一、as用作連詞

1. 用于as...as...結(jié)構(gòu)，其中第二個(gè)as為連詞，其后常跟一個(gè)名詞或代詞，省略了與前面句子相同的謂語和其他成分，既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，否定句式也可用not so...as...

如

Tom runs as fast as John.(John后省略了runs)

She does not sing so well as her sister.(her sister后省略了sings)

2. as可表示時(shí)間，“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。as作此用法時(shí)，常與when，while比較。when后的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語既可是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，又可是短暫性動(dòng)詞，而while后必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；as側(cè)重于主句與時(shí)間狀語從句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常譯為“一邊……一邊……”。

如

When／While he worked in the factory，he learned a lot from the workers. 當(dāng)他在那個(gè)工廠工作的時(shí)候，他從工人那兒學(xué)到了很多。（work為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）

He jumped up when she called. 當(dāng)她打電話來的時(shí)候，他跳了起來。（call為短暫性動(dòng)詞）

I read the novel as I walked along. 我邊走邊讀小說。

3. 表示原因，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，常與because，for，since辨析。because 表示直接原因，常用來回答why的提問；since因?yàn)?，既然，表示顯然的或已知的理由；for因?yàn)?，由于，表示附加的或推斷的理由，不放句首；as由于，鑒于，從句說明原因，主句說明結(jié)果，為常用詞。

{1} Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada，______this was a memory she especially treasured.

A. asB. ifC. whenD. where

答案為A。丟了在加拿大拍攝的照片，甄妮非常難過，因?yàn)檫@是她特別珍惜的記憶。

{2} A man cannot smile like a child，______ a child smiles with his eyes，while a man smiles with his lips alone.

A. soB. but C. and D. for

答案為D。成年人沒法像孩子那樣笑，因?yàn)楹⒆邮怯醚劬υ谛?，而成年人僅僅是用嘴在笑。

{3} ______ all of you knows the news，I won’t tell you about it again.

A. For B. SinceC. When D. Unless

答案為B。既然你們都知道了這個(gè)消息，我就不再告訴你們了。

4. 表示方式，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，“按照，如同”。

Do as I say. 按照我說的去做。

5. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“雖然，盡管”。as作此用法時(shí)，常與though，although比較。as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，必須倒裝，把名詞（省略冠詞）、作表語的形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞原形提到句首，用法與though相似，不同的是though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝，可以不倒裝；although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不倒裝，且多置于句首。

如

Child as he is，he knows a lot.(名詞提到as之前，且省去冠詞)。

Much as he likes the bicycle，he won’t buy it.(副詞much提到句首)

Improbable as it seems，it’s true.(作表語的形容詞提到句首)

Object as you may，I’ll go.（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞原形提到句首）

6. as可譯為“隨著”，這時(shí)常與with辨析。

as為連詞，后須跟句子，with為介詞，后常用復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

如

隨著時(shí)間的推移：as time goes by 或 with time going by

二、as用作介詞

1. as用作介詞時(shí)，意為“作為”。

如

As a teacher，he devoted himself to his students.

2. as有時(shí)可譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。

如

As a child，he preferred to be an artist， but he has changed his mind.

三、as用作代詞

1. as用作代詞時(shí)，常引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句。當(dāng)先行詞前有such，the same修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用as，譯為“……一類的人或物”，構(gòu)成such...as...和the same...as...結(jié)構(gòu)。

{1} 注意the same...as...和the same...that...的區(qū)別。

the same...as...“相同的”，指的是同一類，而非同一個(gè)；the same...that...“同樣的”，指的是同一個(gè)。

如

This is the same watch as I bought in the department store. 這塊表跟我在商店里買的一樣。（指的是同一類，并非同一塊）

This is the same watch that I lost in the hotel yesterday. 這就是我昨天丟在旅店的表。（指同一塊表）

{2} 注意such...as...與such...that...的區(qū)別。

such...as... 引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，as后的定語從句缺少主語或賓語等句子成分，而such...that...為結(jié)果狀語從句，that后必須是一個(gè)完整的句子，意為“如此……以至于……”。

如

The teacher set such a difficult problem as none of us worked out. (as后為定語從句，先行詞problem在定語從句中充當(dāng)work out的賓語)

The teacher set such a difficult problem that none of us worked it out. (that后為一個(gè)完整的句子，句意為老師問了一個(gè)如此難的問題，以至于我們都答不出來)

2. as可引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。

常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：as we all know／as is known to us all 眾所周知

as is hoped／expected／announced... 正如希望／預(yù)料／宣布……的那樣

as is often the case 情況通常都是如此

as作此用法時(shí)，很容易與which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句混淆。as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句位置靈活，可置于句首，也可置于句中，且as有具體的含義“正如”，而which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句只可置于句中，且which僅僅是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，無具體含義。

如

As I explained on the phone，your request will be considered at the next meeting. 正如我在電話中解釋的那樣，你的請求在下次會(huì)議上將會(huì)被考慮。

Jim passed the driving test，which surprised everyone in the office. 吉姆通過了駕駛考試，這讓辦公室的每個(gè)人都很吃驚。

四、as...as...結(jié)構(gòu)

as well as 和……一樣好，和，也

as(so)long as 和……一樣長，長達(dá)，只要

as much as 和……一樣多，多達(dá)，和……程度一樣

as soon as 和……一樣快，一……就

as far as 和……一樣遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)達(dá)，直到，就……，據(jù)……

鞏固練習(xí)

1. _____，he talks a lot about his favourite singers after class.

A. A quiet student as he may be

B. Quiet student as he may be

C. Be a quiet student as he may

D. Quiet as he may be a student

2. The more I think about him，the more reasons I find for loving him _____ I did.

A. as much asB. as long as

C. as soon asD. as far as

3. _____，Carolina couldn’t get the door open.

A. Try as she mightB. As she might try

C. She might as tryD. Might she as try

4. _____ is reported in the newspaper，talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What

5. I feel that one of my main duties _____ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.

A. forB. byC. asD. with

6. Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours in every 24 hours，and they sleep less _____ they grow older.

A. whileB. asC. whenD. after

7. They expect the students to be responsible for the things they do，just as grown?鄄ups _____.

A. willB. doC. canD. are

8. These houses are sold at such a low price _____ people expected.

A. likeB. asC. thatD. which

9. He found it increasingly difficult to read，_____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

A. andB. forC. butD. or

10. A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds _____ strong as 113 miles an hour.

A. tooB. veryC. soD. as

11. Pop music is such an important part of society _____ it has even influenced our language.

A. asB. thatC. whichD. where

12. _____ his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strange

C. As strange it might soundD. Strange as it might sound

13. —How far apart do they live?

—_____I know，they live in the same neighbourhood.

A. As long asB. As far as

C. As well asD. As often as

參考答案

1—5 BAABC 6—10 BDBBD11—13 BDB

編輯/梁宇清