建筑設(shè)計(jì)：錢強(qiáng)/UDG+SEU

惠山榭麗花園幼兒園，無錫，中國

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：錢強(qiáng)/UDG+SEU

1 鳥瞰/Aerial view

榭麗花園幼兒園位于無錫惠山，基地臨近惠山城際車站及站前服務(wù)區(qū)，是站前區(qū)域城市形象展示的重要組成部分之一，是榭麗花園居住區(qū)的配套18班幼兒園。

設(shè)計(jì)試圖解決如何在城市高密度和場地限制的條件下，創(chuàng)造出滿足最基本的功能性和安全性、同時也能富有趣味性和獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的幼兒教育建筑。

基于基地條件的建筑空間形態(tài)生成

幼兒園是兒童跟家庭成員以外的人最先接觸和交往的場所。幼兒園的空間設(shè)計(jì)中既要營造源于家庭的熟悉的空間尺度和氛圍；更要營造不同于家庭的、陌生的、同時能夠讓孩子們驚喜的空間和生活樂園的氛圍。

考慮到基地緊鄰城市干道，為了隔離來自道路的各種噪音以及盡可能地減少灰塵和尾氣對孩子們的影響，我們希望建筑空間能夠圍合成跟城市空間隔離的室外空間（內(nèi)庭院）和跟城市空間鄰接的室外空間（外庭院），以這兩種不同類型的室外空間來滿足孩子們的室外活動的需求。

環(huán)形建筑空間自然形成了對內(nèi)和對外兩種不同的空間。橢圓形的長邊有利于班級單元的一直展開形成節(jié)奏并減小日照的影響；而橢圓形和基地近45°的夾角關(guān)系則可以加大橢圓形的長邊距離，同時在橢圓形的西北側(cè)和東南側(cè)形成了兩個擴(kuò)大的空間場地。建筑的流線形造型與直線形的道路系統(tǒng)形成了動態(tài)的關(guān)系。

幼兒園是孩子學(xué)習(xí)和玩耍的地方，我們希望提供給孩子們最充足的陽光和最安全的庭院，讓孩子們跟室外自然之間能夠形成良好的互動關(guān)系，在這樣一個自然舒適的空間里安全而自由地去探索世界。

建筑最高為3層，整體造型為螺旋上升的橢圓環(huán)形，建筑通過不同層次的退臺、出挑和環(huán)形坡道，打造了立體的回游式室外活動空間，激發(fā)了孩子們探索的天性，讓孩子們擁有探索的樂趣。這種獨(dú)特新穎的教學(xué)組織方式及室內(nèi)外活動空間，創(chuàng)造了一個既有安全性又充滿趣味性的幼兒教育空間。

以兒童的身體和心理為出發(fā)點(diǎn)的材料和色彩設(shè)計(jì)

色彩所產(chǎn)生的不同的視覺效果，會給人不同的視覺體驗(yàn)，從而直接影響著人的美感認(rèn)知、情緒波動乃至行為狀態(tài)。幼兒園的環(huán)境色彩能夠直接影響到兒童的身心發(fā)育和健康，因此，幼兒園建筑的色彩設(shè)計(jì)可以定位為對兒童的色彩認(rèn)知的培養(yǎng)、情操教育的重要環(huán)節(jié)。

色彩設(shè)計(jì)是從無錫當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀恢参镏刑崛』镜纳试?，將建筑色彩與地域產(chǎn)生內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系。色彩的分布與班級單元進(jìn)行規(guī)律的組合，并進(jìn)行由暖色到冷色的漸變和樓層間的錯動，形成既有規(guī)律又絢麗多變的具有童心童趣的空間環(huán)境。

幼兒園應(yīng)以怎樣的空間形態(tài)來回應(yīng)基地？呈現(xiàn)怎樣的形象來提升區(qū)域的整體品質(zhì)？榭麗花園幼兒園在十字路口的獨(dú)特位置和形態(tài)為這個均質(zhì)單一的街區(qū)提供了一個標(biāo)志性的坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)。□（錢強(qiáng) 文）

The Xieli Garden kindergarten is an 18-class community kindergarten of the Xieli Garden residential quarter in the Huishan District of Wuxi. Te building site lies adjacent to the Huishan Intercity Train Station and the station plaza and the structure of the kindergarten is an important landmark representing the city's image in the area.

