建筑設(shè)計(jì):Aedas
Architects: Aedas
灣仔茂蘿街/巴路士街改造項(xiàng)目,香港,中國(guó)
建筑設(shè)計(jì):Aedas
Architects: Aedas
1改造后朝向茂蘿街的外立面/Mallory street's facade after renovation
2改造前朝向茂蘿街的外立面/Mallory street's facade before renovation
項(xiàng)目合理利用了一組稀有而完整的市區(qū)歷史建筑群,令其成為公共休閑、文化及創(chuàng)意工業(yè)的現(xiàn)代場(chǎng)所。透過(guò)最佳的保護(hù)及合理利用手法,該設(shè)計(jì)彰顯戰(zhàn)前唐樓于香港建筑歷史發(fā)展的價(jià)值。創(chuàng)意的設(shè)計(jì)演繹了傳統(tǒng)空間的布局和物料的使用,并改進(jìn)原有結(jié)構(gòu)及設(shè)施以符合當(dāng)前建筑及防火條例要求,延續(xù)都市唐樓的建筑使命。
此場(chǎng)所目前設(shè)有工作室、圖書(shū)館、展覽空間及與藝術(shù)/遺產(chǎn)主題相關(guān)的零售空間和餐飲設(shè)施。
This project revitalizes a rare and intact ensemble of urban historic buildings into a modern venue for public leisure, cultural and creative industries. By exercising best practices in conservation and adaptive reuse, the design celebrates the value of pre-war shophouse as a testimony of historical architectural development in Hong Kong. Innovative architectural design enables reinterpretation of the traditional spatial arrangements and uses of materials,and upgrades its original structure and facilities to comply with modern building regulations and needs, so that the architectural mission of urban shophouses can be sustained.
3 改造后朝向巴路士街的外立面/Burrows street's facade after renovation
4.5立面/Elevations
6 屋頂修復(fù)草圖/Sketch for roof restoration
7修復(fù)后屋頂/Roof after restoration
8修復(fù)后陽(yáng)臺(tái)/Balcony after restoration
項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data
客戶(hù)和項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理:市區(qū)重建局/Client and project Manager: Urban Renewal Authority (URA)
建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architectural Design: Aedas
認(rèn)可人士/Authorized person: 黃志明建筑工程師有限公司/C.M.Wong & Associates Limited
結(jié)構(gòu)工程師/Structural Engineer: 黃志明建筑工程師有限公司/C.M.Wong & Associates Limited
巖土工程師/Geotechnical Engineer: 黃志明建筑工程師有限公司/C.M.Wong & Associates Limited
機(jī)電顧問(wèn)/M & E Consultant: 澧信工程顧問(wèn)有限公司/J. Roger preston Limited
工料測(cè)量師/Quantity Surveyor: 利比有限公司/Rider Levett Bucknall Limited
保護(hù)顧問(wèn)/Conservation Consultant: 香港中文大學(xué)建筑文化遺產(chǎn)研究中心/Centre for Architectural Heritage Research of the Chinese University of Hong Kong
主要運(yùn)營(yíng)商/Main Operator: 香港藝術(shù)中心/Hong Kong Arts Centre
主要承包商/Main Contractor: 煥利建筑有限公司/Woon Lee Construction Co. Limited
保護(hù)承包商/Conservation Contractor: 鼎新建筑有限公司/ Ding Hsung Construction Company
主要承包商(拆卸及加固地基)/Main Contractor(Demolition & Foundation Strengthening): 新昌營(yíng)造集團(tuán)/ Hsin Chong Construction (Engineering) Limited
主要承包商(加固地基)/Main Contractor (Foundation Strengthening): 太平洋建筑有限公司/pacific Construction Limited
材料/Material: 木結(jié)構(gòu)、磚墻表面、木器/Timber structure, brick wall surface, carpentry
基地面積/Site Area: 780m2
建筑面積/GFA: 2400m2
歷史建筑評(píng)級(jí)/Grade of Historical Building: 二級(jí)/Second Grade
歷史建筑建成年份/Historical Building Completed: 1910 年代/1910s
改造完成年份/Revitalisation Completed: 2013
攝影/photos: Aedas
1 該項(xiàng)目及周邊區(qū)域此前面臨的突出問(wèn)題是什么?
面對(duì)一組瀕危的建于1910年代的罕有并完整的10座被評(píng)為二級(jí)歷史建筑的唐樓群組,項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)面對(duì)3項(xiàng)幾乎不可能同時(shí)完成的挑戰(zhàn):
(1)在狹窄的市區(qū)地盤(pán)提供公共空間,帶動(dòng)周邊甚至整片灣仔舊區(qū);
(2)保存歷史建筑并提升至符合目前的建筑物條例;
(3)活化為社區(qū)文化藝術(shù)中心,對(duì)公共開(kāi)放使用,同時(shí)具有商業(yè)價(jià)值。
2采用了哪些方法解決或改善這些問(wèn)題?
