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        高頻動(dòng)詞用法歸納

        2013-04-29 00:44:03潘守寶
        初中生之友·中旬刊 2013年9期
        關(guān)鍵詞:動(dòng)名詞及物動(dòng)詞花費(fèi)

        潘守寶

        【高頻動(dòng)詞一】考查動(dòng)詞enjoy

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 1. We know that she enjoys _____ books very much. (2012年山東省濱州市)

        A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read

        ( ) 2. Peter enjoyed _____ at his party last night. (2012年江蘇省宿遷市)

        A. he B. him C. himself D. his

        3. —The old man looks very healthy. Does he often exercise?

        —Yes. He (喜歡早晨跑步) (enjoy) (2012年湖北省襄陽市)

        【用法歸納】enjoy意為“喜愛,享受……的樂趣”,其后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語,即enjoy doing sth.;固定短語enjoy oneself表示“玩得高興,過得愉快”,相當(dāng)于have a good/ great/ nice time。在運(yùn)用enjoy oneself時(shí)要注意,oneself要與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)一致。如:①M(fèi)ost of the old people enjoy watching Beijing Opera.大多數(shù)老年人都喜歡看京劇。②We enjoyed ourselves very much in the World Park in Beijing last weekend. 我們上周末在北京世界公園玩得非常愉快。

        【高頻動(dòng)詞二】考查動(dòng)詞afford

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 4. I dont think well be able to _____ any travel if we dont save our money. (2012年新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)烏魯木齊市)

        A. afford B. spend C. cost D. pay

        ( ) 5. —Why dont you buy the computer?

        —Its too expensive. I cant _____ it. (2012年湖北省襄陽市)

        A. afford B. sell C. borrow D. keep

        ( ) 6. Miss Taylor never wastes money on anything too expensive, even though she can _____ to. She has donated much of the money she saved to charities. (2012年山西?。?/p>

        A. allow B. remind C. afford

        【用法歸納】動(dòng)詞afford意為“買得起,負(fù)擔(dān)得起”,常與can, could, be able to 等連用,后常接動(dòng)詞不定式,表示“有足夠的錢或時(shí)間做某事”或“負(fù)擔(dān)得起費(fèi)用、損失等”。如:The apartment is so expensive that Mr. Wang cant afford it. 這套公寓是如此的昂貴以至于王先生負(fù)擔(dān)不起它。

        【高頻動(dòng)詞三】考查動(dòng)詞allow

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 7. Girl students in some schools are not allowed _____ long hair. (2012年山東省濰坊市)

        A. having B. have C. had D. to have

        8. The young should be allowed _____(achieve) their dreams on their own. (2012年甘肅省蘭州市)

        9. 嚴(yán)禁酒后駕車。(2012年四川省宜賓市)

        People shouldnt be allowed to _____ after _____.

        【用法歸納】動(dòng)詞allow意為“允許,準(zhǔn)許”,其后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,即:allow sb. to do sth.,表示“允許某人做某事”,其被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式為:sb.+be allowed to do sth。如:①Jacks mother allowed him to wear his school uniform. 杰克的媽媽允許他穿校服。②Smoking is not allowed in our school. 我們的學(xué)校不允許吸煙。

        【高頻動(dòng)詞四】考查動(dòng)詞prefer

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 10. They preferred _____ rather than _____ a bike. (2012年四川省巴中市)

        A. to walk; to ride B. walking; riding C. to walk; ride

        ( ) 11. I prefer _____ some shopping to _____ camping since the weather isnt lovely. (2012年江蘇省連云港市)

        A. do; going B. doing; go C. do; go D. doing; going

        【用法歸納】動(dòng)詞prefer意為“更喜歡”,相當(dāng)于like...better,后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。prefer doing sth. to doing sth.表示“喜歡……而不喜歡……”,prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“寧愿做……而不做……”。如:①—Do you often watch Man and Nature on TV? 你經(jīng)??措娨暽系摹度伺c自然》嗎?—Sometimes. Its an interesting program, but I prefer Sports News. 有時(shí)候看。這是個(gè)有趣的節(jié)目,但我更喜歡《體育新聞》。② Li Tao prefers taking part in the public activities to staying at home alone. 李濤喜歡參加公共活動(dòng)不喜歡自己在家中。

        【高頻動(dòng)詞五】考查動(dòng)詞mind

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( )12. Excuse me, would you mind _____ your voices down, please? (2012年四川省綿陽市)

        A. to keep B. keeping C. keep D. kept

        ( ) 13. —Would you mind turning up the music?

        —_____. Dad is sleeping now. (2012年浙江省寧波市)

        A. Sorry, I cant do it B. OK, Ill do it

        C. No, not at all D. Yes, please

        ( ) 14. —Would you mind opening the window? Its too hot in the room.

