余可佳
高考英語(yǔ)湖北卷的完形填空一般以故事題材為主,兼有少許議論。文章內(nèi)容貼近人們的日常生活。話(huà)題不偏不怪,理解難度不大。文章的結(jié)構(gòu)基本按時(shí)間順序推進(jìn)。今年完形填空也是如此。文章分為七段。第一段交待故事的背景,中間五段講述作者一家人在帕洛阿杜羅峽谷國(guó)家公園的經(jīng)歷,第七段發(fā)表感想,提升主題。文章結(jié)構(gòu)普通,理解難度不大。
剖析2014年高考英語(yǔ)湖北卷的完形填空可以發(fā)現(xiàn):完形填空的文章長(zhǎng)度適中。湖北卷今年的完形填空全文共298詞,閱讀量相對(duì)較小,從而降低了題目的難度。
從設(shè)題的方式看,整篇完形填空題沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的考題。在20個(gè)要填的詞語(yǔ)中有6個(gè)名詞、6個(gè)動(dòng)詞、6個(gè)形容詞或副詞和2個(gè)介詞。所以要填的詞幾乎都是實(shí)詞。著重考查語(yǔ)義理解,要求考生根據(jù)文章情節(jié)的發(fā)展填空。
從詞匯的角度看,文中詞匯多為初中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基礎(chǔ)的1920詞。文中只有fail, truck, position, permanent, link, guest, hire, available, survive, violently, substitute, tiny, television, jewel, hardship和trail等18個(gè)高中詞匯,基礎(chǔ)詞匯占總詞匯量的94%,只有極個(gè)別生僻詞。同時(shí)要求考生能夠通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法理解合成詞rent-free, campsite和派生詞reorganize。
When our restaurant business failed, we headed north in a camping truck to Texas, hoping to have a “fresh start”.
At the 1 of Palo Duro Canyon(峽谷) State park, I 2 a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a 3 , permanent campsite in the park, and 4 , the hosts served as a link between the parks guests and the rangers(護(hù)林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an 5 for the following day.
The park was 6 , so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks(臭鼬) walking toward our table. We 7 climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to 8 , our camp.
Having survived that night, we were 9 that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our 10 and gave us a beautiful campsite.
That evening, 11 , we learned about the canyon 12 . They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently, and we lay 13 in the dark until the winds died away.
14 the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and 15 the little money my wife 16 by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful 17 . For a time after our business 18 I thought I might lose my family as well.
Living in the tiny 19 with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself 20 for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!
1. A. back B. edge
C. centre D. entrance
2. A. sponsored B. published
C. convenient D. answered
3. A. safe B. free
C. convenient D. answeredendprint
4. A. in return B. in time
C. in short D. in turn
5. A. attempt B. agreement
C. appeal D. appointment
6. A. crowded B. dangerous
C. ideal D. appointment
7. A. repeatedly B. immediately
C. eventually D. calmly
8. A. attack B. leave
C. pass D. search
9. A. satisfied B. determined
C. confident D. aware
10. A. responsibilities B. requirements
C. circumstances D. conditions
