龔磊　陳慈明

寫作策略：主題拓展法

文字提綱式半開放作文通常所給文字信息不多，通常僅給出主要話題。針對這種情況，同學(xué)們應(yīng)學(xué)會根據(jù)文章的行文走向，結(jié)合所給題目中包含的幾大方面適當(dāng)拓展，以達到增加細節(jié)，充實文章的目的。

例1 假設(shè)你是李華，剛進入高三學(xué)習(xí)。你的好友John寫信詢問你的近況，請你給他寫一封回信。內(nèi)容包括以下幾個方面：學(xué)習(xí)、生活、計劃。

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右（開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）。

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear John，

Im very glad to receive your letter

Yours，

Li Hua

步驟1 仔細審題

本篇作文所給提示不多，但所給回信中應(yīng)該包含以下三個方面的信息：學(xué)習(xí)、生活、計劃。

步驟2 根據(jù)題意，優(yōu)化造句

可以從三個主體句適當(dāng)拓展，形成完成作文需要的內(nèi)容。

我努力學(xué)習(xí)，進步很大。

普通表達：I study hard and have made great progress in my study.

高級表達：Determined to catch up with my classmates， I am buried in what Im learning and listen to the class attentively， making great progress and winning a scholarship.

我尊敬老師，團結(jié)同學(xué)。

普通表達：In my daily life， I respect teachers and get along well with classmates.

高級表達： Having adapted myself to the new environment， I take colorful activities actively， which is highly thought of by my respected teachers and easy-going classmates. Besides， as monitor， Im willing to serve my classmates heart and soul， which helps me gain precious friendship treasured by me so much.

今后我要繼續(xù)努力，爭取取得更大的進步。

普通表達：In the future， I will study hard to make greater progress.

高級表達： With the dream of being admitted to a key university in mind， I， well-prepared to face any challenge， have made up my mind to grasp the valuable opportunity to gain as much knowledge as possible. Only in this way can I make greater progress and broaden my horizons.

在我們拓展句子時，有不少高級的表達方式可供我們選用，例如以下語法結(jié)構(gòu)和句型：非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、被動語態(tài)、復(fù)合句、倒裝句、with結(jié)構(gòu)、強調(diào)句、雙重否定句、虛擬語氣等。同學(xué)們可以適當(dāng)使用，從而提高作文質(zhì)量，增加亮點。

步驟3 添加銜接，連句成文

英語作文中，句與句、段與段之間，缺少必要的銜接詞語會使文章顯得結(jié)構(gòu)松散，前后關(guān)系不清，影響文章的流暢性和完整性。根據(jù)英語銜接詞的特點，我們可以重點掌握一些，并常換常新。

起：first of all，to begin/start with，in the first place， first and foremost ...

承：second（ly），furthermore，moreover，in addition，whats more，besides ...

轉(zhuǎn)：but，however，on the contrary，nonetheless，in contrast/comparison，nevertheless ...

合：hence，therefore，in conclusion，to conclude，in a word，last but not least ...

插入語：that is to say，to a certain extent，to some degree，as a matter of fact ...

范文

Frankly speaking， I had some difficulty in my study at the very start. Determined to catch up with my classmates， I am buried in what Im learning—nine subjects and listen to the class attentively， making great progress and winning a scholarship.

Whats more， having adapted myself to the new environment， I take part in colorful activities actively， which is highly thought of by my respected teachers and easy-going classmates. Besides， as monitor， Im willing to serve my classmates heart and soul， which helps me gain precious friendship treasured by me so much.

All in all， with the dream of being admitted to a key university in mind， I， well-prepared to face any challenge， have made up my mind to grasp the valuable opportunity to gain as much knowledge as possible. Only in this way can I make greater progress and broaden my horizons.