王小英

1. open與close

1) close v. “關(guān)閉,結(jié)束”。如:

Please close the door. 請關(guān)門。

2) close adj. 靠近的,親近的。如:

The church is close to the school. 教堂在學校附近。

3) closed adj. “關(guān)閉的”。如:

The door is closed. 門關(guān)著。

4) open v. “開,打開”,與close意義相反。如:

Please open the door. 請開門。

The door opened slowly. 這扇門慢慢地打開了。

5) open adj. “開著的”。如:

The door is open. 門開著。

【小試牛刀】Dont ____ the door. Please keep it ____.

A. close; open B. closed; opened C. closed; open D. close; opened

2. enjoy

enjoy常用作及物動詞,意思是“喜歡”、“樂于”、“享受……的樂趣”?，F(xiàn)將其用法簡述如下:

1) enjoy后接名詞或代詞。如:

They are enjoying their dinner. 他們在津津有味地吃飯。

Do you enjoy the film? 你喜歡那部電影嗎?

Alice doesnt enjoy it. 愛麗斯不喜歡它。

2) enjoy后面可接動詞-ing形式。如:

I enjoy listening to light music. 我喜歡聽輕音樂。

Do you enjoy reading? 你喜歡讀書嗎?

He doesnt enjoy singing. 他不喜歡唱歌。

Many students enjoy asking questions in English. 許多學生喜歡用英語問問題。

3) enjoy后面可接反身代詞(oneself),構(gòu)成固定搭配enjoy oneself,意為“過得愉快、玩得高興”,相當于have a good time。如:

——Did you enjoy yourself at the party? 你在聚會時玩得高興嗎?

——I enjoyed myself very much at the party. 我在聚會時玩得很開心。

【小試牛刀】Do you enjoy ____ pop music?

A. listening to B. listening C. listen to D. to listen

3. hope

1) 用于表示可能實現(xiàn)的事情,后接從句時,用陳述語氣。如:

I hope I shall see him again. 我希望再見他一次。

I hope you havent hurt yourself. 但愿你沒有受傷。

2) 用于指對好事的盼望、預想;對壞事的預想則多用“Im afraid…”。如:

I hope it will be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天天氣好。

Im afraid it will rain again. 恐怕還要下雨。

3) hope 所希望的一般指將來或現(xiàn)在的事情,不用于指過去的事情。如:

I hope he will come. 我希望他會來。

4) 可用hope to do sth.句型,而不能用hope sb. to do sth.句型。如:

I hope to watch the football match again. 我希望再看一次那場足球賽。

5) hope后面還可以接that 從句,意為“希望……;能……就好了”。如:

She hopes that I will pass the exam. 她希望我能通過考試。

【詞組搭配】

1) in the hope of sth. 懷著……的希望

2) live in hope(s) of 滿懷希望

3) hope for the best 希望獲得最好的結(jié)果

【小試牛刀】We hope ____ the book again very much.

A. us to read B. to read C. us reading D. reading

4. the other, another, other與others

1) the other指兩者中的“另一個”,通常與 one搭配使用,構(gòu)成one…the other(一個……另一個)。如:

Miss Gao has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other.

高老師一只手拿著一本書,另一只手拿著一枝鋼筆。

The little girl slowly closed one eye and then the other.

小女孩慢慢地閉上了一只眼睛,然后又閉上了另一只。

2) another可以被看作是an與other兩個詞的融合,作“另一個”,“不同的”解,其后只能跟單數(shù)名詞,指不確定數(shù)目中的“另一個”。如:

I dont like this one, show me another. 我不喜歡這個,給我看看另一個。

They stood up one after another. 他們相繼站起來。

但是,當another作“再”,“另外的”解時,可修飾復數(shù)名詞,這時它后面大都跟有few或基數(shù)詞。如:

Theres room for another few people in the back of the bus.

在這輛公共汽車的后部還能容納一些人。

The farm already has ten cows, but they are buying another five (cows).

這家農(nóng)場已有10頭奶牛,但計劃要再買5頭。

3) other表示“別的”,“另外的”,只能與復數(shù)名詞連用。others=other+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。如:

There are other ways of doing this exercise. 做這個練習還有別的方法。

Ask some other people. 問別人吧。

Some students like English and others (other students) like physics.

有些學生喜歡英語,有些學生喜歡物理。

【中考回放】

——We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one?

——No. Can you show me ____?(09年廣東省)

A. another B. each other C. the other D. others

5. stop, remember, forget后接doing和to do

1)stop doing sth.與stop to do sth.

stop doing sth.是“停止做某事”,doing是stop 的賓語,是要停止的動作;stop to do sth.是“停下來開始做某事”,to do是stop的狀語,表示目的,是要開始做的事情。如:

The two girls stopped talking when they saw me. 那兩個女孩一見到我就停止了講話。

The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me.

這兩個女孩一看到我就停下來和我講話。

2)forget/remember to do sth.與forget/remember doing sth.

