云天化集團(tuán)總部，云南，中國

1 總平面/Site plan

2 首層平面/Floor 1 plan

信任是產(chǎn)生好作品的基礎(chǔ)。2001年，云天化集團(tuán)約我去昆明，在第一次短暫的見面后，集團(tuán)高層就對我們設(shè)計團(tuán)隊有著出人意料的充分信任。在接下來的整個設(shè)計過程中業(yè)主方在設(shè)計上給了我們很大的自由度與發(fā)揮空間，讓我們能高完成度地實現(xiàn)原方案的最初理念。

云天化集團(tuán)總部大樓并非僅僅是為了實現(xiàn)一個普通意義上的辦公場所，而是希望憑借新總部的建設(shè)，充分展現(xiàn)企業(yè)精神，建立起品牌形象，使之成為其走向市場化、全球化的新坐標(biāo)。布魯諾·賽維的“建筑空間論”把空間描述為建筑的“主角”。在這個設(shè)計中，水面空間、入口空間、柱廊灰空間、門廳空間、建筑內(nèi)部空間等經(jīng)過若干層次的過渡與組織，形成遞進(jìn)的空間序列，產(chǎn)生極具張力的空間效果。

云天化集團(tuán)歷史上與“水”有著不解之緣。業(yè)主希望園區(qū)內(nèi)能注重水景的塑造，但并未對其具體的形式做出更嚴(yán)格的限制。我們在總體規(guī)劃中以“水”作為環(huán)境構(gòu)成的主線，利用空間的收放營造步移景異的效果，辦公樓周邊逾8000m2的水面，成為建筑外部空間形態(tài)的重要構(gòu)成元素。水體成為一種空間要素，被靈活運用于各種空間的分隔、過渡與整合之中。辦公樓前巨大的水面界定出個性的場所空間，加上建筑周邊的柱廊序列在建筑與水面之間形成的“灰空間”，共同構(gòu)筑完美有機(jī)、氣韻連通的空間層次。建筑入口結(jié)合水面元素形成獨具特色的入口空間形式。當(dāng)人們經(jīng)過水面通道步入建筑時，不但完成空間轉(zhuǎn)化，更完成一次心理過渡，使人充分親近水面，融入建筑氛圍，變化的空間感受更拉近人與建筑的距離。

整個辦公科研區(qū)域的設(shè)計著眼于點、線、面的幾何構(gòu)成，正方與矩形、方形與圓形、直線與曲線的對比，干凈利落的布局形態(tài)形成簡潔大氣且變化豐富的空間層次。浮于水面的辦公大樓在滿足建筑高度不超過24m的條件下，以135m的長度橫向展開，形成水平方向的氣勢。利用金屬、玻璃以及石材的搭配組合，通過律動的變形柱豎向序列，使得建筑既尊崇高雅又輕巧通透地舒展于水中。

入口處49m高的標(biāo)志性構(gòu)筑物，在立面構(gòu)圖中形成垂直與水平、豎向與橫向、動與靜的強(qiáng)烈對比，打破統(tǒng)一的高度控制，成為制高點，形成起伏變化的天際線，為滇池旅游度假區(qū)樹立了新地標(biāo)。

水面上圓形會議廳不僅在平面構(gòu)圖上作為科技樓圓形中庭空間的互補形態(tài)，其碗狀倒圓臺造型也在立面造型上形成極為強(qiáng)烈的虛實對比，既能很好地滿足業(yè)主方圓桌會議的使用需求，同時以獨特的造型營造出特殊的內(nèi)部空間效果和與眾不同的外部空間感受。

靜謐的水面、舒展的線條、簡潔的形體以及空間劃分的數(shù)學(xué)美，在光與影的變化之中相輔相成，在虛與實的對比之中相得益彰，體現(xiàn)出云天化的行業(yè)特征和科學(xué)理性之美?！酰辖?文）

3 鳥瞰/Aerial view

Trust is the basis of masterpieces. In 2001，the Yuntianhua Group invited me to Kunming. After just a brief meeting， the group executives surprisingly placed their full trust in our design team， and the owners have given us great freedom and space in the entire design process， allowing us to achieve the project's original vision.

The Yuntianhua Group does not want their headquarter building to be merely a conventional office building. Instead， they want to show their enterprising spirit and establish their brand image through the construction of the new headquarters，making it the landmark of their marketization and globalization. Bruno Zevi described space in Architecture as Space as the "leading role" of architecture. In this design， the water， entrance， gray colonnade， hall and interior spaces of the building form a progressive spatial sequence after a few levels of transition and organization， creating a spatial efect of great cohesion.

The Yuntianhua Group has an indissoluble bond with water. The owners expect an emphasis on the waterscape around the building， but they did not pose strict limits on the specific form of the waterscape. We used water as the main part of the environmental composition in the overall planning， and the scenery can vary with each step taken due to the spatial scalability. A water surface of over 8，000m2surrounding the building becomes an important element in the exterior spatial form of the building. As a spatial element， the body of water is used fexibly in forms of spatial division，transition， and integration. Te vast water surface in front of the building defines a space with a unique personality， which， together with the gray space formed by the colonnades between the building and the water， creates perfectly organic spatial levels with consistent artistic conception. The entrance and water elements form a unique entrance space. When entering the building through the passages above the water， visitors will experience not only a spatial transition but also a mental transition， enabling people's closeness to the water and blending with the atmosphere of the building； the change of space perception can also bring people closer to the building， enabling them to be close to the water and blend with the building's atmosphere.

