合肥市要素大市場，安徽，中國

1 鳥瞰/Aerial view

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/Design Team: 孟建民，楊旭，黃朝捷，李勁鵬，張江濤等/MENG Jianmin， YANG Xu， HUANG Chaojie，LI Jinpeng， ZHANG Jiangtao， et al.

用地面積/Site Area: 81，368.85m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 215，099.03m2

設(shè)計時間/Design Time: 2009

攝影/Photos: 陳俊偉/CHEN Junwei

合肥要素大市場是目前國內(nèi)唯一的生產(chǎn)要素大市場，承載集金融證券、房地產(chǎn)與住房公積金、人力資源、招投標(biāo)、公共資源、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)等生產(chǎn)要素的交易活動，使其產(chǎn)生“化學(xué)”反應(yīng)，為安徽乃至中國東部的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展發(fā)揮巨大潛能。

作為承載生產(chǎn)要素交易活動的容器，建筑將主要的四大功能：人力資源要素區(qū)、房地產(chǎn)與住房公積金要素區(qū)、金融證券要素區(qū)、招投標(biāo)中心要素區(qū)分列建筑平面的四周，并圍合形成中央大廳。中央大廳除具備大量人流集會、發(fā)布信息等功能之外，還起著聯(lián)系四大功能區(qū)的樞紐作用。四大功能區(qū)首尾相接，形成環(huán)形交通流線，便于各功能區(qū)的聯(lián)系。同時，在相接處設(shè)置建筑的主次出入口，直通中央大廳，利于大量人流的疏散。每個功能區(qū)的垂直交通按照使用人群的不同進(jìn)行內(nèi)外分組，從而提高建筑空間垂直方向上的聯(lián)系效率。

建筑引入“多首層”的概念，地下一層、首層、二層分別設(shè)置對外出入口，使需要進(jìn)入不同功能區(qū)域的人群快速到達(dá)。

地下一層空間由內(nèi)向外沿徑向被劃分為3個環(huán)狀功能帶。中央?yún)^(qū)域布置服務(wù)于整個要素大市場的公共服務(wù)餐廳，滿足要素大市場人員就餐要求；環(huán)繞中央?yún)^(qū)域布置廚房及附屬設(shè)備用房；最外圍功能帶布置大型地下停車場，戰(zhàn)時成為人防地下室。空間利用集約高效，成為整個建筑的共享服務(wù)平臺。

健康是人們追求的永恒主題，作為公共建筑，不僅要為人們提供健康的工作、生活環(huán)境，而且建筑本身要能健康有效地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。合肥要素大市場是安徽省首座綠色二星建筑。它利用自身層層出挑的建筑形式產(chǎn)生遮陽效果；其屋頂經(jīng)特殊設(shè)計，設(shè)置雨水收集系統(tǒng)，回收雨水供綠化灌溉與場地沖洗之用；屋頂之上設(shè)置太陽能光伏板，年發(fā)電量可達(dá)約504，600kWh，占建筑總電耗的2.68%，節(jié)約大量的電能；在建筑的不同位置設(shè)置多個綠化庭院，在豐富室內(nèi)空間的同時能夠令使用空間獲得自然采光與自然通風(fēng)；有些庭院直達(dá)地下室，輔之光導(dǎo)管，為地下空間帶去自然光線與清新空氣；這些主動、被動節(jié)能技術(shù)措施的運(yùn)用，為工作、生活以及來此辦事的人們提供了健康、舒適的環(huán)境，這正是我們所追求的。

2 總平面/Site plan

3 外景/Exterior view

4 中庭/View of courtyard

Hefei Mega Factor Market currently remains the only mega market for factors of production in China. It supports transactions of factors of production， such as finance and securities， real estate and housing fund， human resources， project tendering and bidding， public resources， and intellectual property rights， creating a "chemical reaction" that unlocks an enormous potential for the economic development of the Anhui province and wider East China.

By acting as a container for the transactions of productions factors， the four key function zones，that is， human resources， real estate and public funds， fnance and securities， and project tendering and bidding are arranged around the perimeter of the architectural plan to create a central plaza. Apart from accommodating large pedestrian flow and information dissemination， the central plaza also functions as a hub to link four key functional zones that connect from end to end and form a circulation ring， thereby facilitating their interconnection. Moreover， primary and secondary entrances and exits are configured at junction points with direct access to the central plaza； this is conducive to crowd dispersion. Additionally， the vertical traffic in each functional zone is grouped externally and internally according to its use by different people，thus improving the vertical connection efciency of the building space.

A "multi-frst-layer" concept is introduced into the building. Entrances and exits are arranged in B1 floor， ground floor， and second floor， thereby enabling people to rapidly access diferent function zones.

Te space of B1 foor is divided radially from the interior to exterior into three circular function belts. A public service canteen is arranged in the central area， which serves the entire mega factor market and satisfies the dining requirements of people within the market. The kitchens and rooms for auxiliary equipment are confgured surrounding the central area. Moreover， a large-scale underground car park is arranged in the outermost function zone， which would function as the civil air defense basement during wartime. The space is utilized in a compact and efcient manner， acting as a shared service platform for the entire building.

