縱觀歷年高考英語試題，幾乎年年都有對情態(tài)動詞的考查?，F(xiàn)在結(jié)合近幾年的高考試題，分析一下情態(tài)動詞的命題熱點。

一、對情態(tài)動詞一般用法的考查。

can／could能夠can’t／couldn’t 不能must必須

mustn’t不可以（表示禁止）need 需要needn’t 不需要，不必

should 應該may／might 可以

1. Tom， you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this.(2005全國I)

A wouldn’tB mustn’tC needn’tD may not

析：B?！皽罚悴豢梢园岩路襁@樣扔在地上。”表禁止，所以用mustn’t。

2. John， look at the time. ______ you play the piano at such a late hour?(2005全國III)

A MustB CanC MayD Need

析：A?！凹s翰，看看時間，你一定要在這么晚的時候彈鋼琴嗎?” 表“一定，必須”。

3. —Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

—She _______. I’ve already borrowed one.(2005湖南)

A can’tB mustn’tC needn’tD shouldn’t

析：C。根據(jù)答語“我已經(jīng)借了一本”可知 “她不需要，不必”。

4. We hope that as many people as possible ______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.(2006全國II)

A needB mustC shouldD can

析：D?！拔覀兿ＭM可能多的人明天能夠和我們一起去野餐?！薄澳軌颉庇胏an。

二、對情態(tài)動詞表示推測的考查。

情態(tài)動詞后可接動詞原形表示對現(xiàn)在發(fā)生情況的推測，接完成式have done表示對過去發(fā)生情況的推測。此類用法的情態(tài)動詞主要有：

must 用于肯定句，表示“一定”。

can／could 用于否定句，表示“不可能”；用于疑問句，表示“可能”。may／might 用于肯定句，表示“可能”；用于否定句，表示“可能不”。

1. He ______ have completed his work， otherwise， he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.（2005北京）

A shouldB mustC wouldn’tD can’t

析：B。根據(jù)后半句可知，“他一定完成了工作”，所以用must。

2. Helen ______ go on the trip with us， but she isn’t quite sure yet.(2005安徽)

A shallB mustC mayD can

析：C。根據(jù) “she isn’t quite sure yet”可知：“Helen可能跟我們一起去旅行”。

3. —Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?

—No， it ________ be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.(2004全國I)

A can’tB must notC won’tD may not

析：A。根據(jù)后半句可知，“不可能是他”。

4. —Is John coming by train?

—He should， but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.(NMET2002)

A mustB canC needD may

析：D。由“He likes driving his car”可知，“他可能不坐火車來”。

5. Someone is knocking at the door. Who ____ it be?

A canB mayC mustD need

析：A?！坝腥嗽谇瞄T，可能是誰呢？”用于疑問句表示“可能” 用can。

6. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.(2005重慶)

A shouldn’t have been doingB must have been doing

C could have doneD would have done

析：B。must have been doing表示過去某一時刻一定正在做……

三、對情態(tài)動詞+完成式表示虛擬用法的考查。

could have done 本來能夠做（實際上卻沒有）

might have done 本來可能做（卻沒有），表示對過去沒有做成某事的遺憾或責備。

should have done／ought to have done 本應該做某事（實際上卻沒有做），表示責備，驚奇。

shouldn’t have done／ought not to have done 本不應該做某事（卻做了）。

needn’t have done 本來不必做（卻做了），無責備之意。

1. —Catherine， I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks. You ________ it. I could manage it myself.(2005福建)

A needn’t doB needn’t have done

C mustn’t doD shouldn’t have done

析：B。由“I have cleaned the room for you”和“I could manage it myself”可知，“你本不需要這樣做”。

2. I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.(NMET2001)

A mustn’t leaveB shouldn’t have left

C couldn’t have leftD needn’t leave

析：B?！拔艺娴臑槟銚模惚静辉摬桓娑鴦e”，含有“責備”之意。

3. —I stay at a hotel while in New York.

—Oh， did you? You ______ with Barbara.(1998全國)

A could have stayedB could stay

C would stayD must have stayed

析：A。根據(jù)該對話語境及其句意可知，講話人呆在紐約一家酒店，故回話人應表達“你本來能夠和芭芭拉住在一起”。

四、對情態(tài)動詞特殊用法的考查。

1. should “竟然”，表示驚奇、遺憾等語氣。

I’m surprised that anyone of your intelligence should be so foolish as to believe this. 我很驚訝像你這樣聰明的人竟會變得如此愚蠢而相信這件事。

2. can “有時候可能會”， 表示一時的可能性，用于肯定句。

The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow.(2005浙江)

A shouldB mustC willD can

析：D。世界萬維網(wǎng)有時被戲稱為 “the World Wide Wait”， 因為它有時候可能會很慢。

3. 情態(tài)動詞+ have done表示對過去的推測構(gòu)成反意疑問句時。

1）一般情況下，反意疑問句部分的助動詞通常根據(jù)陳述句部分情態(tài)動詞后的助動詞來決定。

2）如果陳述句部分有了明確的過去時間狀語，那么反意疑問句部分的助動詞必須用did來構(gòu)成。

There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture， ________? (2004上海春招)

A didn’t theyB don’t they

C mustn’t theyD haven’t they

析：D。句中沒有明確的過去時間狀語，故用haven’t they。

編輯/梁宇清