①It is thoughtful of Andy to play his CDs for us.
②It is clever of Amy to make the birthday cards.
同學們明白上述兩個句子的意思嗎?這可是在牛津9A Unit1中所學過的句型喲!這兩個句子均使用了一個很重要的句型:“It is + adj. +of... +to-infinitive”。下面就該句型的用法特點闡述如下:
[個性展示]
“It is + adj. +of...+(not)to-infinitive”句型是中考命題熱點之一,通常用來表示人的內(nèi)在品質,常用形容詞通常有:clever, kind, generous, good, thoughtful, silly等。如:
It is very kind of you to help me with my English. 你幫助我學英語,真是太好了!
It’s wrong of you not to send her an e-mail. 你不給她發(fā)封電子郵件,是錯誤的。
[相似句型]
牛津8B Unit6中還學過與上述句型相似的一個句型,即“It is + adj. + for... + to-infinitive”,該句型中的形容詞不表示人的內(nèi)在品質,通常表示客觀情況,即表示 to-infinitive的情況特征。如:
It’s important for us to keep the water clean.對我們而言,保持水清潔是重要的。
It was impossible for him to finish the homework in an hour. 對他來說,在一小時內(nèi)完成家庭作業(yè)是不可能的。
[比較鑒別]
在實際運用過程中,是用of...to-infinitive還是用for...to-infinitive呢?請看:
1. of...to-infinitive 做主語時,只能接形容詞作表語;for...to-infinitive在句中做主語時,其表語可以是形容詞也可以是名詞。如:
It was too foolish of you to do so. 你那么做真是太愚蠢了。
It is impossible for you to get there in such a short time. 你在這么短的時間內(nèi)到達那兒是不可能的。
It will be a mistake for you to miss the chance.你錯過那個機會將是個錯誤。
2. 在of...to-infinitive結構中,of后面的名詞或代詞與前面的形容詞(kind, clever,foolish,selfish,polite,right,wrong,careful等)有邏輯上的主表關系;而for...to-infinitive結構中,for后面的名詞或代詞與前面的形容詞(easy,hard,difficult,possible,necessary,important,heavy等)沒有邏輯上的主表關系。如:
It is kind of you to lend me so much money. 你心腸真好,借給我這么多錢。
It is hard for you to translate the sentence into English. 把這個句子翻譯成英語對你來說是有困難的。
3. 有些形容詞(如nice, right, wrong, good, wise等)既可用于of...to-infinitive結構,也可用于for...to-infinitive結構。但兩者強調(diào)的重點不同,意義也有區(qū)別。試比較:
It is wise of them to turn down the suggestion. 他們很明智,拒絕了這個建議。(強調(diào)“他們”是明智的)
It is wise for them to turn down the suggestion. 他們拒絕這個建議是明智的。(強調(diào)“拒絕建議”這一行為是明智的)
【鏈接中考】
1. It’s very nice ______ you to give me the chance.(2005年天津)
A. ofB. for
C. toD. at
解析:you與nice可構成邏輯上的主表關系,即You’re nice,且符合“of...+to-infinitive”句型表示人的內(nèi)在品質這一條件,所以答案選A。
2. It’s important ______ the piano well.(2006年天津)
A. of him to play
B. for him to play
C. of him playing
D. for him playing
解析:him與important不可構成邏輯上的主表關系,且符合“for…+to-infinitive”句型結構,用以表示客觀情況,所以答案選B.
【練一練】
()1. It is very kind ______ you to help me water the flowers.
A. ofB. toC. forD. on
()2. It’s important ______ you to learn English very well.
A. ofB. onC. toD. for
()3. It’s stupid of you ______ think you are always right.
A. forB. inC. toD. by
()4. It is very difficult ______ the girl ______ out the problem.
A. to;work B. of;to work
C. for;to work D. with;working
()5. ______ is generous of David to lend me his bike.
A. ThereB. ItC. HereD. He
Keys: ADCCB