①forget/remember to do sth. 意為“忘記/記得要做某事”,這里的不定式所表示的動作還沒有發(fā)生。如:

I forgot to lock the door. 我忘記鎖門了。(門沒有鎖)

I remembered to do my English homework. 我記得要做英語作業(yè)。(還沒有去做英語作業(yè))

②forget/remember doing sth. 意為“忘記/記得曾經(jīng)做過某事”,表示曾經(jīng)做了,而忘記/記住了,這里的動名詞所表示的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生過了。如:

I forgot locking the door. 我忘記鎖過門了。(意思是門鎖過而忘記了)

We remembered writing a letter to you. 我們記得曾給你寫過一封信。(意思是寫過信并且記住了)

【中考回放】

——Dont forget ____ my parents when you are in Beijing.

——OK!I wont. (09年長沙市)

A. to see B. see C. seeing

6. visit

1) v. 訪問,拜訪,探望,參觀,游覽,采訪。 如:

Our headteacher visited America. 我們的班主任訪問過美國。

We often visit our grandma. 我們經(jīng)常探望奶奶。

2) n. 訪問,往來,參觀,游覽。如:

The visit to an island is very interesting. 這一次島嶼游覽非常有趣。

3) visitor n. 訪問者,來賓,游客,參觀者。 如:

He is an English visitor. 他是一名英國游客。

【小試牛刀】“What are they doing?”“They ____ the Great Wall.”

A. are visiting B. visiting C. is visiting D. visit

7. take與bring

bring 和take都含有“拿、帶”的意思,但在使用時卻有所不同。

1) bring意為“拿來、帶來”,指把某物或某人從別處帶到說話人所在的地方。如:

Bring me a cup of tea, please. 請給我拿杯茶。

Please bring the CD to school tomorrow. 請明天把那張CD帶到學校。

2) take意為“拿走、帶到”,指把某物或某人從說話人所在的地方帶到別處。有away的含義。如:

Could you help me to take the box to the classroom? 你能幫我將這個盒子拿到教室嗎?

Ill take you to see our teacher. 我將帶你去見我們老師。

注意:bring與here連用,不與there連用;take與there連用,而不與here連用。bring/take sb. sth.=bring/take sth. to sb.。如:

Bring me a dictionary.=Bring a dictionary to me.

Take him this story book.=Take this story book to him.

【中考回放】

——Its raining, Daisy. Please ____ an umbrella with you.

——Thanks. Ill return it to you when I ____ next week. (09年深圳市)

A. take; come B. take; will come C. bring; come D. bring; will come

8. also, too與either

兩者都是副詞,also用法比較正式, 在口語中不常用,一般只用于肯定句,有強調(diào)的意味,常位于主謂之間,即實義動詞之前,助動詞之后;too一般只用于肯定句,通常置于句末,也可插到句中間,有時也可用于否定的陳述句中,但不能放在否定詞的后面;either用于否定句句尾。例如:

They also like playing volleyball. 他們也喜歡打排球。

He is also a student. 他也是一個學生。

I can also do it. 我也能干。

Im fine, too. 我也很好。

He likes comedies, too. 他也喜歡喜劇。

He isnt in Class 3, either. 他也不在3班。

【中考回放】

——I am not sure which tie to wear for the party.

——God!I have no idea, ____.(09年泰安市)

A. too B. neither C. either D. also

9. wear; dress; put on與(be) in

這幾個詞都和“穿;戴”有關(guān),但用法不同。

1) wear是“穿著;戴著”的意思。強調(diào)狀態(tài)。如:

Lucy always wears a red coat. 露西總是穿一件紅色大衣。

2) dress作及物動詞,后接反身代詞,表示“某人自己穿衣服”;后接sb.,表示“給某人穿衣服”。dress up意為“盛裝;裝扮”。如:

The boy can dress himself. 這個男孩能夠自己穿衣服了。

3) put on指“戴上;穿上”,強調(diào)動作。如:

He put on his hat and left. 他戴上帽子離開了。

4) “(be) in+顏色”表示穿什么顏色的衣服,強調(diào)狀態(tài)。如:

The girl in red is my sister. 穿紅衣服的女孩是我妹妹。

【中考回放】

——I saw Ann ____ a green dress at the school meeting.

——I think she looks better ____ red. (09年煙臺市)

A. dressed; in B. put on; wear C. wearing; in D. wear; put on

10. sound

1) n. 聲音。如:

I heard strange sounds in the distance. 我聽見遠處有怪聲音。

2) v. 聽起來(連系動詞,后跟形容詞作表語)。如:

That sounds interesting. 那聽起來很有趣。

【拓展延伸】sound, look, smell, taste, feel意思分別為“聽起來、看起來、聞起來、嘗起來、覺得或摸起來”。這五個動詞均為連系動詞,后面接形容詞作表語。如:

The flower smells very sweet. 這花聞起來很香。

The cotton feels very soft. 這棉花摸起來很軟。

【中考回放】

——Hi, Tony. The milk shake ____ good!

——Im glad you like it. (09年濟南市)

A. sounds B. falls C. goes D. tastes

——Long time no see!

——Oh, it ____ like years since I last saw you. (09年安徽省)

A. looks B. seems C. feels D. sounds