王萬虹,史 波,丁 浩,周 浩,張榮林
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·論著·
中性粒細(xì)胞/淋巴細(xì)胞比值與非ST段抬高型急性冠脈綜合征的關(guān)系研究
王萬虹,史 波,丁 浩,周 浩,張榮林
目的 探討中性粒細(xì)胞/淋巴細(xì)胞比值(NLR)與非ST段抬高型急性冠脈綜合征(NSTE-ACS)的關(guān)系。方法 選取2011年5月—2014年8月南京鼓樓醫(yī)院集團(tuán)宿遷市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科收治的NSTE-ACS患者126例,根據(jù)NLR分為低危組(NLR≤2.6)38例、中危組(2.6
冠心??;淋巴細(xì)胞;中性粒細(xì)胞;預(yù)后
王萬虹,史波,丁浩,等.中性粒細(xì)胞/淋巴細(xì)胞比值與非ST段抬高型急性冠脈綜合征的關(guān)系研究[J].實(shí)用心腦肺血管病雜志,2016,24(10):11-14,18.[www.syxnf.net]
WANG W H,SHI B,DING H,et al.Relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome[J].Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease,2016,24(10):11-14,18.
急性冠脈綜合征是由于冠狀動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化斑塊不穩(wěn)定導(dǎo)致急性血栓形成,最終造成局部血管閉塞不通的臨床綜合征,臨床上以非ST段抬高型急性冠脈綜合征(NSTE-ACS)為主。大量研究表明,炎性反應(yīng)在急性冠脈綜合征的發(fā)生發(fā)展中具有重要作用,白細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)與冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病患者的預(yù)后關(guān)系密切[1-3]。淋巴細(xì)胞和中性粒細(xì)胞是機(jī)體主要的炎性細(xì)胞,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中性粒細(xì)胞/淋巴細(xì)胞比值(NLR)作為新的炎性指標(biāo),與冠心病患者病情進(jìn)展、支架置入后心源性死亡發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、急性冠脈綜合征遠(yuǎn)期病死率等密切相關(guān)[4-5]。目前,有關(guān)NLR對(duì)NSTE-ACS患者預(yù)后影響的研究報(bào)道較少。本研究旨在分析NLR與NSTE-ACS的關(guān)系,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1.1 一般資料 選取2011年5月—2014年8月南京鼓樓醫(yī)院集團(tuán)宿遷市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科收治的NSTE-ACS患者126例。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)年齡18~60歲;(2)符合2007年美國心臟病學(xué)會(huì)/美國心臟協(xié)會(huì)(ACC/AHA)發(fā)布的NSTE-ACS診斷和治療指南中NSTE-ACS的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[6];(3)冠狀動(dòng)脈造影示至少有1支冠狀動(dòng)脈狹窄>50%。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)確診為穩(wěn)定型心絞痛或ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者;(2)存在急性感染、自身免疫性疾病、血液疾病、腦血管疾病及腫瘤患者;(3)存在嚴(yán)重肝、腎功能不全患者;(4)近期使用過類固醇類藥物患者;(5)近3個(gè)月內(nèi)行心臟外科或介入術(shù)患者。根據(jù)NLR將所有患者分為低危組(NLR≤2.6)38例、中危組(2.6
1.2 資料收集方法
1.2.1 臨床資料 收集所有患者的臨床資料,包括性別、年齡、糖尿病發(fā)生情況、高血壓發(fā)生情況、心率(HR)。糖尿?。嚎崭寡恰?.0 mmol/L或餐后2 h血糖≥11.1 mmol/L;高血壓:未應(yīng)用降壓藥物情況下,收縮壓≥140 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)和/或舒張壓≥90 mm Hg。
1.2.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查 采集患者清晨空腹靜脈血5 ml,3 000 r/min離心4 min,取血清待測(cè),采用羅氏cobas 8000全自動(dòng)生化分析儀檢測(cè)總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)、肌酐、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)、肌鈣蛋白I水平;采用日本SYSMEX XS-800i全自動(dòng)血液分析儀測(cè)算NLR。
1.2.3 冠狀動(dòng)脈病變程度 心功能分級(jí)[6]:Ⅰ級(jí):患者有心臟病,但體力活動(dòng)不受限;Ⅱ級(jí)(輕度心力衰竭):患者體力活動(dòng)輕度受限,休息時(shí)無自覺癥狀;Ⅲ級(jí)(中度心力衰竭):患者體力活動(dòng)明顯受限,休息時(shí)無癥狀,輕于平時(shí)一般體力活動(dòng)即引起癥狀;Ⅳ級(jí)(重度心力衰竭):不能從事任何體力活動(dòng),休息時(shí)亦有心力衰竭癥狀,體力活動(dòng)后加重。根據(jù)冠狀動(dòng)脈造影檢查結(jié)果,采用SYNTAX評(píng)分評(píng)估患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變程度:0~22分為輕度,23~32分為中度,≥33分為重度[7];采用全球急性冠狀動(dòng)脈事件注冊(cè)(GRACE)評(píng)分評(píng)估患者預(yù)后[8]。
2.1 一般資料 3組患者性別、糖尿病發(fā)生率及TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG、肌酐、CRP比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);3組患者年齡、高血壓發(fā)生率、HR、肌鈣蛋白I、心功能分級(jí)、SYNTAX評(píng)分、GRACE評(píng)分比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見表1)。
2.2 單因素logistic回歸分析 根據(jù)臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)將上述指標(biāo)中可能對(duì)NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度有影響的指標(biāo)納入單因素logistic回歸分析,結(jié)果顯示,年齡、高血壓、NLR、心功能分級(jí)可能是NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度的影響因素(P<0.05,見表2)。
