上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué) 萬(wàn)萍選譯

According to the research of a University of Oxford team,ourperception(感知)of how food tastes is influenced by tableware.Size,weight,shape and color of the tableware all have an effect on flavor.For example,cheese tastes saltier when eaten from a knife rather than a fork;while white spoons makeyoghurt(酸奶)taste better.The study suggests the brain makes judgments on food even before it goes in the mouth.

More than 100 students took part in three experiments on the influence of weight,color and shape of tableware on taste.

They found that when the weight of the tablewareconformed(與……相符)toexpectations(預(yù)期；期望),it had an impact on how the food tastes.For example,food tasted sweeter on the small spoons that are traditionally used to serve desserts.

Color was also an important factor—white yoghurt eaten from a white spoon wasrated(評(píng)定；認(rèn)為)sweeter than white yoghurt tasted on a black spoon.

Similarly,when people were offered cheese on a knife,spoon,fork or toothpick,they found that the cheese from a knife tasted saltiest.

In fact,how we experience foodinvolves(涉及)taste,aroma(食物的香味),and the vision.Even before we put food into our mouths our brains have made a judgment about it,which affects our overall experience.

Past research has shown that tableware can change our perception (感知)of food and drink,while the new research willprobe into(探討；調(diào)查)how the influences could helpdieters(節(jié)食者)or restaurants.For example,people generally eat less when food is served on smaller plates.

根據(jù)牛津大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組的研究，我們對(duì)食物味道的感知受到了餐具的影響。餐具的大小，重量，形狀和顏色都能影響到味覺(jué)。比如說(shuō)，奶酪用刀去取會(huì)比用勺子去取感覺(jué)更咸；而用白色的勺子會(huì)讓酸奶吃起來(lái)感覺(jué)味道更好。研究表明，大腦在食物到嘴里去之前就已經(jīng)對(duì)味道做出了判斷。

100多名學(xué)生參加了三個(gè)關(guān)于餐具重量、顏色和形狀對(duì)味道的影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)。

他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)餐具的重量與預(yù)期的相符時(shí)，會(huì)影響食物的口感。例如，使用傳統(tǒng)上用來(lái)吃甜點(diǎn)的小勺子會(huì)讓食物的味道感覺(jué)更甜。

顏色也是影響口感的一個(gè)重要因素——用白色的勺子吃白色的乳酪被認(rèn)為比用黑色的勺子吃起來(lái)口感更甜。

相似的是，當(dāng)給人們提供小刀，勺子，叉子或牙簽時(shí)，他們會(huì)覺(jué)得用刀切下來(lái)的奶酪味道最咸。

事實(shí)上，我們對(duì)食物的體驗(yàn)涉及味覺(jué)，食物的香味和視覺(jué)。即使是在我們把食物放進(jìn)嘴里之前，我們的大腦已經(jīng)對(duì)它做出了的判斷，從而影響我們整體的感覺(jué)。

之前的研究表明，餐具可以改變我們的食品和飲料的感知，而新的研究將去探究這種影響將如何給節(jié)食者或餐館提供幫助。比如說(shuō)，用更小的盤子盛放食物的時(shí)候，人們通常會(huì)吃得更少。