The design of the kindergarten tackled the challenges of building an early childhood education facility that not only satisfies basic functional and safety requirements but also projects fun and creativity in an urban area with high building density and spatial restrictions.

Shaping the Architectural Space to Correspond with the Project Site Conditions

Kindergartens are the frst place where children come into close contact and interact with people other than their family members. Therefore， the spatial design of kindergartens should create a cozy， family atmosphere that children are familiar with as well as an environment that is full of new discoveries， pleasant surprises， and fun experiences.

Given that this kindergarten is built at the corner of a busy traffic intersection， to shield the children from the trafc and city noise and minimize the impact of dust and exhaust fumes， we designed the building space in an elliptical enclosure with one outdoor space surrounded by a main structure and isolated from the urban area （the inner courtyard）and a second outdoor space that is located at the south of the main structure， adjacent to the urban area （the outer courtyard） to satisfy the need for children's outdoor activities.

The oval-shaped spiral building structure naturally forms two different spatial areas （internal and external）； its long， sloping edge forms the foor areas for the class units and it extends upwards from the ground to the third story in rhythmic spirals，reducing the impact of direct sunshine. Te elliptical structure is placed at a 45-degree angle within the square project site， which gives sufcient room for the building to extend its curved ramp as well as create two large open spaces in the northwest and southeast corner of the main structure. Te streamlined shape of the building generates a dynamic contrast to the surrounding straight road system.

A kindergarten is a space for children to learn and play； therefore， we wanted to offer children a safe courtyard with abundant sunshine so that they can interact with the outside environment and explore the world in a natural and comfortable way.

Te three-storied building takes the shape of a spiraling elliptical ring. With setbacks， overhangs，and circular ramps at various levels， the structure creates a multi-layered， strolling space for outdoor activities， which can stimulate children's curiosity and enhance their enjoyment in exploring. This particularly innovative structure has brought about a new approach in schools to utilize both indoor and outdoor spaces to create an educational environment that is both safe and interesting.

Selecting the Materials and Colour from the Perspective of Children's Physical and Mental Development

Diferent coloured visual efects can give people different visual experiences and thereby directly afect their sense of aesthetic cognition， mood， and even behavioral state. Te background colours in a kindergarten can have a direct impact on children's physical and mental development and health. Hence， the selection of colours for kindergarten buildings is a key factor in the development of children's colour perception and cultivation of aesthetic sensibility.

The colours applied in the project were colours chosen from the local flora in Wuxi with the purpose of building an intrinsic link between the architecture and the region. The colours are distributed in a pattern that refects the class units，with a gradient from warm to cold colours， as well as a differentiation of positions among the floors，creating a recognizable but varied， childlike， and playful spatial environment.

Te project is a perfect example of how spatial forms of kindergartens should be designed to refect the characteristics of the building site as well as how kindergartens should be presented to improve the overall quality of the region. Located at a city cross-section， with its extraordinary appearance，the Xieli Garden kindergarten provides a symbolic reference point in this simple and homogeneous neighborhood. □ （Text by QIAN Qiang）

2 日景/Day view3 夜景/Night view

4 取色與配色分析/Colour analysis5 總平面/Site plan6 首層平面/Floor 0 plan7 二層平面/Floor 1 plan8 三層平面/Floor 2 plan9 功能分析/Program analysis10 流線分析/Flow analysis11 南立面/South elevation12 西立面/West elevation13 東立面/East elevation14 剖面/Sections15 外景/Exterior view

