史惠琴等
摘要對(duì)2009~2013年隴東地區(qū)馬鈴薯晚疫病發(fā)生流行原因進(jìn)行了分析,并提出了防控措施。結(jié)果表明,氣候適宜是該病發(fā)生流行的決定因素;品種抗病性差、菌源量充足、栽培管理不規(guī)范、防控措施不到位是發(fā)生流行的主要原因。提出了選用抗病品種、 減少菌源、加強(qiáng)栽培管理、藥劑防治、開展監(jiān)測(cè)和統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治等綜合防控措施。
關(guān)鍵詞隴東;馬鈴薯晚疫??;流行原因;防控措施
中圖分類號(hào)S435.32文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)0517-6611(2014)21-07076-02
The Epidemic Reason Investigation and Prevention and Control Measures of Potato Late Blight in Longdong
SHI Huiqin, SHI Zhifeng(Jingchuan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jingchuan, Gansu 744300)
AbstractThe epidemic reasons of potato late blight in Longdong area were analyzed from 2009 to 2013, the prevention and control measures were put forward. Its clear that climate optimum is the determinant factor of epidemic, and that major epidemic reasons are poor disease resistance of varieties, abundant pathogen, unnormative cultivation management and inadequate prevention and control measures. Thus, comprehensive prevention and control measures are proposed, including selecting diseaseresistant varieties, reducing fungus resource, strengthening cultivation management, developing chemical control, conducting surveillance, promoting the professional pest control system and so on.
Key wordsLongdong; Potato late blight; Epidemic reason; Prevention and control measure
馬鈴薯晚疫病連年達(dá)中度至中度偏重發(fā)生,一般年份減產(chǎn)15%左右,嚴(yán)重年份減產(chǎn)30%以上,造成馬鈴薯商品率下降、產(chǎn)量效益低而不穩(wěn),直接影響了農(nóng)民增收及農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。為此,筆者對(duì)馬鈴薯晚疫病發(fā)生流行成因進(jìn)行了研究,并提出了防控措施,旨在為指導(dǎo)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)的持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展提供借鑒。
1發(fā)生情況
3.5積極開展監(jiān)測(cè)和統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治市、縣各級(jí)行政和植保部門要設(shè)立馬鈴薯晚疫病數(shù)字化監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警系統(tǒng),建立健全縣、鄉(xiāng)、村三級(jí)監(jiān)測(cè)和防治體系,及時(shí)掌握晚疫病發(fā)生動(dòng)態(tài)。當(dāng)田間發(fā)現(xiàn)中心病株時(shí),應(yīng)在3 d內(nèi)組織機(jī)防隊(duì)開展統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治和群防群治。抓住重點(diǎn)區(qū)域和防治關(guān)鍵期,實(shí)施“統(tǒng)一部署、統(tǒng)一時(shí)間、統(tǒng)一技術(shù)、統(tǒng)一藥械”的專業(yè)化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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