劉相武 黃東瑛 王 忠 張力群 王 雪
老年恒牙冠齲相關(guān)影響因素分析
劉相武 黃東瑛 王 忠 張力群 王 雪
目的 對(duì)老年恒牙冠齲的相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行研究,進(jìn)一步為老年口腔預(yù)防保健工作提供依據(jù)。方法 抽取我省360例作為研究對(duì)象,男、女各為180例,采取CPI探針對(duì)全口恒牙牙冠齲病情況進(jìn)行檢查,進(jìn)一步結(jié)合調(diào)查問卷及齲病進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析。結(jié)果 城市老年人患齲比率為31.67%,農(nóng)村老年人患齲比率為43.33%;農(nóng)村老年人患齲率高于城市老年人患齲率,兩組數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。女性老年人患齲比率為40.83%,男性老年人患齲比率為34.17%;女性老年人患齲率高于男性老年人患齲率,兩組數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。將360例受檢人口納入Logistic回歸分析,調(diào)查的內(nèi)容包括性別、生活區(qū)域、吸煙史及是否飲茶等。通過分析可知,與患齲呈正相關(guān)性的因素包括生活在農(nóng)村、女性、一年前存在牙痛史;與患齲呈負(fù)相關(guān)性的因素包括無吸煙史、收入>1萬元、具備飲茶史及刷牙史等。結(jié)論 對(duì)于老年恒牙冠齲病,在明確相關(guān)影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上,需采取有效的防治措施,特別是在農(nóng)村,需要大力改善口腔衛(wèi)生條件,以此使老年人口腔保健得到有效強(qiáng)化,進(jìn)一步提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量。
老年恒牙;冠齲;相關(guān)影響因素
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9316.2016.13.010
老年人由于年齡增大,口腔唾液腺萎縮,在唾液量逐漸降低的情況下,口腔自潔功能便會(huì)減弱,從而容易引發(fā)齲病。老年恒牙冠齲多發(fā)于頸部、鄰面等位置[1-2]。為了使老年人的生活質(zhì)量得到有效保障,對(duì)于老年恒牙冠齲病采取有效防止措施極為重要,這是本組對(duì)“老年恒牙冠齲相關(guān)影響因素”進(jìn)行分析的原因?,F(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
1.1一般資料
采取分層、隨機(jī)及等容量抽樣法,抽取我省6個(gè)市縣(3個(gè)為城市,3個(gè)為農(nóng)村)老年人口360例,男、女各為180例;最小年齡61歲,最大年齡78歲。
1.2方法
以《口腔健康檢查方法》及《第三次全國口腔健康流行病學(xué)調(diào)查方案》[3]為參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)360例老年人中口腔內(nèi)恒牙冠齲情況采取進(jìn)一步檢查措施。結(jié)合問卷調(diào)查,相關(guān)人員對(duì)冠齲老年患者進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場詢問,主要內(nèi)容涵蓋了家庭基本情況、口腔保健、日常生活習(xí)慣及對(duì)口腔健康的認(rèn)知等問題[4]。采取CPI探針對(duì)全口恒牙牙冠齲病情況進(jìn)行檢查(每次受檢5 min),進(jìn)一步結(jié)合調(diào)查問卷(每次問卷調(diào)查20 min)及齲病進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析[5]。
1.3統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
文中所有統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)均使用SPSS 13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)數(shù)資料使用頻數(shù)和率(%)表示。計(jì)數(shù)資料使用χ2檢驗(yàn),并采取多因素Logistic回歸分析方法,對(duì)老年恒牙冠齲相關(guān)影響因素進(jìn)行分析。
受檢人數(shù)共360例,城市老年人患齲比率為31.67%,農(nóng)村老年人患齲比率為43.33%,合計(jì)患齲比率為75.00%;農(nóng)村老年人患齲比率高于城市老年人,兩組數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。女性老年人受檢人數(shù)合計(jì)180例,其中女性總患齲比率為40.83%,城市老年人患齲比率為35.00%,農(nóng)村老年人患齲比率為46.67%;男性老年人受檢人數(shù)合計(jì)180例,其中男性總患齲比率為34.17%,其中城市老年人患齲比率為28.33%,農(nóng)村老年人患齲比率為40.00%;女性老年人患齲比率高于男性老年人,兩組數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
本組研究將360例受檢患者納入Logistic回歸分析,被調(diào)查的內(nèi)容包括性別、生活區(qū)域、吸煙史及是否飲茶等?;箭x情況與相關(guān)因素 logistic回歸分析結(jié)果為:性別:回歸系數(shù)0.392,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差0.204,Wald值3.288,P值0.059,OR值1.482;生活區(qū)域:回歸系數(shù)0.542,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差0.169,Wald值10.298,P值0.001,OR 值1.681;是否吸煙:回歸系數(shù)0.142,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差0.218,Wald值0.438, P值0.501,OR值1.161;是否飲茶:回歸系數(shù)0.222,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差0.148,Wald值1.966,P值0.141,OR值1.255。