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人/Principal Architect: 錢強(qiáng)/QIAN Qiang

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team:

建筑/Architecture: 錢強(qiáng)，遲曉昱，馮?；ǎ麋? QIAN Qiang， CHI Xiaoyu， FENG Haihua， HU Qiqi

景觀/Landscape: 陸哥，吳亞偉，馬奇達(dá)，沈博/LU Ge，WU Yawei， MA Qida， SHEN Bo

功能/Program: 幼兒園（18班）/18-class kindergarten

材料/Materials: 高透中空玻璃、彩色涂料、半透明亞克力板、穿孔鋁板等/High transmittance insulated glass，colour paint， semi-transparent acrylic board， perforated aluminium panel， etc.

基地面積/Site Area: 11，002.87m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 7891.1m2

容積率/Plot Ratio: 0.72

建筑密度/Building Density: 34%

綠地率/Green Area Ratio: 21%

設(shè)計(jì)周期/Design Period: 2010.10-2013.10

竣工日期/Completion: 2015.09

攝影/Photos: 姚力/YAO Li

16 外景/Exterior view17 內(nèi)景/Interior view18.19 外景/Exterior views

評論

維雷娜·M·申德勒：要想單從圖片來判斷顏色幾乎是不可能的事，因?yàn)殡S著光線條件發(fā)生改變，顏色也會出現(xiàn)很大差異。建材的顏色在這座橢圓形的螺旋狀建筑的北面發(fā)揮了作用，使其與周圍環(huán)境緊密地融合。這個項(xiàng)目的顏色是被隱藏起來的，似乎建筑的生命根本在于其室內(nèi)空間。中庭的地面由不規(guī)則形狀的圖案裝飾，而南面的室外空間在一片綠色背景中泛著白、黃、紅色，仿佛草地上開出巨大的花朵。那種鮮亮的綠色也出現(xiàn)在了室內(nèi)，和金黃一起，但同時也運(yùn)用了非彩色色調(diào)，使空間在視覺上具有舒適感、韻律和景深效果。（辛夢瑤 譯）

王暉：幼兒園這一類項(xiàng)目的顏色使用，可以為各個功能空間提供更為直接的識別性，這也是顏色在建筑設(shè)計(jì)使用中比較常用的一種方法，本案中的色彩和空間本身的關(guān)系較弱，顏色使用隨意、過于曖昧和難以描述，色彩及裝飾圖案如果能夠和室內(nèi)外空間產(chǎn)生更為有效/直接的結(jié)合，就可能對建筑的使用者—兒童的色彩—空間感受帶來更為積極的影響。

Comment

Verena M. Schindler: Judging colours only from pictures is an almost impossible mission， because colours can strongly change depending on the varying light conditions. Te north side of the spiraling elliptical building exterior fully adapts to its surroundings where the material colours dominate. In this project， the applied colour palette is hidden as if the life of the building is essentially in the interior. Te amorphous shapes decorating the ground of the inner courtyard and the southern outdoor space are whitish， yellowish and reddish on a green background-like a meadow with large flowers. The intense green also appears in the interior together with， for example， golden yellows and fashy greens， combined with achromatic shades that give the space a visual comfort， rhythm and depth.

WANG Hui: For the type of kindergarten buildings， the identification of different functional spaces could be benefited from the distinctive uses of different colours. Tis is the way that colours are commonly adopted in architectural design. In this case，however， the relationship between the colours and the spaces are relatively weak. It seems that the colours are randomly used， ambiguous， and indescribable. If the colours and decorations could be bounded more efectively/directly with exterior and interior spaces， it might afect user's experience， i.e. children's colour and spatial experience，more positively. （Translated by QI Yiyi）

Xieli Garden Kindergarten in Huishan， Wuxi， China， 2015

Architects: QIAN Qiang/UDG+SEU

19 外景/Exterior views