許 霞,白 曉,賈曉煒
1.710054西安,武警陜西總隊醫(yī)院檢驗科;2.北京100091,解放軍第309醫(yī)院內(nèi)分泌科
冠心病不同分支病變對血清新喋呤、同型半胱氨酸及基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶的影響
許霞1,白曉1,賈曉煒2
1.710054西安,武警陜西總隊醫(yī)院檢驗科;2.北京100091,解放軍第309醫(yī)院內(nèi)分泌科
隨著高血壓病、糖尿病等發(fā)病的增多,冠狀動脈粥樣硬化性心臟病(簡稱冠心病)發(fā)病率也呈逐年上升趨勢[1]。新喋呤(neopterin, Np)是三磷酸鳥苷的代謝產(chǎn)物,可較好地反映細(xì)胞免疫狀態(tài),冠狀動脈粥樣硬化發(fā)生時,細(xì)胞免疫在多種細(xì)胞因子作用下被激活,導(dǎo)致Np水平升高。同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine, Hcy)可促進IL-6釋放[2],是介導(dǎo)冠心病患者粥樣硬化斑塊炎性反應(yīng)的重要因素。基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases,MMP)家族在體內(nèi)主要降解細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)(ECM)[3],參與結(jié)締組織降解、炎性反應(yīng)及缺血缺氧性損傷[4]。但冠心病不同分支病變對血清Np、Hcy及MMP的影響尚未完全明確,為此筆者對就診于我院的不同分支病變的冠心病患者檢測了相關(guān)指標(biāo)并進行了分析。
1對象與方法
1.1對象選擇2012-01至2014-06到我院就診的冠心病148例,其中男85例,女63例,年齡57~70歲,平均(63.4±7.5)歲,均根據(jù)2000年美國心臟病學(xué)會(ACC)指定的穩(wěn)定性心絞痛及急性冠脈綜合征(acute coronary syndromes, ACS)的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[5]確診。入選對象均采用冠狀動脈造影明確冠脈病變的情況,冠狀動脈主干管腔狹窄≥50%即為存在冠脈狹窄,并根據(jù)左前降支、左回旋支及右冠狀動脈中狹窄的動脈支數(shù)分為單支組、雙支組、多支組,分別有58、53、37例。所有入選患者均無惡性腫瘤、急性重癥感染、慢性病毒性肝炎且近2個月內(nèi)未服用可能對膽紅素代謝產(chǎn)生影響的藥物。
1.2檢測方法所有入選患者均于入選后次日晨抽取靜脈血5 ml,1500 r/min 離心30 min后取血清待檢,采用化學(xué)發(fā)光法檢測Hcy,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附實驗(ELISA)法檢測Np,以及MMP-2、MMP-9及TIMP-2。檢測由我院檢驗科完成,操作嚴(yán)格按照說明書進行,并保證質(zhì)控符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
2結(jié)果
2.1冠心病不同分支病變對Np、Hcy及MMP的影響雙支組Hcy較單支組升高(P<0.05),而Np與單支組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義;多支組中Np及Hcy均較單支、雙支組有明顯升高,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。雙支組MMP-2,MMP-9較單支組均高,而TIMP-2較單支組則低,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。多支組MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2較單支、雙支組變化更加明顯,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見表1。
表1 冠心病不同分支病變對Np及Hcy及MMP的影響 ±s)
注:與單支組比較,①P<0.05;與雙支組比較,②P<0.05
2.2Np、Hcy與MMP相關(guān)性分析Np與MMP-9呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05),而與TIMP-2呈負(fù)相關(guān) (P<0.05);Hcy與MMP-2、MMP-9呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05),而與TIMP-2呈負(fù)相關(guān) (P<0.05,表2)。
表2 冠心病患者血清中Np及Hcy
3討論
冠心病是常見的心肌缺血性疾病之一,多是由于冠狀動脈狹窄導(dǎo)致循環(huán)障礙,冠狀動脈血流與心肌需氧量不平衡而出現(xiàn)心前區(qū)不適,目前,已成為死亡的重要原因之一[5]。冠狀動脈粥樣硬化發(fā)病過程涉及多種細(xì)胞因子[6],后者導(dǎo)致血管內(nèi)皮炎性反應(yīng)的發(fā)生,因而,具有提示冠心病進展的作用。Hcy對冠心病發(fā)病過程的影響表現(xiàn)在它對血管內(nèi)皮的細(xì)胞毒性作用[7]。MMP-2及MMP-9是促進血管平滑肌遷移及細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)代謝的重要因子[8],并與粥樣硬化斑塊的穩(wěn)定性有關(guān)。但目前對Hcy及Np與MMP家族的關(guān)系尚未明確。
冠狀動脈粥樣硬化的發(fā)生是一個復(fù)雜的病理生理過程,涉及的機制包括免疫紊亂導(dǎo)致血管內(nèi)皮損傷,脂質(zhì)沉積及ECM降解等。冠狀動脈粥樣硬化支數(shù)直接反映冠心病的病變范圍,因而研究不同病變范圍患者相關(guān)因子之間的關(guān)系具有重要意義。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隨冠心病病變范圍增大,Hcy、Np、MMP-2、MMP-9均出現(xiàn)明顯升高,但TIMP-2顯著降低。由此提示, Hcy、Np及MMPs可以反映冠心病變范圍,如以上因子水平升高可提示冠心病患者發(fā)生彌漫性病變、多支病變的可能性大。
MMP-2及MMP-9是參與粥樣斑塊形成過程中細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)降解的關(guān)鍵因子[9],過度表達使細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)中Ⅳ型膠原分解增加,暴露隱藏的功能位點,并參與基膜降解及ECM重塑、血管平滑肌細(xì)胞增殖及遷移等過程[10],成為導(dǎo)致冠狀動脈粥樣硬化發(fā)生及范圍增大的重要因素。另外,MMP-2及MMP-9活性增強亦可作用于心肌細(xì)胞的代謝過程,導(dǎo)致心肌結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)正常的膠原被破壞而被纖維性結(jié)構(gòu)代替[11],成為導(dǎo)致心電活動紊亂及心肌收縮能力下降的重要因素[12]。本研究表明,Np與MMP-9呈正相關(guān),與TIMP-2呈負(fù)相關(guān);Hcy與MMP-2、MMP-9呈正相關(guān),與TIMP-2呈負(fù)相關(guān)。Hcy及Np與MMPs相關(guān)可能在于兩者可激活單核細(xì)胞IL-6釋放增加,而后者對于炎性細(xì)胞向血管壁募集及增強炎性反應(yīng)具有重要作用。該過程還伴隨著活性氧產(chǎn)生增加,導(dǎo)致低密度脂蛋白過氧化并減少NO的合成。