重現(xiàn)都市肌理: 從灣仔的街巷樓宇可以追索香港的城市發(fā)展,從古老漁村、殖民商巷演變至多樣化的城市。活化這罕有和完整的歷史性城市唐樓組群,作為相容的社區(qū)用途及保持和諧的街巷面貌,延續(xù)我們城市發(fā)展的使命。
具有創(chuàng)意的修復(fù)技術(shù):通過(guò)保留創(chuàng)新手法可以改進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)建筑技術(shù),并將它與現(xiàn)代科技互相結(jié)合,以滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及法例。如:
(1) 保留歷史組件(木樓梯、瓦屋頂、欄桿及陶磚),加固并重欽以供公眾使用。有別于慣常將舊構(gòu)件保留只作觀賞用途,這一項(xiàng)目的木樓梯被仔細(xì)重欽,并加裝隱蔽鋼結(jié)構(gòu)支撐以供安全行走。所保留的歷史組件均可再利用和裝嵌,讓公眾親身接觸使用,而非送至博物館保存。
(2)傳承傳統(tǒng)手藝(填補(bǔ)磚墻及修補(bǔ)木作),引進(jìn)并結(jié)合現(xiàn)代科技。歷史木梁及樓板被小心移走,以傳統(tǒng)木藝修補(bǔ)及以現(xiàn)代防潮防霉處理,再重組于原有梁枕磚線(xiàn)上,亦以隱鋼鐵結(jié)構(gòu)加固。
(3) 預(yù)設(shè)方便使用者使用的新裝置以維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)而不使歷史物料受損。通過(guò)建立社企管理及維護(hù)歷史建筑的意識(shí),使用設(shè)計(jì)指南讓商戶(hù)尊重具有歷史形態(tài)的鋪面。預(yù)設(shè)的安裝點(diǎn)方便舉行多樣化的公眾活動(dòng)而不破壞歷史元素。與營(yíng)運(yùn)者合作培訓(xùn)員工,也可長(zhǎng)久維護(hù)建筑物。
舊宇重生:透過(guò)創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì),舊唐樓空間可以活化為現(xiàn)代商業(yè)/休閑用途,并保育歷史特征、鞏固結(jié)構(gòu)、改善室內(nèi)環(huán)境,并使它符合現(xiàn)今建筑規(guī)范。并通過(guò)全香港的公共聽(tīng)證咨詢(xún),確定公共社區(qū)藝術(shù)用途。
3通過(guò)此項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì),該地區(qū)的空間品質(zhì)獲得了怎樣的提升?
環(huán)境互動(dòng):現(xiàn)代的新翼設(shè)計(jì)與傳統(tǒng)的歷史建筑形成對(duì)比。通透的玻璃幕墻及活動(dòng)木百葉之間的間隔容許互動(dòng)的視覺(jué)交流及環(huán)境調(diào)控,猶如傳統(tǒng)唐樓的法式大門(mén)。
街貌的忠實(shí)蛻變:本設(shè)計(jì)尊重歷史變更而非重塑或凝固舊貌,它忠實(shí)地復(fù)修了較為完整的部分及特征,并為其余樓宇部分引入當(dāng)代設(shè)計(jì)及材料,以配合歷史改造的過(guò)程,從而展示灣仔百年蛻變的街貌。
9 歷史建筑住宅套間剖面示意/Section of historical residential unit
10.11內(nèi)景/Interior views
1-入口/Entrance2-展覽/Exhibition3-公共空間(帶頂)/public open space (covered)4-公共空間/public open space5-大堂/Lobby6-商鋪/Retail7-餐飲/Food & beverage8-畫(huà)廊/Gallery9-課室/Studio classroom10-多功能廳/Function room11-行人天橋/Footbridge12-建筑設(shè)備/Building services
12中庭空間/Atrium space
13剖面/Section
14標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層平面/Typical floor plan
評(píng)論
龍灝:隨著人們對(duì)歷史環(huán)境與建筑的認(rèn)知與傳承方式的逐漸改變,在物權(quán)更為清晰的境外,類(lèi)似項(xiàng)目并不少見(jiàn)。但本項(xiàng)目出彩的地方是,建筑師并未采用簡(jiǎn)單的“修舊如舊”策略,而是修復(fù)與新建、老料與新材、已有空間與當(dāng)代設(shè)計(jì)相結(jié)合,現(xiàn)代商業(yè)和休閑等新的功能較為自然地融入了老的較為私密與生活化的環(huán)境,使人們身處其間時(shí)能在不自覺(jué)間體味到香港灣仔的百年歷史蛻變。
林霄:需要“拆”或“改”,都必定離不開(kāi)“活化”二字。無(wú)論是清除之后的另起爐灶,還是更新復(fù)興以后的老樹(shù)逢春,所追求的無(wú)非就是最終的“活”。
對(duì)于有一定價(jià)值的歷史建筑(群),與“活”的狀態(tài)所對(duì)應(yīng)的,一定是“衰敗”而非“死亡”,那么在有其他條件支持的情況下,“搶救”就應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)先于徹底的“更替”。同時(shí),歷史街區(qū)和建筑的“活”,并不意味著束之高閣的展覽保存或者無(wú)視現(xiàn)實(shí)功能和安全要求的“倚老賣(mài)老”,像其他區(qū)域一樣,健康運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)和發(fā)展,才是真正的目標(biāo)所在。
Comments
LONG Hao: Along with the gradual change of people's recognition and the mode of inheritance of historical environment and architecture, this kind of projects are not rare abroad where the property ownership is clearer. But the highlights of this project lie in that,instead of adopting simple "restoring old architecture as its original style" strategy, the architect combines restoration with new construction, old materials with new ones, and existing space with modern design. The new functions like modern business and leisure activities are blended into the old relatively private and life-oriented environment in a natural way. As a result,when walking in the street, people are able to feel the hundred years of transition in Wanchai of Hong Kong unconsciously.
LIN Xiao: Both "demolition" and "renovation" are inseparable from "activation." In other words, whether the reconstruction after demolition or renovation,their ultimate objective is "revitalization".
For historic buildings of a certain value, what "revitalization" corresponds to must be "decaying" rather than "death", so "rescue" should always take precedence over complete "replacement" with the support of certain conditions. At the same time, the "revitalization" of historic neighborhoods and buildings does not mean putting them on the shelf for exhibition or taking advantage of their long history regardless of the real function and safety requirements, it should aim at healthy functioning and development, just like other regions.
15中庭空間/Atrium space
Revitalisation project at Mallory Street/Burrows Street, Hong Kong, China, 2013