句子:政府已推出一系列刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策,提振了我們的信心。
誤譯:The government has pushed out a series of policies to provoke economy, enhancing our confidence.
正譯:The government has pushed out a series of policies to stimulate economy, enhancing our confidence.
解釋:“刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)”的“刺激”有“激活”、“激勵(lì)”或“推動(dòng)”的意思,是個(gè)褒義詞。而 to provoke 的意思是 to stimulate sb to do sth by making him angry,即“激怒”或“招惹”,是貶義的“刺激”,后面要跟人。英語中沒有 to provoke economy 這樣的搭配?!按碳そ?jīng)濟(jì)”可以譯為 to stimulate economy。
“刺激”的第一個(gè)意思是“內(nèi)、外因作用于人或動(dòng)物的感覺器官”。動(dòng)詞可以譯為to stimulate, to irritate。例如:他喝濃咖啡來刺激神經(jīng)。He drinks strong coffee to stimulate/ irritate his nerves.
“刺激”的第二個(gè)意思是“招惹”。英語可以譯為 to provoke。例如:他失戀了,別刺激他。Dont provoke him, for he is unlucky in love.
“刺激”的第三個(gè)意思是“使人難受”。英語可以譯為to upset。例如:看到鄰居買彩票中獎(jiǎng),給他很大刺激。He was very much upset by his neighbour who had won a lottery prize.
“刺激”的第四個(gè)意思是“激勵(lì)人或推動(dòng)事物,使起積極的變化”。英語可以譯為 to stimulate。例如:這些新建鐵路刺激了這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。These newly built railways have stimulated economic development in this area.
中國政府有望很快發(fā)布更多的刺激消費(fèi)的政策。The Chinese government is expected to issue more policies to stimulate consumption very soon.
“刺激”的第五個(gè)意思是“激勵(lì)的手段”,即“物質(zhì)刺激”。 英語可以譯為 incentive。例如:一味追求物質(zhì)刺激,會(huì)把人們引向歧途。The mere pursuit of incentives will lead people astray.▲ (本欄目供稿:王逢鑫教授)