to Fucheng Airport, with 20 airlines routes, 25 navigation terminals, 250 flights in a week and 5,098 seats available per day.

Booming local tourism

Currently, Beihai has been recognized as an ideal destination by tourists who often hibernate to Southern China. Fucheng Airport’s airline routes have covered three provinces in the northeast of China, namely Heihongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning, as well as provinces in the east. According to Okay Airways Co., Ltd., a Chinese civil airline, the attendance of each of its direct fl ights from Tianjin to Beihai is higher than 90 percent, which is almost the same to the ones from Beihai to other northern cities such as Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang.

For instance, a Cantonese businessperson named Lin Zhenwei said that he had benefi ted a lot from the booming industry, when talking about conveniences brought by the development of Beihai’s airline industry. In 2010, by virtue of the bonded logistics provided by Beihai Export Processing Zone, he was the fi rst one who got involved in the import of high-end wines in Guangxi. Now, his company has evolved into the largest one of its kind.

In addition, Beihai has opened or increased the fl ights from Beihai to Shanghai, Shenzhen, Nanjing and Hangzhou, etc., which are major cities in the Pearl River Delta or the Yangtze River Delta. By doing so, marked progress has been made in the flow of personnel, logistics and capital, attracting more large-scale scientific and technological enterprises to set up their branches there. At present, electronic information industry has developed into the largest one among industries in Beihai.

A new normal development

China’s economy has entered a new normal: The economic growth of China’s eastern area slows down, but a sharp rise of the western area is becoming evident, particularly in GBGEZ. Given this, Chinese airlines, especially smalland medium-sized ones, make the airports in western China their top priority.

Mr. Liu Ande, general manager of China Southern Airlines (Guangxi Branch), announced that their division of business in Beihai had been upgraded as a base on December 27, 2016, improving flight services, management and so on. Taking the construction project as an opportunity, Fucheng Airport is committed to enhancing its transport capacity and making use of airport-oriented resources in its surrounding areas. All this will make the airport more competitive in transport of passengers and cargos, and will advance the building of both the Belt and Road and GBGEZ.

Furthermore, GBGEZ shares the border with the ASEAN region geographically, so efforts are being made to increase the international fl ights to ASEAN countries. For example, the fl ight from Beihai to Bangkok began to be available on November 2, 2016. It is said that Fucheng Airport is striving to open more Haerbin-Beihai-Bangkok fl ights, and to make the Changchun-Beihai-Siem Reap fl ight accessible.

Guangxi’s Beihai Unleashes Its Potential for Airport

Written by Gan Quan / Translated by Xu Zhiliang