王文采

(中國科學(xué)院植物研究所，系統(tǒng)與進(jìn)化植物學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100093)

毛茛科二新種

王文采

(中國科學(xué)院植物研究所，系統(tǒng)與進(jìn)化植物學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100093)

描述了分別自甘肅和四川發(fā)現(xiàn)的毛茛科二新種，永登翠雀花和攀枝花唐松草，并分別給出此二種與近緣種之間的形態(tài)區(qū)別特征。

毛茛科；翠雀屬；唐松草屬；新種；中國

圖1 A～D.永登翠雀花：A.開花枝條；B.退化雄蕊；C.雄蕊；D.雌蕊群 E～F.攀枝花唐松草：E.開花枝條，花多凋謝，只少數(shù)花尚有雌蕊群；F.心皮Fig.1 A-D. Delphinium yongdengense：A.Flowering branch; B.Staminode; C.Stamen; D.Gynoecium(from holotype) E-F.Thalictrum panzhihuaense：E.Flowering branch,with most flowers having wilted and a few of them still bearing gynoecium; F.Carpel(from holotype)

永登翠雀花 圖1:A～D

DelphiniumyongdengenseW.T.Wang, sp. nov. Fig.1:A-D

(Sect.DelphiniumDC. ser.CaeruleaW.T.Wang)

Species nova haec est affinisD.caeruleoJacq. ex Camb., quod foliorum laminis majoribus basi cordatis, earum segmentis rhombicis vel flabellatis bis ad ter dissectis, sepalis inferis totis planis apice nec navicularibus nec corniculatis, staminodiorum limbis late obovatis vel suborbicularibus ventro flavo-barbatis, staminibus glabris praeclare differt.

Prennial herb. Stem purple, ca. 35 cm tall, below ca. 2.5 mm across, inconspicuously longitudinally 6-sulcate, densely retrorsely appressed-puberulous(hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long), from below dichotomously branched. Basal leaves not seen. Lower cauline leaf ternate(?), shortly petiolate; leaflet shortly petiolulate, its blade green, at base subtruncate, 3-sect, segments linear, 0.8-3.5×0.12-0.2 cm, at margin entire, involute, adaxially densely appressed-puberulous, abaxially on midrib pilose, midrib adaxially impressed, abaxially slightly prominent; petiole purple, linear, ca. 10×1.5 mm, densely appressed-puberulous(hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long) and mixed with a few long hairs 1-2 mm long. Upper cauline leaves simple, shortly petiolate; blades at base broadly cuneate, 3-sect, segments linear, 0.7-2×0.1-0.2 cm, entire; petioles 3.5-5 mm long. Corymbs terminal, 3-7-flowered, rarely flowers singly terminal to branches; bracts shortly petiolate or sessile, similar to upper cauline leaves, 1-3.5 cm long, either 3-sect with 3 linear segments, or undivided, linear; pedicels 5-12.5 cm long, appressed-puberulous, near the middle 2-bracteolate; bracteoles purple, narrowly lanceolate-linear, 6-10×0.4-0.6 mm, puberulous. Flower: Sepals 5, deeply blue, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely appressed-puberulous; upper sepal narrowly ovate, 1.3-1.7×0.5-1 cm, spur subulate, 1.4-1.6 cm long, apex decurved, base 3-3.5 mm across; lateral sepals ovate-oblong, 1.3-1.7×0.3-0.6 cm; lower sepals narrowly oblong, 1.3-1.85×0.4-0.5 cm, apex navicular, sometimes shortly corniculate. Petals 2, blue, glabrous, apex entire and with white margin. Staminodes 2, blue; claws ca. 6 mm long, glabrous, above base with a small triangular appendage; limbs oblong-obovate, ca. 8×5 mm, undivided, at apex rounded, with ca. 10 longitudinal nerves, adaxially above base densely whitish-barbate. Stamens numerous; filaments 4-7 mm long, below narrowly triangular or linear-triangular, above filiform and pilose; anthers dark-blue, oblong, 1.8-2 mm long, glabrous. Carpels 5; ovaries oblong, 5-6 mm long, densely appressed-puberulous; styles ca. 2 mm long, glabrous.

甘肅(Gansu):永登縣，連城自然保護(hù)區(qū)，沙林溝(Yongdeng Xian,Liancheng Nature Reserve,Shalin Valley),alt.2 475 m,2006-08-01,張學(xué)剛(Zhang Xuegang)06137(holotype,PE).