齲齒導(dǎo)致老年人牙齒脫落,同時(shí)該病灶也是影響老年人身心健康的主要因素[6-7]。老年人一旦牙齒發(fā)生大量脫落,口腔功能減弱,從而影響到老年人飲食等,進(jìn)一步對(duì)老年人生活質(zhì)量構(gòu)成威脅。因此,找出老年恒牙冠齲的相關(guān)影響因素便有著極為重要的意義[8]。本研究通過分析可知,農(nóng)村老年人患齲率高于城市老年人患齲率,兩組數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。女性老年人患齲率高于男性老年人患齲率,兩組數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。對(duì)于老年恒牙冠齲病,相關(guān)影響因素主要包括生活在農(nóng)村、女性、一年前存在牙痛史等。在明確相關(guān)影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上,需采取有效的防治措施,特別是在農(nóng)村,需要大力改善口腔衛(wèi)生條件,以此使老年人口腔保健得到有效強(qiáng)化,進(jìn)一步提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量。
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Analysis of Influencing Factors of Elderly Crown Caries
LIU Xiangwu HUANG Dongying WANG Zhong ZHANG Liqun WANG Xue Department of Stomatology,F(xiàn)AW General Hospital,Changchun Jilin 130011,China
【Abstract】
Objective To research on the relevant influence factors of the permanent tooth coronal caries in the elderly,so as to provide further foundation for the preventive oral health care of the elderly. Methods 360 cases were selected across our province as the objects of study,with 180 male and 180 female cases,respectively. CPI probe was utilized for examining the permanent tooth coronal caries in the whole mouth,and correlation analysis was conducted in combination with the questionnaire and the dental caries. Results The prevalence of dental caries in the elderly in the urban area was 31.67%,while that in the rural area was 43.33%,that was higher in the rural area than in the urban area,and the difference in the data between the two groups showed statistically significance(P<0.05). The prevalence of dental caries in the female elderly was 40.83%,while that in the male elderly was 34.17%; that was higher in the female elderly than in the male elderly,with the difference in the data between the two groups being statistically significant (P<0.05). The 360 cases of population for test were incorporated into the Logistic for regression analysis,and the investigated contents of the respondents included sex,living area,smoking history as well as the tea-drinking condition. It could be obtained through analysis that the factors that showed positive correlation with the development of dental caries included living in the rural area,female,and presence of toothache history one year ago,while the factors that were negatively correlated with the development of dental caries included negative smoking history,income of more than¥10 000,positive tea-drinking history and tooth-brushing history. Conclusion Effective control measures should be taken for the permanent tooth coronal caries in the elderly on the basis of determining the relevant influence factors,particularly in the rural area where oral health conditions should be improved greatly,so that effective reinforcement could be obtained for the oral health in the elderly,thus further enhancing the quality of life in the elderly.
Permanent tooth in the elderly,Coronal caries,Relevant influence factors
R78
A
1674-9316(2016)13-0015-02
一汽總醫(yī)院口腔科,吉林 長春 130011