張花治 金智生 劉瑩 頡瑞萍
摘要:目的 觀察紅芪多糖(HPS)對(duì)糖尿病大鼠視網(wǎng)膜血小板反應(yīng)蛋白-1(TSP-1)和血小板源性生長(zhǎng)因子-B(PDGF-B)表達(dá)的影響,探討其對(duì)糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變的保護(hù)作用及可能機(jī)制。方法 采用鏈脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立糖尿病模型。雄性Wistar大鼠隨機(jī)分為模型組、多貝斯組和HPS高、中、低劑量組,另設(shè)正常組,每組10只。各給藥組給予相應(yīng)藥物灌胃,模型組和正常組給予等量生理鹽水灌胃,1次/d,連續(xù)8周。qRT-PCR和免疫組化檢測(cè)TSP-1和PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達(dá);HE染色鏡下觀察視網(wǎng)膜的結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)果 模型組視網(wǎng)膜各層結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、完整,但外核層疏松變薄、排列紊亂,神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞數(shù)量稍減少;各給藥組較模型組明顯好轉(zhuǎn)。與正常組比較,模型組視網(wǎng)膜TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)明顯降低(P<0.01),PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)明顯升高(P<0.01);與模型組比較,各給藥組TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)明顯升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)明顯降低(P<0.01);HPS高劑量組與其余給藥組比較,TSP-1和PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,P<0.01)。結(jié)論 HPS可能通過升高糖尿病大鼠視網(wǎng)膜組織TSP-1的表達(dá)和降低PDGF-B的表達(dá)來阻遏糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變進(jìn)程中新生血管生成及增殖,從而起到保護(hù)視網(wǎng)膜的作用。
關(guān)鍵詞:糖尿?。灰暰W(wǎng)膜;紅芪多糖;血小板反應(yīng)蛋白-1;血小板源性生長(zhǎng)因子-B;大鼠
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.03.010
中圖分類號(hào):R285.5 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1005-5304(2017)03-0038-05
Effects of Hedysari Polysaccharide on Expressions of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in Retina of Diabetic Rats ZHANG Hua-zhi1, JIN Zhi-sheng1, LIU Ying1, JIE Rui-ping2, ZHAO Jian-mei1, GAO Yan2 (1. Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730020, China)
Abstract: Objective To observe the effects of Hedysari Polysaccharide (HPS) on the expressions of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in the retina of diabetic rats; To discuss the protective effect and possible mechanism on diabetic retinopathy. Methods The diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 50 male SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: model group, calcium dobesilate group, and HPS high-, medium-, and low-dose group, extra 10 rats were set as the normal group, 10 rats in each group. Each administration group was given relevant medicine for gavage, while model group and normal control group were given same amount NS for gavage, once a day for 8 weeks. The mRNA and protein expression of TSP-1 and PDGF-B were detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The retinal structure was observed by HE staining. Results HE staining showed that each layer of the retina of the model group was clear and complete, but the outer nucleus layer became looser, thinner and more disorderly, and the number of ganglion cells decreased slightly; the administration groups were improved markedly compared with the model group. Compared with the normal control group, the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 on the model group dramatically dropped (P<0.01), and those of PDGF-B strikingly increased (P<0.01); Compared with the model group, the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 on all
基金項(xiàng)目:國家自然科學(xué)基金地區(qū)基金(81360538);甘肅省青年科技基金計(jì)劃(145RJYA297)
administration groups rose (P<0.05, P<0.01), and those of PDGF-B went down (P<0.01); Compared with all other administration groups, there was statistical significance in the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 and PDGF-B on HPS high-dose group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion HPS may prevent the angiogenesis and proliferation in diabetic retinopathy process through adjusting the content of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in retina of diabetic rats so as to protect the retina.
