because,as,since,for都可以表示原因,但是其含義和用法不同,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們注意它們之間用法上的區(qū)別。
because 表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因?yàn)椤?,語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常用于句子中間,位于句首時(shí),要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。單獨(dú)成句時(shí),通常用來(lái)回答why所提出的問(wèn)題。例如:
1. I like my parrot because it can sing. 因?yàn)辂W鵡會(huì)唱歌,所以我喜歡它。
2. Pandas are my favorite animals because they’re very cute.因?yàn)樾茇埡芸蓯?ài),所以它們是我最喜愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。
3. —Why do you like giraffes?— Because they are very interesting. “你為什么喜歡長(zhǎng)頸鹿?”“因?yàn)樗鼈兒苡腥??!?/p>
漢語(yǔ)中,表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞“因?yàn)椤浴贝钆洌欢⒄Z(yǔ)中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:
Nick caught a bad cold yesterday, so he had to stay at home.
Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday, he had to stay at home.
尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不呆在家里。
because 可以與of連用,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ) because of,后跟名詞、代詞或短語(yǔ)表示理由、原因。例如:
He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。
The match was put off because of the bad weather. 比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。
since 表達(dá)明顯的或已知的理由,意思是“既然”。since 引導(dǎo)的從句常用于句首,語(yǔ)氣不如because強(qiáng),但是比as語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)的從句位于句子末尾時(shí),可以作為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。例如:
1. Since everybody is here, let’s begin. 既然大家都到了,那我們就開(kāi)始吧。
2. Since you don’t want to go there, I won’t force you to. 既然你不想去,我也不勉強(qiáng)你。
3. I’ll go to ask someone else, since you have no time. 既然你沒(méi)有時(shí)間,我就去找別人。
as 表示理由時(shí),意思是“由于”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主、從句并重,主句說(shuō)明原因,從句說(shuō)明結(jié)果,相當(dāng)于since,但是語(yǔ)氣不如since。例如:
1. As it was late, I left in a hurry. 因?yàn)樘焐淹?,我就匆忙離開(kāi)了。
2. As I’m very busy, I can’t go with you. 我很忙,所以我不能和你一起去。
for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語(yǔ)中,意思是“因?yàn)椤?。for連接的句子一般不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。例如:
1. I must be away for a week, for I’ll go to Shanghai. 我要離開(kāi)一個(gè)星期,因?yàn)槲乙ド虾!?/p>
2. He must be at home, for the light in the room is on. 他一定在家,因?yàn)榉块g里的燈亮著。
3. I’m late for class for I got up late. 我上學(xué)遲到是因?yàn)槲移鸫策t了。
鞏固練習(xí):
一、選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組填空(可以重復(fù)使用):
becausesinceasbecause offor
1. He can’t read the English text _______ it is too difficult.
2. _______ you are busy, I shall do the job myself.
3._______ the weather is cold and wet, you’d better put on your coat.
4. My friends are all interested in the concert _______ the singer star.
5. It is morning, _______ the birds are singing.
二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示,完成句子:
1. He didn’t come ______________(因?yàn)樗×耍?
2. _____________________(因?yàn)槟愕昧酥馗忻埃?,you must stay in bed and drink much hot water.
3. _____________________(因?yàn)橛晗碌煤艽螅?,we had to stay at home.
4. I was very nervous _____________________(因?yàn)樽蛱斓目荚嚕?
5. It must have rained in the night ,______________ (因?yàn)槲铱匆?jiàn)地面潮濕了).
Keys:
一、1. because2. Since / As3. Since / As4. because of5. for
二、1. because he was ill2. Since/ As you have a bad cold3. As / Since it was raining hard4. because of the exam yesterday5. for I saw the ground wet