        ( ) 14. —_____. Ill do it right away. (2012年吉林?。?/p>

        A. Youd better not B. Of course not

        C. I hope not D. It doesnt matter

        15. 你介意在我外出度假時(shí)照顧一下我的貓嗎?(2012年湖北省黃石市)

        Would you mind _____ _____ of my cat while I am out on holiday?

        【用法歸納】mind意為“介意”,后跟動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語。同時(shí)注意:對(duì)上文進(jìn)行回答,如表示對(duì)方不介意,應(yīng)為“No, not at all.”或“No, of course not.”;如表示對(duì)方介意,有時(shí)用“Yes, I do.”或“Im sorry, but...”。如:Would you mind smoking in the room? 在房間里吸煙你介意嗎?

        【高頻動(dòng)詞六】考查感官動(dòng)詞sound, taste, smell, feel, look

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 16. —Which cake do you like better?

        ( ) 16. —I prefer this one. It _____ more delicious. (2012年黑龍江省綏化市)

        A. sounds B. tastes C. feels

        ( ) 17. —Listen! The music _____ sweet.

        ( ) 16. —Its Yesterday Once More, my favorite. (2012年福建省福州市)

        A. sounds B. smells C. feels

        ( ) 18. The cloth _____ very soft and comfortable. (2012年天津市)

        A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. sounds

        ( ) 19. —Why do you want to stay at home?

        ( ) 19. —Because I _____ good when I am with my family. (2012年山東省濟(jì)南市)

        A. smell B. feel C. taste D. sound

        【用法歸納】感官動(dòng)詞look(看上去), taste(嘗起來), feel(感覺,摸上去), smell(聞起來), sound(聽起來)可作系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞作表語,與形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。注意當(dāng)look意為“看”,它為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,后面須跟副詞。如:①The cookies taste good. Could I have some more?甜餅嘗起來可口,我可以再要一些好嗎?②This song You and Me sounds beautiful. 這首歌《你和我》聽起來很優(yōu)美。

        【高頻動(dòng)詞七】考查表示“說”的動(dòng)詞:say, speak, talk, tell

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 20. The teacher often told Mike ______ too much time playing computer games. (2012,青海省西寧市)

        A . not to spend B. to not spend C. doesnt spend D. not spend

        ( ) 21. —Jim, can you _____ this word in Chinese?

        ( ) 21. —Yes, I can _____ a little Chinese. (2012年湖北省咸寧市)

        A. speak; say B. say; speak C. tell; speak D. talk; say

        【用法歸納】表示“說”的動(dòng)詞有say, tell, speak, talk,但它們的用法各有不同。say意為“講,說”,強(qiáng)調(diào)說話內(nèi)容,一般作及物動(dòng)詞,常用于直接引述所說的話或間接敘述所說的話;speak作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為“說、用、講”,其賓語常是某種語言,speak作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),后常接介詞to或with,表示“與……說話”,后接about或of表示“談到……”;talk意為“講、談?wù)?,談話”是不及物?dòng)詞,talk about意為“談?wù)?,討論”?tell意為“告訴,對(duì)……說”,作及物動(dòng)詞,常用于tell sb. sth./ tell sth. to sb.或tell sb. (not) to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。如:—Can you speak English?你會(huì)講英語嗎? —Yes, I can say some English words. 是的,我會(huì)說一些英語單詞。

        【高頻動(dòng)詞八】考查表示“花費(fèi)”的動(dòng)詞:take, spend, pay, cost

        【專題訓(xùn)練】

        ( ) 22. They _____ five days finishing the work. (2012年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市)

        A. paid B. took C. spent

        ( ) 23. The digital camera is very popular, but some still _____ too much. (2012年四川省樂山市)

        A. cost B. spend C. pay

        ( ) 24. It _____ Mr. Green an hour to fix up his bicycle yesterday. (2012年山東省臨沂市)

        A. cost B. paid C. spent D. took

        25. 老師告訴這個(gè)男孩不要在玩游戲上花太多的時(shí)間。(2012年湖北省隨州市)

        The teacher told the boy not to ______ too much time ______ games.

        【用法歸納】take, spend, pay, cost都可表示“花費(fèi)”,但應(yīng)注意它們的用法各不相同。cost指某事花費(fèi)金錢,主語通常是表物的詞;pay指某人在某物上花費(fèi)金錢,主語是人,常與介詞for搭配;take常用于“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型,表示“做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間”;spend主語通常為某人,常見的用法有:spend some time on sth./ (in) doing sth.,表示“在某物/在某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間”;如:It took me an hour to finish writing the composition yesterday. 昨天寫這篇作文花費(fèi)了一個(gè)小時(shí)。

        Key: 1~5 C; C; enjoys running in the morning; A; A

        Key: 6~10 C; D; to achieve; drive, drinking; C

        11~15 D; B; A; B; looking after

        16~20 B; A; C; B; A

        21~25 B; C; A; D; spend, playing

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