本種在親緣關(guān)系方面與藍(lán)翠雀花(DelphiniumcaeruleumJacq. ex Camb.)相近，與后者的區(qū)別在于本種的莖生葉或?yàn)槿鰪?fù)葉或?yàn)閱稳~，基部近截形或?qū)捫ㄐ?，?fù)葉的小葉或單葉均3全裂，全裂片均呈條形，不分裂，花萼的2枚下萼片頂端呈船形，有時(shí)還具短角狀突起，退化雄蕊的辦片長圓狀倒卵形，腹面基部之上被白色髯毛，雄蕊花絲上部疏被柔毛。在藍(lán)翠雀花，葉的基部呈心形，3全裂，全裂片呈菱形或扇形，2至3回細(xì)裂，花萼的2枚下萼片平坦，頂端不呈船形，也不具角狀突起，退化雄蕊的瓣片寬倒卵形或近圓形，腹面基部之上被黃色髯毛，雄蕊無毛[1]。

攀枝花唐松草 圖1:E～F

ThalictrumpanzhihuaenseW.T.Wang, sp. nov. Fig.1:E-F

(Sect.Thalictrumser.VirgataW.T.Wang & S.H.Wang)

Ob caules, petiolos, foliolorum paginas adaxiales, pedicelos et ovaria glanduloso-puberula, et flores 2-4 in monochasium dispositos species nova haec est affinis T. viscoso C. Y. Wu ex W. T. Wang & S. H. Wang endemico in valle fluminis Jinsha partis borealium urbis Lijiang provinciae Yunnan, quod foliis caulinis 3-pinnatis 15-60-foliolatis, foliolis minoribus 0.6-1.1 cm longis et latis basi cordatis, nervis basalibus 5 subtus planis, stigmatibus anguste linearibus haud alatis facile differt.

Perennial herb. Stem ca. 30 cm tall, below ca. 1.5 mm across, with petioles, leaf rachises and pedicels all densely glandular-puberulous(hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long), much branched. Basal leaves not seen. Cauline leaves 5-foliolately pinnate or ternate, shortly petiolate; blades narrowly ovate or deltoid in outlin, 2.5-5×2.2-3.5 cm; leaflets chartaceous, petiolulate, broadly ovate or pentagonal, 0.8-1.6×0.8-2.2 cm, at base subcordate, 3-lobulate or undivided, at margin sparsely crenate or rounded-dentate, adaxially densely glandular-puberulous, abaxially on nerves hirtellous; basal nerves 5, adaxially flat, abaxially prominent; petiolules slender, 0.4-1.5 cm long; petioles 0.5-0.8 cm long. Monochasia terminal, 2-4-flowered; bracts ternate or simple and similar to leaflets; pedicels slender, 0.5-1.7 cm long. Flower: Sepals and stamens not seen. Carpels 2-4; ovaries long ellipsoidal or narrowly lanceolate, 1.5-1.8×0.4 mm, densely glandular-puberulous; stigmas narrowly triangular, ca. 1×0.3 mm, glabrous, margins of membranous wings slightly erosulate.

四川(Sichuan):攀枝花市，蘇鐵山(Panzhihua Shi,Sutie Shan),alt.1 600-1 700 m,山坡灌叢(in bushes on slope),2002-09-13,張鋼民(Zhang Gangmin)638(holotype,PE)。

本種的莖、葉柄、小葉表面、花梗和心皮的子房均被短腺毛，花2～4朵組成單歧聚傘花序，因此與也具這些特征的粘唐松草(ThalictrumviscosumC.Y.Wu ex W.T.Wang & S.H.Wang)(特產(chǎn)云南麗江虎跳峽)在親緣關(guān)系上相近。本種與后者的區(qū)別在于本種的莖生葉為具5小葉的一回羽狀復(fù)葉或具3小葉的三出復(fù)葉，小葉較大(長2.5～5 cm,寬2.2～3.5 cm)，基部近心形或近截形，其5條基出脈在下面明顯隆起，心皮的柱頭狹三角形，有膜質(zhì)薄翅。在粘唐松草，莖生葉為三回羽狀復(fù)葉，有15～60枚小葉，小葉較小，長及寬均為0.6～1.1 cm，基部心形，其5條基出脈在下面平坦，心皮的柱頭狹條形，無翅[2]。

致謝深切感謝孫英寶先生為本文繪圖。

1.王文采.Delphinium.于中國植物志[M].北京:科學(xué)出版社,1979,27:326-462.

2.王文采,王蜀秀.Thalictrum.于中國植物志[M].北京:科學(xué)出版社,1979,27:502-592.

TwoNewSpeciesofRanunculaceaefromChina

WANG Wen-Tsai

(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093)

Two species of the family Ranunculaceae,DelphiniumyongdengenseandThalictrumpanzhihuaense, are described as new from Gansu Province and Sichuan Province, and the morphological differences between them and their allies are given respectively.

Ranunculaceae;Delphinium;Thalictrum;new species;China

王文采(1926—)，男，研究員，中國科學(xué)院院士，從事有花植物分類學(xué)研究。

2014-07-28

Q949.746.5

A

10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.01.001