2.3 多因素logistic回歸分析 依據(jù)單因素logistic回歸分析結(jié)果,將有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異的指標(biāo)〔年齡(賦值:實(shí)測(cè)值)、高血壓(賦值:無=0,有=1)、NLR(賦值:低危=1,中危=2,高危=3)、心功能分級(jí)(賦值:Ⅰ級(jí)=1,Ⅱ級(jí)=2,Ⅲ級(jí)=3,Ⅳ級(jí)=4)〕作為自變量,以NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度(賦值:輕度=0,中度=1,重度=2)作為因變量進(jìn)行多因素logistic回歸分析,結(jié)果顯示,年齡、高血壓、NLR、心功能分級(jí)是NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度的影響因素(P<0.05,見表3)。
表2 NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度影響因素的單因素logistic回歸分析
表3 NSTE-ACS例患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度影響因素的多因素logistic回歸分析
表1 3組患者一般資料比較
2.4 相關(guān)性分析 Pearson相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,NLR與SYNTAX評(píng)分和GRACE評(píng)分呈正相關(guān)(r值分別為0.543、0.495,P<0.05)。
2.5 ROC曲線 NLR預(yù)測(cè)NSTE-ACS患者預(yù)后的ROC曲線下面積為0.669〔95%CI(0.577,0.761)〕,當(dāng)其為3.14時(shí),靈敏度為53.0%,特異度為71.5%(見圖1)。
圖1 NLR預(yù)測(cè)NSTE-ACS患者預(yù)后的ROC曲線
目前,NSTE-ACS的發(fā)病機(jī)制尚未完全明確,由于患者臨床癥狀常不典型,心電圖無特異性表現(xiàn),導(dǎo)致患者發(fā)生嚴(yán)重心血管不良事件的概率明顯升高,故評(píng)估NSTE-ACS患者病變嚴(yán)重程度、選擇最佳的治療方案對(duì)降低患者復(fù)發(fā)率及病死率具有重要意義。近年來,隨著臨床對(duì)炎性反應(yīng)在冠心病發(fā)生、發(fā)展過程中作用的深入研究,中性粒細(xì)胞、淋巴細(xì)胞逐漸受到臨床重視。
研究表明,白細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)與NSTE-ACS患者病情進(jìn)展有關(guān)[9]。當(dāng)機(jī)體發(fā)生嚴(yán)重應(yīng)激反應(yīng)時(shí),腎上腺分泌的皮質(zhì)醇水平增加,皮質(zhì)醇具有調(diào)節(jié)白細(xì)胞的功能,可明顯升高中性粒細(xì)胞水平,降低淋巴細(xì)胞水平[10]。OMMEN等[11]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),淋巴細(xì)胞分?jǐn)?shù)降低可作為預(yù)測(cè)重癥心力衰竭患者生存率的重要指標(biāo)。NLR是評(píng)估急性冠脈綜合征患者預(yù)后的重要指標(biāo),其可預(yù)測(cè)心血管不良事件的發(fā)生[12]。目前,有關(guān)NLR對(duì)NSTE-ACS患者預(yù)后影響的研究報(bào)道較少。中性粒細(xì)胞主要參與非特異性炎性反應(yīng),可分泌多種炎性遞質(zhì),造成冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞損傷,進(jìn)而加重心肌細(xì)胞損傷[13]。淋巴細(xì)胞主要參與機(jī)體免疫調(diào)節(jié)過程,臨床工作中發(fā)現(xiàn)NSTE-ACS患者的淋巴細(xì)胞分?jǐn)?shù)呈不同程度下降,可能與內(nèi)源性皮質(zhì)醇升高介導(dǎo)的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)有關(guān)[14-15]。NLR是中心粒細(xì)胞與淋巴細(xì)胞整合的單一預(yù)測(cè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子,其可能是NSTE-ACS患者預(yù)后的重要預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)。SYNTAX評(píng)分是一種精確量化的客觀評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),可用于評(píng)價(jià)冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度,還可預(yù)測(cè)冠心病患者預(yù)后。ACC/AHA最新發(fā)布的NSTE-ACS治療指南中推薦采用GRACE評(píng)分評(píng)估NSTE-ACS患者預(yù)后。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,3組患者性別、糖尿病發(fā)生率、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG、肌酐、CRP間無差異,3組患者年齡、高血壓發(fā)生率、HR、肌鈣蛋白I、心功能分級(jí)、SYNTAX評(píng)分、GRACE評(píng)分間有差異;多因素logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,年齡、高血壓、NLR、心功能分級(jí)是NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度的影響因素;Pearson相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,NLR與SYNTAX評(píng)分和GRACE評(píng)分呈正相關(guān),與相關(guān)研究結(jié)果一致[16-17]。提示NLR可在一定程度上評(píng)估NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度及預(yù)測(cè)患者預(yù)后。
綜上所述,NLR可在一定程度上評(píng)估NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度及預(yù)測(cè)患者預(yù)后,臨床工作者可通過NLR細(xì)化NSTE-ACS患者的危險(xiǎn)分層。但本研究樣本量小,需擴(kuò)大樣本量進(jìn)行多中心研究以進(jìn)一步證實(shí)。
作者貢獻(xiàn):王萬虹、史波進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施、資料收集整理、撰寫論文、成文并對(duì)文章負(fù)責(zé);丁浩、周浩進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施、評(píng)估、資料收集;張榮林進(jìn)行質(zhì)量控制及審校。
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(本文編輯:李潔晨)
Relationship between Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Non ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