綜上所述,Hcy等的水平失調(diào)等伴隨MMP/TIMP比例失衡,提示 Hcy及Np導(dǎo)致的血管內(nèi)皮炎性反應(yīng)是激活細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)代謝紊亂、粥樣硬化斑塊形成的重要誘發(fā)因素。由此可以看出,Hcy及Np作為上游的細(xì)胞因子,其誘發(fā)的血管內(nèi)皮炎性反應(yīng)是導(dǎo)致ECM重構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵因素。
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(2014-08-27收稿2014-11-26修回)
(責(zé)任編輯武建虎)
【摘要】目的探討冠狀動脈粥樣硬化性心臟病(簡稱冠心病)不同分支病變對血清新喋呤(neopterin, Np)、同型半胱氨酸及基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶的影響。方法選擇冠心病148例,根據(jù)病變分支數(shù)量分為單支組、雙支組、多支組,分別有58例、53例、37例。檢測血清Np、Hcy及MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2水平,并比較各組中的差別及分析它們之間的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果多支組Np[(12.45±3.09)nmol/L] 和Hcy[(23.71±4.57) μmol/L]均高于單支、雙支組,雙支組Hcy還高于單支組,差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。雙支組MMP-2[(49.83±7.64)ng/L]、MMP-9[(194.81±17.58)ng/L]較單支組均高,而TIMP-2[(283.70±23.45)ng/L]較單支組則低,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。多支組MMP-2[(63.42±8.59)ng/L]、MMP-9[(249.73±24.16)ng/L]、TIMP-2[(205.61±17.32)ng/L]較單支、雙支組變化更加明顯,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。Np與MMP-9呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05),而與TIMP-2呈負(fù)相關(guān) (P<0.05);Hcy與MMP-2、MMP-9呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05),而與TIMP-2呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P<0.05)。結(jié)論Hcy與Np是反映冠狀動脈粥樣硬化范圍增加的重要因素,且與反映冠狀動脈重構(gòu)相關(guān)的MMPs家族密切相關(guān)。
【關(guān)鍵詞】冠心??;新喋呤;同型半胱氨酸;基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶
【中國圖書分類號】R543.3
Effects of serum neopterin and homocysteine levels on substrate metals protease in patients with coronary heart disease in different branches
XU Xia1, BAI Xiao1, and JIA Xiaowei2. 1.Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Xi’An 710054, China;2.Department of Endocrinology, the 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100091, China
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of serum neopterin and homocysteine levels on substrate metals protease in patients with coronary heart disease in different branches. Methods148 coronary heart disease patients were divided into single lesion group and double branch lesion group, multivessel lesions group, 58, 53, and 37 cases, respectively. Blood was sampled to detect Hcy, Np, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 levels. ResultsHcy in duble lesion group was significantly higher than in single lesion (P<0.05), Np [(12.45±3.09)nmol/L] and Hcy [(23.71±4.57) μmol/L] in multilesion group showed significant increase than in the groups A and B (P<0.05). MMP-2[(49.83±7.64)ng/L], and MMP-9[(194.81±17.58)ng/L] in double lesion group were significantly higher than in single lesion group (P<0.05), TIMP-2 [(283.70±23.45)ng/L] in double lesion group significantly decreased (P<0.05). MMP-2 [(63.42±8.59)ng/L], MMP-9 [(249.73±24.16) ng/L] and TIMP-2 [(205.61±17.32)ng/L] in multilesion group were significantly different from the single and double lesion groups (P<0.05). Np and MMP-9 showed significant positive correlation (P<0.05), and TIMP-2 showed significantly negative correlation (P<0.05), Hcy and MMP-2 and MMP-9 showed significantly positive correlation (P<0.05), and TIMP-2 showd significantly negative correlation (P<0.05). ConclusionsNp and Hcy are closely related to the field of coronary heart disease, which are closely related to MMPs indicating the progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
【Key words】coronary heart disease; neopterin; homocysteine; matrix metalloproteinases
通訊作者:賈曉煒,E-mail:ywljxwgg@163.com
作者簡介:許霞,本科學(xué)歷,技師,E-mail:youyoucrh@sina.cn