Key words: diabetes mellitus; retina; Hedysari Polysaccharide; TSP-1; PDGF-B; rats
糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病嚴(yán)重的微血管并發(fā)癥之一,以視網(wǎng)膜微血管的閉塞及滲出為主要特征,是目前成人首要的致盲原因之一[1],也是全球中老年人視力下降的主要原因[2]。病理性血管新生是其發(fā)生的重要病理改變。相關(guān)研究表明,血小板反應(yīng)蛋白-1(thrombospondin-l,TSP-1)與血小板源性生長(zhǎng)因子-B(platelet-derived growth factor-B,PDGF-B)與新生血管的形成密切相關(guān)[3-4],TSP-1被公認(rèn)為是一種有效的內(nèi)源性血管生成抑制因子,是第一個(gè)被證實(shí)可發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用的天然血管生成抑制劑[5]。PDGF-B廣泛存在于發(fā)育中的血管,能夠促進(jìn)微血管周細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng),保持微血管的正常功能和穩(wěn)定性[6],可作為DR早期診斷及病程進(jìn)展的檢測(cè)指標(biāo)[7]。前期研究表明,紅芪多糖(Hedysari Polysaccharide,HPS)可通過降低糖尿病大鼠和db/db小鼠視網(wǎng)膜上新生血管內(nèi)皮生長(zhǎng)因子(VEGF)的表達(dá),降低血管通透性,起到保護(hù)視網(wǎng)膜的作用[8-9]。
本研究采用qRT-PCR和免疫組化方法觀察HPS對(duì)糖尿病大鼠視網(wǎng)膜TSP-1、PDGF-B表達(dá)的影響,進(jìn)一步探討HPS對(duì)DR進(jìn)程中新生血管的生成與增殖的影響及可能的作用機(jī)制。
1 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料
1.1 動(dòng)物
SPF級(jí)Wistar大鼠60只,雌雄各半,8周齡,體質(zhì)量180~220 g,甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)SPF級(jí)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心,動(dòng)物許可證號(hào)SCXK(甘)2011-0001。飼養(yǎng)于甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)SPF級(jí)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)飼料喂養(yǎng),自由飲水,室溫23~25 ℃,濕度50%~70%,實(shí)驗(yàn)前適應(yīng)性喂養(yǎng)1周。
1.2 藥物
鏈脲佐菌素(STZ),Sigma公司;HPS,甘肅中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)藥學(xué)院邵晶副教授進(jìn)行藥物鑒定并提取,純度為87.44%;羥苯磺酸鈣膠囊(多貝斯),西安利君制藥有限責(zé)任公司,批號(hào)14050056。
1.3 主要試劑與儀器
TSP-1鼠抗人多克隆抗體(批號(hào)bS-2715R)、兔抗人PDGF-B多克隆抗體(批號(hào)bS-0185R),北京博奧森生物技術(shù)有限公司;DAB顯色試劑盒(批號(hào)K155615B)、兔SP檢測(cè)試劑盒(批號(hào)15155A11),北京中杉金橋生物技術(shù)有限公司;總RNA提取試劑盒Ⅱ(批號(hào)R6934-01),OMEGA公司;TranScriptor cDNA第一鏈合成試劑盒(批號(hào)10842320),Roche公司;2×GreenStar PCR MasterMix(批號(hào)1418J),BIONEER公司;TSP-1上游引物5'-CTCTGATG GTGATGGCCGAG-3',下游引物5'- ATGGCGGACAA CCCAGTTAG-3',產(chǎn)物長(zhǎng)度184 bp;PDGF-B上游引物5'-ATGACCCGAGCACATTCTGG-3,下游引物5'- ACACCTCTGTACGCGTCTTG-3,產(chǎn)物長(zhǎng)度121 bp;以β-actin作為內(nèi)參照,上游引物5'-GAGGGAAA TCCTGCGTGAC-3',下游引物5'-GGAGCCAGGC CAGTAATC-3',產(chǎn)物長(zhǎng)度246 bp;One Touch血糖測(cè)定儀(美國強(qiáng)生Lifescan公司,型號(hào)穩(wěn)豪倍優(yōu)),臺(tái)式高速冷凍離心機(jī)(上海天美生化儀器設(shè)備,型號(hào)CT14RD),掌上離心機(jī)(美國SCILOGEX 公司,型號(hào)D1008),微量電動(dòng)組織勻漿器(Tiangen公司,型號(hào)OSE-Y10),超微量紫外分析儀(美國Quawell公司,型號(hào)Q5000),RT-PCR熱循環(huán)儀(美國ABI公司,型號(hào)7500),冰箱(青島海爾股份有限公司,型號(hào)BCD-29W),光學(xué)顯微鏡(日本OLYMPUS公司,型號(hào)U-LH100HG)。
2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
2.1 造模
造模前對(duì)大鼠進(jìn)行全身及眼部檢查以排除原發(fā)性疾病。隨機(jī)選取50只大鼠,禁食12 h,30 mg/kg STZ腹腔注射,連續(xù)3 d,72 h后尾靜脈取血檢測(cè)血糖,空腹血糖>16.7 mmol/L者即為糖尿病大鼠模型。造模后1周,復(fù)測(cè)空腹血糖,空腹血糖>16.7 mmol/L即為造模成功。另外10只腹腔注入等量檸檬酸鈉緩沖液,72 h后測(cè)量空腹血糖均<5.6 mmol/L,設(shè)為正常組。