物主代詞是表示所屬關(guān)系的一類代詞,主要包括形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。雖然形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞是一家子,但它們的長相、性格卻各異。讓我們一起走近物主代詞!
一、家庭成員介紹
A. 形容詞性物主代詞(以下簡稱“形物代”)8兄弟:my; your; his; her; its; our; your; their
B. 名詞性物主代詞(以下簡稱“名物代”)8兄弟:mine; yours; his; hers; its; ours; yours; theirs
點擊規(guī)律:
1. 形物代和名物代都可以用來表示所屬關(guān)系,有點類似于名詞所有格,譯成漢語是“……的”,如:my schoolbag我的書包;his computer他的電腦;This classroom is ours. 這個教室是我們的。
2. 形物代和名物代都有人稱(包括第一、第二、第三人稱)和數(shù)(包括單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù))的變化。
3. 單數(shù)形物代his,her,its和名物代his,hers,its分別屬于陽性、陰性和中性詞。
特別提示:
1. 名物代可以看作由形物代演變而來,大家不妨記住下面的口訣:形物代變名物代,一變二留五“s”,記住這點就OK!可參看下表:
2. his, its既可以作形物代,又可以作名物代,是物主代詞中的“雙面人”。只有在特定的語境中,通過“說話”、“辦事”才能確定它們的身份。如:This is his picture, that one is his, too. 這是他的畫,那幅畫也是他的。(第一個his是形物代;第二個his是名物代。)又如:
It’s a bird. Its name is Polly. That cage is its. 它是只鳥。它的名字叫波利,那只鳥籠是它的。
二、才能展示臺
A. 形物代相當(dāng)于形容詞,置于名詞之前,性格內(nèi)向,在句中只作定語。如:
I am her elder brother. She is my younger sister. 我是她的哥哥。她是我的妹妹。
Those are their pencils. 那些是他們的鉛筆。
B. 名物代相當(dāng)于名詞,性格活潑,在句中可以作主語、賓語和表語。如:
My sweater is red,hers is yellow. (作主語)我的毛衣是紅色的,她的是黃色的。
This football is mine. (作表語)這個足球是我的。
點擊規(guī)律:
1. 形物代在句中不能單獨使用,其后面必須緊跟名詞。可以說,后面的名詞是形物代的標(biāo)志。
2. 名物代相當(dāng)于“形物代+名詞”,它所代表的名詞必須在句中先于名物代出現(xiàn),如上面二個例句。
3. 形物代、名物代的用法可以用下列口訣概括:形物代用法真奇怪,后面必須把名詞帶。名物代本領(lǐng)強,主、定、表語全能當(dāng)。
特別提示:
1. 名物代本身就相當(dāng)于一個形容詞性物主代詞加上名詞,因此其后就無須再加名詞。如:
This book is mine. =This is my book. 不能說:This is mine book.
2. 對句中的形物代、名物代提問時,均用疑問代詞whose。如:
例1.Their bikes are under the tree.=>W(wǎng)hose bikes are under the tree?
例2.That coat is hers.=>W(wǎng)hose is that coat?
注意:whose對形物代提問時,后面緊接名詞,如上面例句1。
三、強化鞏固,牛刀小試
單項選擇:
() 1. I’m old enough to wash ______ clothes by myself. You can just wash ______.
A. my, yourB. mine, yoursC. my, yoursD. your, my
() 2. This is my friend. ______ name is Mike.
A. HerB. HisC. It’sD. My
() 3. Mrs Liu teaches ______ English. We likeclass very much.
A. me, hisB. me, herC. us, hisD. us, her
() 4. This is your bag. ______ is over there.
A. MyB. MineC. MeD. Her
() 5. — Is this ______ sweater?
— No, ______ is in my bag.
A. your, mine B. yours, my C. your, my D. yours, mine
() 6. She is a student and ______ name is Kate.
A. sheB. herC. hersD. his
() 7. — Is this shirt yours?
— No, it’s not mine. It’s ______.
A. hisB. he’sC. heD. him
() 8. — Is it your ticket (票)?
— No, ______ is in my pocket (口袋). It’s .
A. mine; herB. my; hisC. mine; hersD. my; hers
() 9. All parents love their children, and my parents love ______, too.
A. oursB. theirsC. themD. his
Keys: 1. C2. B3. D4. B5. A6. B7. A8. C9. B
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