WANGWan-hong,SHIBo,DINGHao,ZHOUHao,ZHANGRong-lin.DepartmentofCardiology,SuqianPeople′sHospitalofNanjingGulouHospitalGroup,Suqian223800,China
ZHANGRong-lin,DepartmentofCardiology,SuqianPeople′sHospitalofNanjingGulouHospitalGroup,Suqian223800,China;E-mail:zhangronglin2004@hotmail.com
Objective To investigate the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome(NSTE-ACS).Methods From May 2011 to August 2014,a total of 126 patients with NSTE-ACS were selected in the Department of Cardiology,Suqian People′s Hospital of Nanjing Gulou Hospital Group,and they were divided into A group(with NLR equal or below 2.6,n=38),B group(with NLR over 2.6 but equal or below 4.5,n=46)and C group(with NLR over 4.5,n=42)according to the NLR.Clinical data was collected,univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted;correlations between NLR and SYNTAX score,GRACE score were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis;ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value on prognosis of patients with NSTE-ACS.Results No statistically significant differences of gender,positive rate of diabetes history,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,TG,Cr or CRP was found among the three groups(P>0.05),while there were statistically significant differences of age,positive rate of hypertension history,HR,cTnI,cardiac functional grading,SYNTAX score,GRACE score(P<0.05).Univariate logistic regression analysis results showed that,age〔OR=1.629,95%CI(1.071,2.409)〕,hypertension〔OR=1.212,95%CI(1.006,1.617)〕,NLR〔OR=1.340,95%CI(1.212,1.460)〕and cardiac functional grading〔OR=1.556,95%CI(1.229,2.083)〕were possible influencing factors of degree of coronary artery disease(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that,age〔OR=1.115,95%CI(1.057,1.175)〕,hypertension〔OR=1.019,95%CI(1.002,1.036)〕,NLR〔OR=1.182,95%CI(1.042,1.340)〕 and cardiac functional grading〔OR=1.627,95%CI(1.416,2.520)〕were influencing factors of degree of coronary artery disease(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis results showed that,NLR was positively correlated with SYNTAX score and GRACE score,respectively(r=0.543,0.495;P<0.05).ROC curve showed that,the AUC of NLR in predicting the prognosis of patients with NSTE-ACS was 0.669〔95%CI(0.577,0.761)〕,when it was 3.14,the sensitivity was 53.0%,the specificity was 71.5%.Conclusion NLR can be used to evaluate the severity of coronary artery lesions and predict the prognosis of patients with NSTE-ACS to some extent.
Coronary disease;Lymphocytes;Neutrophil;Prognosis
江蘇省宿遷市科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(S201416)
223800江蘇省宿遷市,南京鼓樓醫(yī)院集團(tuán)宿遷市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科(王萬虹,丁浩,周浩,張榮林);宿遷市中醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科(史波)
張榮林,223800江蘇省宿遷市,南京鼓樓醫(yī)院集團(tuán)宿遷市人民醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科;E-mail:zhangronglin2004@hotmail.com
R 541.4
A
10.3969/j.issn.1008-5971.2016.10.004
2016-06-11;
2016-09-20)
【編者按】 美國心臟病學(xué)會(huì)/美國心臟協(xié)會(huì)(ACC/AHA) 頒布的非 ST 段抬高型急性冠脈綜合征(NSTE-ACS)診治指南推薦對(duì)于疑似NSTE-ACS 患者應(yīng)根據(jù)不良預(yù)后的可能性進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分層,以決定是否需要住院治療并協(xié)助治療方案的抉擇(證據(jù)等級(jí):B),因此,尋找簡單、有效、準(zhǔn)確的指標(biāo)對(duì)NSTE-ACS患者進(jìn)行危險(xiǎn)分層并預(yù)測(cè)患者預(yù)后具有重要臨床意義。王萬虹等研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中性粒細(xì)胞/淋巴細(xì)胞比值(NLR)可在一定程度上評(píng)估NSTE-ACS患者冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度及預(yù)測(cè)患者預(yù)后,實(shí)用性較強(qiáng),參考價(jià)值較高,敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注!