丁　蘭

不少情景對話使用頻率高，表達效果好，考查可能性大，本文談?wù)勂錈狳c內(nèi)容及應(yīng)對方法。

一、考查對常見話題對話規(guī)律的把握

考點說明：請看下表

典型考例：

1. ——Do you mind if I open the window?

——____ (2005青海中考非課改卷)

A. No, of course not.

B. Yes, you can.

C. No, you cant open it.

析：A對方詢問是否介意時可用No, of course not.作答。

2. ——Happy birthday to you!

——____ (2003南寧中考)

A. Happy birthday to you! B. I am very glad.

C. Thats all right. D. Thank you.

析：D 對方祝自己生日快樂時可用Thank you.作答。

3. ——Wow! What a nice dress you are wearing!

——____. (2005山東中考課標(biāo)卷)

A. Thank you B. I think so C. Yes, it is D. No, its bad

析：A前句表贊揚，可用Thank you.作答。

4. ——Im terribly sorry to step on your foot.

——____. (2005南京中考)

A. Dont say that B. Never mind

C. Youre welcome D. Thats right

析：B前句表道歉，可用Never mind作答。

5. ——Excuse me, could you help me carry the heavy box?

——____. (2005安徽中考大綱卷)

A. Yes, I could B. It doesnt matter

C. With pleasure D. Dont mention it

析：C對方向自己求助時可用With pleasure.作答。

6. ——____.

——I want a pair of sports shoes. (2003成都中考)

A. May I help you, sir?

B. What do you want to buy, sir?

C. What do you do, sir?

析：A由答句可推出該空為服務(wù)員詢問對方欲買什么用語，可用May I help you, sir?來提問。

7. ——Shall I take this chair to your room?

——____. Ill do it myself. (2005安徽中考大綱卷)

A. Yes, please B. Good idea C. No, thanks D. Never mind

析：C對方主動提出幫助自己時可用No, thanks.來委婉拒絕。

8. ——I passed the driving test yesterday.

——____! (2004浙江溫州中考)

A. With pleasure B. Congratulations

C. Have a good time D. Youre welcome

析：B對對方大型成功之事應(yīng)用Congratulations.來表示祝賀。

9. ——Hello, may I speak to Ken?

——____ (2005甘肅中考)

A. Yes, please. B. Hold on, please.

C. Who are you? D. Yes, Im Ken.

析：B問句為打電話用語，可用Hold on, please.作答。

10. ——May I speak to Mr. Green, please?

——____ (2003桂林中考)

A. This is Mr. Green speaking. B. Yes, I am.

C. Do you know him? D. Im speaking.

析：A 問句為打電話用語，可用This is…speaking.作答。

11. ——Help yourself to some fish, please.

——____. (2004四川中考)

A. Thanks. Ive had enough B. No, I cant C. I dont like it

析：A 對方勸自己吃飯但自己已吃飽時可用Thanks. Ive had enough.作答。

12. ——How do you do?

——____ (2003哈爾濱中考)

A. Im fine, thank you. B. How do you do?

C. How are you? D. Im OK.

析：B 對方用How do you do?問候自己時可用How do you do?作答。

13. ——Thanks for the lovely party and the delicious food.

——____. (2005寧夏回族自治區(qū)中考課改卷)

A. My pleasure B. No, thanks C. Never mind D. All right

析：A 對方感謝自己時可用My pleasure.作答。

14. ——I fell off my bike and hurt myself yesterday.

——____. Youd better be more careful. (2005南京中考)

A. Congratulations B. Thats funny

C. All right D. Im sorry to hear that

析：D 面對對方不幸，應(yīng)用Im sorry to hear that.來表示同情。

15. ——____?

——Its September 11. (2003蘭州中考)

A. What day is it today B. Whats the date today

C. Whats the time D. What would you like

析：B 答句為日期，應(yīng)用Whats the date today?來詢問日期。

16. ——Lets chat online.

——____. (2005北京中考海淀課改卷)

A. Not at all B. Thank you C. Good luck D. Good idea

析：D前句提出建議，可用Good idea.來表示贊同。

方法揭秘：分析語境邏輯確定對話話題；根據(jù)對話話題配備正確用語。

二、考查對情景對話總原則的理解

考點說明：為增進相互理解，促進相互交流，增強相互尊重，情景對話必須盡可能遵循“委婉、客氣、禮貌”的總原則。

典型考例：

1. ——Tickets, please! May I see your ticket, madam?