Health remains the eternal theme pursued by people. A public building is required not only to provide people with a healthy working and living environment， but also to operate in a healthy and efective manner. Te Hefei Mega Factor Market is the frst 2-star Green Building in Anhui Province. It utilizes its built form comprising overhanging at each level to render a shading effect. Its roof is especially designed with a rainwater collection system to recover rainwater for landscape irrigation and site cleaning. Solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the roof with an annual power generation capacity up to approximately 504，600kWh， accounting for 2.68% of the total power consumption of the building， thereby yielding substantial power savings. Moreover，multiple greening courtyards are configured in different locations of the building， enriching the indoor space while being able to utilize the natural lighting and ventilation in the space. In addition， some courtyards lead directly to the basement， providing natural lighting and fresh air for the underground space with the aid of light conduits. Te application of these active or passive energy saving technologies provides a healthy and comfortable environment for working and living，and for people transacting in the market， which is exactly what we have pursued.

5 首層平面/Floor 1 plan

6 二層平面/Floor 2 plan

7 三層平面/Floor 3 plan

8 四層平面/Floor 4 plan

9 夜景/Night view

10 中庭/View of courtyard

11 外景/Exterior view

12 中庭/View of courtyard

評論

胡越：巨大尺度的建筑在快速發(fā)展的中國頻繁出現(xiàn)，它對城市的沖擊是不言而喻的，同時由于其超大的規(guī)模、復(fù)雜的功能以及交通組織，在設(shè)計上也向建筑師提出了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。

合肥要素大市場正是這樣一幢大型的擁有復(fù)雜功能的建筑。面對如此復(fù)雜的功能需求，建筑師采用化繁為簡的手法，用一個中心院落將4個按功能分割的建筑連在一起，形成了一個中空的正方形平面，平面布局清晰明確?！岸嗍讓印钡母拍畋灰氲叵乱粚印⑹讓优c二層，用來應(yīng)對大量的有著不同需求的辦事人員的涌入，中央大廳和環(huán)形交通廊的設(shè)置提供了高效明晰的交通流線。

在嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)恼叫误w量下，為了減弱建筑對城市公共空間的壓迫感，建筑師巧妙地結(jié)合綠色設(shè)計理念，采用退臺的形式使巨大體量的建筑顯得異常輕盈，同時在立面設(shè)計中，水平和垂直線條的交替使用及深窗洞的運(yùn)用，進(jìn)一步減輕了體量上的沉重感。

通過對建筑的簡單閱讀，我發(fā)現(xiàn)建筑師在進(jìn)行這樣大型的多功能公共建筑設(shè)計時顯示出深厚的功力。一方面能夠?qū)?fù)雜的功能、大量的人流及交通需求安排妥當(dāng)，同時又要面對政府建筑對體量的需求，以及巨大建筑對城市壓力之間的矛盾，并且通過造型處理手法予以化解。顯然，一幢建筑的規(guī)模與尺度往往不是建筑師的主觀選擇，正如汽車的出現(xiàn)是傳統(tǒng)城市格局的終結(jié)一樣，大院文化、巨型城市綜合體同樣促成了非人尺度城市空間的大量出現(xiàn)，然而建筑師在其中還是可以作為的。本案中建筑師利用屋檐遮陽原理進(jìn)行的立面退臺處理，其減小建筑尺度的效果給我留下了深刻的印象。這個案例為在城市中設(shè)計大型復(fù)雜功能建筑提供了一個很好的范例。

Comments

HU Yue: As large-scale architecture mushrooms in fast developing China， its impact on the city is explicit； and due to its large scale and complex function as well as circulation organization， it imposes severe challenges in design on architects.

The Hefei Mega Factor Market with large scale and complex functions is a case in point. To tackle with such complex functional needs， the architects simplify it by introducing a central plaza which links the four separate functional zones together， forming a clear a voided square layout. The "multi-first-layer" concept is applied to the Floor B1， Ground Floor， and Second Floor， which can be used to relieve the huge influx of different user groups into the building. The configuration of central plaza and ring circulation corridor facilitate the circulation efciency.

Under a strict cubic volume， to deal with the stress that might be brought to the urban public space， the architects ingeniously introduced green design concept into the design. Te overhanging form makes the huge volume look lighter. Moreover， the alternative usage of horizontal and vertical lines and the deep window in fa?ade design helped to reduce the heaviness.

Through my first interpretation towards this building， I realized the designer's profound skill behind this kind of large-scale multi-functional building design. On one hand， it successfully compromises the contradiction between complex functions and mass circulation needs. On the other hand， by using some formal strategies， it strikes a balance between the scale requirement for government buildings and the oppression it might incur to the public space. Admittedly， in most cases the scale and volume of a building could not be decided by the architects. Just as the invention of automobile killed the traditional urban patterns， the coming of huge multi-functional building in the city has created many nonhuman scale spaces. However， architects have the power to do something during this course. In this case， the overhanging fa?ade which provides sun shading and minimizes the dimensions of the building left me with a deep impression. It serves as a good example for us in terms of how to design large-scale complex functional building in the city. （Translated by QI Yiyi）

13 外景/Exterior view

人本空間

城市設(shè)計的研究與實(shí)踐

Humanistic Space

Research and Practice of Urban Design

Hefei Mega Factor Market， Anhui， China， 2014