院士風(fēng)采

李國(guó)平

1910.11.15～1996.2.8

數(shù)學(xué)家。廣東豐順人。1933年畢業(yè)于中山大學(xué)。1934年至1936年在日本東京帝國(guó)大學(xué)研讀，1937年至1939年任中華教育文化基金研究員。1940年后相繼任武漢大學(xué)教授，中國(guó)科學(xué)院武漢數(shù)學(xué)物理研究所所長(zhǎng)、名譽(yù)所長(zhǎng)。主要從事函數(shù)論、數(shù)學(xué)物理等方面的教學(xué)和研究工作。在半純函數(shù)、唯一性問(wèn)題、有理函數(shù)表寫問(wèn)題、整函數(shù)理論應(yīng)用、解析函數(shù)逼近、數(shù)學(xué)物理與系統(tǒng)科學(xué)等研究中獲多項(xiàng)突出成就。在函數(shù)論研究方面取得一系列突出成果。在發(fā)展中國(guó)教育事業(yè)、培養(yǎng)科學(xué)人才方面作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

1955年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Mathematician. Born in Fengshun, Guangdong Province. Gradauted from Zhongshan University in 1933. Studied in Tokyo Imperial University from 1934 to 1936. Research professor, China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture from 1937 to 1939, professor, Wuhan University, and director and honorary director, Wuhan Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Li has been chiefly engaged in the education and research of function theory, mathematical physics and has obtained many important achievements in meromorphic function, uniqueness problem, series of rational functions, application of integral function theory, approximation of analytic function, mathematical physics and systems science. In the field of function theory, he has attained a series of extraordenary accomplishments. He also made important contributions in fostering scientefic figures.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

蘇步青

1902.9.23～2003.3.17

數(shù)學(xué)家。浙江平陽(yáng)人。1927年畢業(yè)于日本東北帝國(guó)大學(xué)，1931年獲該校理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1948年當(dāng)選為中央研究院院士。復(fù)旦大學(xué)教授、校長(zhǎng)、名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)。主要從事微分幾何和計(jì)算幾何學(xué)等方面的研究、教學(xué)和教育領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工作，被譽(yù)為“東方第一幾何學(xué)家”。早期在仿射微分幾何學(xué)和射影微分幾何學(xué)研究方面取得出色成果；其后在一般空間微分幾何學(xué)、高維空間共軛網(wǎng)理論、幾何外形設(shè)計(jì)、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助幾何設(shè)計(jì)等方面取得突出成就。在中國(guó)發(fā)展教育事業(yè)、培養(yǎng)科學(xué)人才方面作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

1955年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Mathematician. Born in Pingyang, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Northeast Imperial University, Japan in 1927 and received Ph.D. from the University in 1931. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. President, honorary prdsident and professor, Fuand University.

Su has been engaged in the research, teaching and education in differential geometry and computational geometry and is entitled as the “First Geometer in Oriental”. In his early years, he made excellent projective differential geometry. He botained extraordinary achievements in general space differential geometry, conjugate net theory in higher dimensional space and computer aided geometry design. He also made singificant contributions in developing education and training scientific figures.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

嚴(yán)濟(jì)慈

1901.1.23～1996.11.2

物理學(xué)家。浙江東陽(yáng)人。1923年畢業(yè)于南京高等師范學(xué)校和東南大學(xué)。1925年獲法國(guó)巴黎大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位，1927年獲法國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1948年當(dāng)選為中央研究院院士。中國(guó)科學(xué)院學(xué)部主席團(tuán)名譽(yù)主席，中國(guó)科技大學(xué)教授、校長(zhǎng)、名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)。中國(guó)現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)研究的開創(chuàng)人之一。精確測(cè)定了居里壓電效應(yīng)“反現(xiàn)象”，發(fā)現(xiàn)光雙折射效應(yīng)；系統(tǒng)研究了水晶圓柱體施加扭力起電現(xiàn)象，發(fā)現(xiàn)水晶扭電定律；深入研究了堿金屬蒸氣等光譜，發(fā)現(xiàn)軸向?qū)ΨQ分子有效截面數(shù)值和費(fèi)米—萊因斯伯格方程不符，并為原子物理學(xué)中的斯塔克效應(yīng)等提供了豐富的實(shí)驗(yàn)證明；精確測(cè)定了臭氧紫外吸收系數(shù)，被世界各國(guó)氣象學(xué)家用來(lái)觀測(cè)高空臭氧層的變化達(dá)30年之久；研究壓力對(duì)照相乳膠感光性能的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)壓力能減弱乳膠感光性能；抗戰(zhàn)期間在昆明領(lǐng)導(dǎo)開展應(yīng)用光學(xué)研究，研制成大批軍用、醫(yī)用光學(xué)儀器設(shè)備。在中國(guó)科學(xué)事業(yè)的組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、中國(guó)教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展等方面作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

1955年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Physicist. Born in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Nanjing College and Southeast University in 1923. Received MS from Paris University, France in 1925 and French national doctor of science in 1927. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Honorary president, Presidium of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and professor, president and honorary president, University of Science and Technology of China.

Yan is one of the founders of modern physics research in China. He precisely determined the “Adverse Phenomena” of the Curie piezoelectric effedt and discovered the dual –refraction effect of light. He tackled and examined systematically the electrification phenomena of the crystal cylinder under torsion, established the crystal torsion-electricity principle, carried out deepgoing investigation on the spectrum of alkaline metal vapor, etc.. and discolsed the axis-symmetric molecular effective cross-section value different from that of the Fermi-Linesburg Epuation, providing abundant experimental evidences for the Stack effect in atomic physics. He also precisely edtermined the ultra-violet absorbing coefficient of ozone, which was used for over 30years for observing the varation of the ozonosphere depth by meteorologists from all over the world. In his study on the influence of pressure on the light-sensitivity of photoemulsion, he found that pressure turns out tu weaken emulsion’s sensitivity. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was in charge of the applied optics study and developed a large number of military and medical optical equipment.He has also made important contributions to the management and coordination of Chinese scientific affairs and the development of Chinese education.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

吳有訓(xùn)

1897～1977.11.30

物理學(xué)家。江西高安人。1920年畢業(yè)于南京高等師范學(xué)校。1926年獲美國(guó)芝加哥大學(xué)物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1948年當(dāng)選為中央研究院院士、評(píng)議員。中國(guó)科學(xué)院副院長(zhǎng)、研究員。主要從事近代物理學(xué)特別是X射線散射光譜方面的研究、教學(xué)以及教育與科學(xué)組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工作，是中國(guó)開展近代物理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的先驅(qū)者和奠基人之一。20年代在康普頓的X射線散射實(shí)驗(yàn)研究中完成一系列重要實(shí)驗(yàn)工作，為康普頓效應(yīng)的確立和公認(rèn)做了大量出色工作。為推進(jìn)中國(guó)教育、科學(xué)事業(yè)的發(fā)展作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。

1955年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Physicis. Born in Gaoan, Jiangxi Province. Graduatd from Nanjing Advanced Normal Collage in 1920. Received doctor of physics from Chicago University, USA in 1926. Elected academician and appraiser of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Research professor and vice president, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wu took part in the research and education of modern physics, especially in the field of X-ray scattering spectroscopy. He was one of the pioneers and founders of Chinese modern physics. In the 1920s, he completed a series of important investigations in Compton’s experiments on X-ray scattering, and made outstanding contributions to the general acceptance of the Compton effect. He also devoted himself to the promotion of education and scientific research in China, to which he made significant contributions.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy fo Sciences in 1955.