——____(2005甘肅中考)

A. I have no ticket. B. What did you say?

C. Sure. Here it is. D. No, you mustnt.

析：CA、B語言粗俗無禮，令人生厭，不符合情景對話總原則；C語言客氣禮貌，較好體現(xiàn)情景對話總原則。

2. ——Dont draw on the wall.

——____. (2005甘肅中考)

A. Id like to B. Yes, I do

C. Thats wrong D. Sorry, I wont do it again

析：D A、B有拒絕語氣，不符合情景對話回答總原則；D委婉客氣，體現(xiàn)對話回答總原則。

方法揭秘：熟悉情景對話總原則，盡可能尊重情景對話總原則。

三、考查對尊重語境實際需要的理解

考點說明：在盡可能遵循“委婉、客氣、禮貌”這一對話回答總原則時還應(yīng)保證回答針對語言背景，尊重語境實際需要。

典型考例：

1. ——Id like to take two weeks holiday.

——____. We have too much work to do. (2005南京中考)

A. Dont worry B. Pardon me

C. Forget it D. Dont mention it

析：D We have too much work to do.制約該空需拒絕對方請求，因此應(yīng)填Dont mention it.

2. ——Shall we go hiking tomorrow?

——____. The radio says it will rain. (2005山西中考)

A. Sure B. Thats a good idea

C. Im afraid we cant D. All right

析：C The radio says it will rain.制約該空需拒絕對方請求，可用委婉拒絕法Im afraid we cant.

3. ——Mum, I dont feel like eating.

——Oh dear!____ (2005青海中考非課改卷)

A. Bad luck! B. It doesnt matter. C. Whats wrong?

析：C 聽到子女吃飯沒有味，當(dāng)然應(yīng)關(guān)切地詢問哪里不舒服。

方法揭秘：分析語境邏輯，尊重語境需要，并盡可能使答句委婉、客氣、禮貌。

中考真題檢測：

1. ——Do you mind me smoking here?

——____. Look at the sign. It says, “No smoking.” (2004南通中考)

A. It doesnt matter B. No, I dont

C. Youd better not D. Never mind

2. ——Good luck and have a nice weekend.

——____. Bye-bye. (2003廣州中考)

A. The same to you B. You have it too

C. You are too D. The same as you

3. ——Your dress is just wonderful!

——____ (2003南京中考)

A. You are right, thank you!

B. Thank you, and you?

C. No, no, yours is better.

D. Thank you. Im glad to hear that.

4. ——Im sorry to keep you waiting for me so long.

——____. (2003 煙臺中考)

A. I dont think so B. Dont say so

C. It doesnt matter D. Id love to

5. ——Would you like to go hiking with us?

——____. (2003成都中考)

A. No, I dont like

B. I hate to go hiking

C. Id love to, but I dont feel well today

6. ——____?

——Im looking for a present for my daughter. (2003濰坊中考)

A. Can you help me B. What can I do for you

C. What do you want D. How much is the present

7. ——Can I get you a drink?

——____. I have already got one. (2005甘肅中考)

A. Thats very nice of you B. No, you dont have to

C. Yes, please D. With pleasure

8. ——Hello! Is that Mr. Wang speaking?

——Yes. ____ (2003安徽中考)

A. Whos that? B. Who are you? C. Im speaking. D. Im Mr. Wang.

9. ——Thank you very much for your help.

——____. (2004濟南中考)

A. Never mind B. Dont say that

C. It doesnt matter D. Dont mention it

10. ——I lost my wallet on my way to school this morning.

——____! You must be careful next time. (2004南京中考)

A. Take care B. Excuse me C. What a pity D. Youre welcome

11. ——____? (2003哈爾濱中考)

——Its Wednesday.

A. Whats the day today B. What date is it today

C. Whats the date today D. What day is it today

答案解析：

1.C 對方詢問是否介意時可用Youd better not.來委婉拒絕對方請求。2.A 對方祝自己好運并且周末快樂時，應(yīng)向?qū)Ψ阶魍瑯幼ＹR，可用The same to you.作答。3.D 前句表夸獎，可用Thank you. Im glad to hear that.作答。 4.C 前句表道歉，可用It doesnt matter.作答。5.C 對方向自己提出請求時可用Id love to, but I dont feel well today.來委婉拒絕對方請求。6.B 答句制約問句為服務(wù)員詢問顧客欲買什么商品用語，可用What can I do for you?來提問。7.A 對方提出幫助自己時可用Thats very nice of you.作答。

8.A 打電話時詢問對方是誰用that，自我介紹用this。9.D 面對對方的感謝可用Dont mention it.作答。10.C 面對對方不幸可用What a pity！來表達遺憾之情。11.D 由答句可以推出問句詢問今天星期幾，可用What day is it today?來提問。