SHOOTING WITH INACTION

"During the 2008 Olympics, when I saw Zhang Juanjuan's stance for her last shot, I knew she would win the gold metal."“2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)，張娟娟的最后一箭，我看到第一個(gè)動(dòng)作，就已經(jīng)知道奪金沒有問題?！?/p>

Xu Kaicai, who is in his 70s, still make great efforts to the inheritance and promotion of traditional archery.70余歲的徐開才仍積極致力于傳統(tǒng)射箭的傳承與推廣。

nihao：what's the connection between the archery in Olympics and traditional Chinese archery?

Xu:As for results, either victory or defeat is normal, while in the sense of athletics, the thinking is, how's the future of Chinese archery. Modern archery belongs to athletics and takes the best of the results. However, traditional archery is also called “shooting with inaction”, which pays more attention to the process and emphasizes the accuracy. If these two sides are connected, art and morality can be united to wield a kind of qualitative change. The real master necessarily values the art and morality simultaneously. Reaching a certain level, breaking-through for archers is not just about skills, but thoughts. I've spent most of my life being an athlete and then a coach, and I think I just understood half of it. Later, when I listened to Peng Lin from Tsinghua University and Ma Mingda from Ji'nan University talking about traditional Chinese classics, I started to realize that the other half I lacked was in the morality of traditional Chinese archery.

nihao: what's exactly the morality of traditional Chinese archery?

Xu:the training ideas and guiding ideology of traditional Chinese archery are actually Chinese philosophy and methodology. Traditional archery cherishes “shooting in order to show courtesy”.“Courtesy” here is not only morality, but also a kind of “way of thinking”. The archery morality of the ancients strives eventually for the interaction of inner and outside systems. It's about how to adjust oneself to conform to the “minds of god”(natural law). Everything has its own objective law for development. When you want to shoot straight, there must be a set of standard actions in general to comply with natural law. The archer needs to keep training, keep correcting and keep contemplating to find his own law, and step by step, from inside out to regulate his body to obey the law. This will be achieved during the long-term training, in the process of “seeking the cause in oneself” that is emphasized by traditional archery and finally be accumulated unconsciously. The moment of realizing the status “with God's will” is like a sudden“Zen meditation” or stepping into a situation that“nature and man are one” as well as man and bow are united.

"In 1964, my wife Li Shulan first broke the world record of women's archery upon her last shot of 'trance'." Li is the archer who broke world records most times in the world (17 times in total).“1964年，我的妻子李淑蘭憑最后‘入定’一箭，為中國(guó)打破女子射箭世界紀(jì)錄?！崩钍缣m是迄今打破世界紀(jì)錄最多的射箭運(yùn)動(dòng)員（17次）。照片由受訪者提供

射之道：無(wú)為之射

nihao:奧運(yùn)射箭與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)射箭之間，有什么關(guān)聯(lián)？

徐：奧運(yùn)會(huì)若從結(jié)果來(lái)說(shuō)勝敗都是常事，但從競(jìng)技的角度，會(huì)讓人思考中國(guó)射箭的出路在哪兒?，F(xiàn)代射箭是一種競(jìng)技，它重視結(jié)果，傳統(tǒng)射箭叫“無(wú)為之射”，它重視的是過程，更著重怎么修煉自己去射準(zhǔn)。如果把兩者結(jié)合，就把術(shù)和道結(jié)合了，會(huì)產(chǎn)生質(zhì)變。真正的高手必然是術(shù)道并重的。到達(dá)一定水平后，再想突破，絕對(duì)不是技術(shù)，而是思想。我做了大半輩子運(yùn)動(dòng)員和教練，老覺得只懂了一半。后來(lái)聽清華大學(xué)彭林、暨南大學(xué)馬明達(dá)老師講中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)典，我反應(yīng)過來(lái)了，缺的那一半就在傳統(tǒng)射箭里，在“道”里面。中國(guó)很多經(jīng)典古籍里，例如《論語(yǔ)》《孟子》《易經(jīng)》都有對(duì)射箭的論述，需要去悟、去深入學(xué)習(xí)。

nihao：傳統(tǒng)射箭的“道”是什么？

徐：傳統(tǒng)射箭的訓(xùn)練理念、指導(dǎo)思想，其實(shí)講的是中國(guó)的哲學(xué)觀、方法論。古人講“射以觀德”，其實(shí)這個(gè)“德”不光指品德，還指“思維”。古人的射箭之道，實(shí)際上講的是內(nèi)外系統(tǒng)的互動(dòng)。人怎么調(diào)整自己，去做到順應(yīng)“天意”（自然規(guī)律）。每個(gè)事物都有其發(fā)展的客觀規(guī)律。射準(zhǔn)，客觀存在著一套合乎“天意”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)作。人需要不斷練習(xí)，不斷修正，不斷去悟，找到自己的“天意”，并一步步由內(nèi)到外，控制自己身體達(dá)到“天意”的要求。這需要在長(zhǎng)期的規(guī)范訓(xùn)練下，在“反求諸己”的過程中，無(wú)意識(shí)累積到。在做到“順應(yīng)天意”的那一刻，就像突然“禪定”了，進(jìn)入一種天人合一、人弓合一的境界?，F(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的人開始喜歡射箭，不為射中，就是享受那種匯聚心神、修煉身心的過程。