The design of the entire office and research area is focused on the geometric composition of points， lines and planes， and the comparison ofquadrates and rectangles， squares and circles as well as straight lines and curves. The clean layout creates simple， magnificent and versatile spatial levels. Meeting the requirement of not exceeding 24m， the office building floating on water extends 135m horizontally in a magnifcent style. With the combination of metal， glass， and stone as well as the rhythmic vertical sequence of deformable columns，the building stretches out above the water in an elegant， light， and transparent manner.

A 49-meter-high landmark structure stands at the entrance and elicits strong comparisons of the upright and flat， vertical and horizontal as well as the dynamic and static in the fa?ade's composition. With its extraordinary height， the structure forms a rippling skyline， serving as a new landmark of the Kunming Dianchi National Tourist Resort.

Te circular conference hall on the water serves as the supplement of the circular atrium space in the technology building on the plane composition. Its inverted circular truncated cone shape creates a sharp virtual-real comparison of the fa?ade model，not only meeting the needs of the owners for round-table conferences but also creating a special internal spatial efect and distinctive external space perception with its unique shape.

The tranquil water， flexible lines， concise appearance， and mathematical beauty of space division supplement each other in the juxtaposition of light and shadow and bring out the best qualities of each in the comparison of the virtual and the real， manifesting the industrial characteristics of the Yuntianhua Group and the beauty of scientific rationality.□（Text by MENG Jianmin）

4.5 外景/Exterior views

項目信息/Credits and Data

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/Design Team: 孟建民，陳暉，石磊，黃厚伯等/ MENG Jianmin， CHEN Hui， SHI Lei， HUANG Houbo， et al.用地面積/Site Area: 125，998m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 54，889m2

設(shè)計時間/Design Time: 2001

攝影/Photos: 傅興/FU Xing

6 外景/Exterior view

7 剖面/Section

8 三層平面/Floor 3 plan

9 二層平面/Floor 2 plan

評論

章明：橢圓形的水面、長方形延展的辦公大樓、圓形的會議廳組合而成的平面布局高效且?guī)缀胃袕?qiáng)烈。在勒·柯布西耶看來，“建筑，是匯聚在陽光下的形體間精巧正確而卓越的游戲”。與勒·柯布西耶設(shè)計的昌迪加爾法院異曲同工，云天化辦公大樓巨構(gòu)感的體量、深遠(yuǎn)的出挑、序列感和韻律感十足的柱廊以及門前豎向標(biāo)志性的構(gòu)筑物借由昆明強(qiáng)烈的陽光產(chǎn)生了肯定而豐富的形體和光影的變化，塑造了建筑的形式美。辦公樓的外廊增加空間層次的同時兼具良好的遮陽效果。

康德把審美區(qū)分為美和崇高兩個范疇。云天化集團(tuán)項目在注重形式美的同時，似乎更強(qiáng)調(diào)崇高的場所感的營造。環(huán)繞建筑的水面不僅能適當(dāng)降低風(fēng)溫從而改善建筑的微氣候，同時它還擴(kuò)展了人們的場所感知。水面的鏡像作用放大了建筑各部分的尺度張力，而不時受外界擾動泛起的漣漪又戲劇化地模糊了建筑固有的形象，場所得到了一種天地間無限延展的狀態(tài)，“崇高感”進(jìn)一步獲得加強(qiáng)。昌迪加爾法院本質(zhì)上體現(xiàn)的是現(xiàn)代主義的理想，它因理性而崇高，云天化集團(tuán)項目則試圖借助崇高性彰顯企業(yè)精神。云天化集團(tuán)項目光滑的外立面材料與粗野主義粗糙的混凝土表面相比突顯了建筑的時代性。

Comments

ZHANG Ming: Te oval-shaped water surface， rectangular-shaped ofce building and round-shaped conference hall constitute an efficient layout with a strong emphasis on geometry. In the view of Le Corbusier， "Architecture is the learned game， correct and magnifcent， of forms assembled in the light." Similar to the Chandigarh Capitol Complex designed by Le Corbusier， the office building of Yuntianhua Group creates the beauty in form， with its gigantic volume， large eaves， well-ordered and rhythmical colonnades， as well as the vertical iconic structure in front of the gate that works its magic with shapes and shadows under the bright sunshine of Kunming. Te verandah of the ofce building increases the sense of spatial layering while also creating a shading efect.

Kant categorized aesthetics into the beauty and the sublime. The project of Yuntianhua Group focuses on formal beauty， yet pays more attention to generate a sublime sense of place. Te water surface that surrounds the building not only lowers the wind temperature and improves the microclimate， but also raises the profile of the place. Its mirroring-effect magnifies each part of the building， and the ripple of the water dramatically blurs the image of the structure. It helps the place to create a sense of the infinite extension between heaven and earth， which also enhances "the sense of sublimity". Te Chandigarh Capitol Complex essentially presents the ideal of Modernism. Its sublimity comes from its rationality. Te project of Yuntianhua Group intends to illustrate the spirit of enterprise through its sense of sublimity. Te contrast between the smooth exterior walls and rough concrete showcases the contemporaneity of the building. （Translated by Dandan Wang）

10.11 剖面/Sections

12 內(nèi)景/Interior view

13 外景/Exterior view

14 外景/Exterior view

Headquarters of the Yuntianhua Group， Yunnan， China， 2003