11. A. moreover B. therefore
C. meanwhile D. however
12. A. winds B. snows
C. woods D. trails
13. A. shaking B. quarrelling
C. mourning D. aching
14. A. After B. Between
C. During D. Beyond
15. A. give away B. hand out
C. live on D. put aside
16. A. borrowed B. earned
C. posted D. raised
17. A. business B. career
C. family D. image
18. A. started B. failed
C. expanded D. declined
19. A. truck B. park
C. house D. camp
20. A. desperate B. ready
C. suitable D. thankful
【答案與解析】
文章講述了作者在自己的餐飲業(yè)失敗之后,開(kāi)著房車(chē)帶著家人北上得克薩斯州宿營(yíng),以期尋求新的開(kāi)始。結(jié)果在帕洛阿杜羅峽谷國(guó)家公園承接一份公園主的工作。工作的具體事情是聯(lián)絡(luò)游客與護(hù)林員以換取免費(fèi)宿營(yíng)地。期間經(jīng)歷了許多困難。但他們一家人擠在小卡車(chē)上看書(shū)和談話(huà)使他們獲得了一種家庭感。
1. D。公園的招聘廣告常常在公園的入口處。
2. C。說(shuō)明在公園的入口處看到招聘廣告。
3. B。一個(gè)生意失敗的人手頭錢(qián)不多需要免費(fèi)宿營(yíng)地。
4. A。in return表示“作為回報(bào)”,說(shuō)明以工作換取免費(fèi)宿營(yíng)地。
5. D。有意接受招聘,于是就預(yù)約面談。
6. A。crowded表示“擁擠有”。公園是公共場(chǎng)所,擁擠是很可能的。
7. B。要趕走臭鼬,就要?jiǎng)幼餮杆?。所以,immediately表示“立刻”。
8. B。在有臭鼬在附近干擾人的生活的時(shí)候,人等候的結(jié)果自然是要臭鼬離開(kāi)。因此,leave正確。
9. C。經(jīng)過(guò)了一件麻煩事之后,對(duì)后面的事情有“會(huì)比較順利”的看法,這一定他們的信念。be confident接從句就可以間接表示“相信”之義。
10. A。當(dāng)一個(gè)人接受了工作之后,需要明白的是他的職責(zé)。情節(jié)至此,公園的老板解釋他們的責(zé)任(responsibility)合乎情理。
11. C。前文說(shuō)明了老板給了他們一個(gè)美麗的宿營(yíng)地。在那里,作者除了感受到峽谷的美麗之外,還感受到了峽谷晚風(fēng)的強(qiáng)烈與寒冷。所以,用meanwhile(與此同時(shí))表示并列。
12. A。從下行中的until the winds died away(直到風(fēng)停下來(lái))可知此處指的是峽谷的晚風(fēng)。
13. A。在強(qiáng)烈的風(fēng)中小卡車(chē)會(huì)振動(dòng),睡在車(chē)內(nèi),人也會(huì)振動(dòng)。因而此空填shaking是正確的。
14. C。故事按時(shí)間順序推進(jìn),至此要敘述接下來(lái)發(fā)生的事情,所以需要一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)——During the weeks that followed,表示“在接下來(lái)的幾周里”。
15. C。與survive并列用live on the little money,說(shuō)明他們困難的境地。
16. B。作者自己在帕洛阿杜羅峽谷國(guó)家公園做公園主,所以那一點(diǎn)錢(qián)是妻子賺(earn)來(lái)的。
17. C。一個(gè)忙生于生計(jì)人,難得有時(shí)間去經(jīng)營(yíng)自己的家庭。
18. B。根據(jù)前文的交待,說(shuō)明他對(duì)生意失敗后的思考。所以failed是正確的。
19. A?;氐剿逘I(yíng)時(shí)的情景中,說(shuō)明他們住在卡車(chē)中,因此要填truck。
20. D。作者從許多艱難困苦的經(jīng)歷中能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)有益元素,說(shuō)明作者對(duì)待生活具有感恩的態(tài)度。所以thankful是正確的。
【預(yù)測(cè)與指導(dǎo)】
隨著完形填空題的分值由(1.5×20=)30分降至(1×20=)20,其難度必定會(huì)有一定程度的減小。然而完形填空題是一類(lèi)非常需要答題技巧的題。開(kāi)篇信息不充分時(shí),蠻撞答題容易出錯(cuò)。文章中部偏后一點(diǎn)的空格,因信息量過(guò)份密集,容易出錯(cuò)。文中不定地會(huì)出現(xiàn)個(gè)別生僻結(jié)構(gòu)或俗語(yǔ)表達(dá)等等超出考生的理解范疇也容易出錯(cuò)。所以要加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí),掌握解題技巧,提高解答準(zhǔn)確率。做到文首從容答題,等待信息;文中謹(jǐn)慎答題,理解句意;難點(diǎn)反復(fù)酌琢,不要放棄。
完形填空題的解題能力從哪里來(lái)?答案很簡(jiǎn)單,從適量的完形填空訓(xùn)練中來(lái)。經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我們基礎(chǔ)年級(jí)每周訓(xùn)練兩篇完形填空,高三年級(jí)上學(xué)期每隔天訓(xùn)練一篇,沖刺時(shí)每天訓(xùn)練一篇。等到技巧掌握之后,高考前夕可以適當(dāng)讓位于其他題型的訓(xùn)練。endprint