同學(xué)們在日常的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中,免不了向別人請求做什么,或允許別人去做什么,或建議別人做什么。在英語中我們可以用多種表達(dá)方式請求許可,提出我們的建議或征求對方的意見。大多語氣比較委婉,顯得客氣而有禮貌。
1.may可用來表示提出建議或征求對方意見。在回答may引導(dǎo)的疑問句時(shí),肯定回答用Yes, you may. 否定用No, you can’t.或No, you’d better not.如:
—May I take this book home to read?我可以把這本書帶回家看嗎?
—No, you can’t.不可以。
2.可以用“l(fā)et’s …”來提出建議或征求對方意見。如:
Let’s make it a little earlier, OK?我們就早一點(diǎn)吧,好嗎?
Let’s go and say hello to Mr Smith, shall we?我們?nèi)ハ蚴访芩瓜壬蚵曊泻艉冒桑?/p>
3.可以用“What about / How about…?”來提出建議,about是介詞,后面要接名詞或動名詞。如:
What about / How about a drink? 喝一杯怎么樣?
What about writing back to him about it ?要不就這件事給他回一封信?
What about / How about 還可以用來詢問與上文相關(guān)的情況。如:
I’m going there. What about you?我打算去那兒,你呢?
4.可以用“Why not …?”來提出建議,表示“何不……”,not 后面接動詞原形?!癢hy not …?”實(shí)際上是“Why don’t we / you…?”的省略形式。如:
Why not meet at the school gate at eight?何不八點(diǎn)在校門口集合?
Why not wear your new coat?為何不穿你那件新外套呢?
Why don’t we stay here another day?我們?yōu)槭裁床辉谶@兒再呆一天呢?
5.had better為情態(tài)動詞,意為“最好……”,后跟動詞原形,其否定形式是在had better后加not。如:
You’d better stay at home today.今天你最好是呆在家里。
You’d better not go out.你最好別出去。
6.可以用“Would/Could you please…?”表示建議或請求,這里would/could并非是動詞過去式,而是表示說話者語氣較為委婉。如:
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office?請你告訴我怎么到郵局好嗎?
Would you please go hiking with me?和我一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎?
7.可以用“Will you…?”表示委婉地建議或請求。如:
Will you go to Jinan with us?你和我們一起去濟(jì)南好嗎?
Will you tell me wherethe nearest bookshop is?你告訴我最近的書店在哪里好嗎?
8.shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句,表示征求對方意見。如:
Shall we go swimming this afternoon?今天下午我們?nèi)ビ斡竞脝幔?/p>
Shall I open the window and close the door?我把窗戶打開,把門關(guān)上,好嗎?
Shall he come in and see you?讓他進(jìn)來見你好嗎?
9. “Don’t +動詞原形…”屬于命令式祈使句,表示較強(qiáng)烈的請求,含有禁止的意味。
Don’t be late next time, please.下次請不要再遲到了。
Please don’t call me Tom. My name is Tim.請不要叫我湯姆,我叫蒂姆。
10. 可以用“Would you like…?”來提出建議,意思是“你想要……嗎?”Would you like 后可接名詞或不定式。如:
Would you like a cup of tea? 你想要杯茶嗎?
Would you like to go and see her?你想要去見她嗎?
如果我們要說:“去散散步好嗎?”英語中可有這樣幾種表達(dá)法:
(1)Shall we go for a walk?
(2)What about / How about going for a walk?
(3)Why not go for a walk?
(4)Would you like to go for a walk?
(5)Let’s go for a walk.
注意兩點(diǎn):
1.這幾種表達(dá)可能在語氣上稍有差異,但都表示了同一個(gè)提議,因此在意思上幾乎是一樣的。
2.對于上述句子的肯定回答一般可以說:Yes, please. /OK./All right./Good idea./Sure./Certainly./Yes, I’d like/love to.
中考再現(xiàn):
1. —May I borrow your ruler?
—Certainly. ___________ .(2005年北京市)
A. Hold on, pleaseB. It doesn’t matterC. Here you areD. Not at all
2. —Hello! Could I speak to Mr Smith?
—__________ . Please call back later.(2005年山西省)
A. Wait a minute B. Hold on for a moment
C. Speaking D. Sorry, he isn’t in
3. —Can you come and play football with me?
—__________ . I have a lot of work to do.(2003年甘肅?。?/p>
A. Excuse me B. I hope soC. I’m afraid not D. It’s a pleasure
4. —Would you like to go out for a walk with us?
—__________ , but I must finish my homework first.(2004年北京市)
A. Of course not B. That’s all right C. I’d love toD. Yes, I do
5. —Tickets, please! May I see your ticket, madam?
—__________ (2005年甘肅省)
A. I have no ticket. B. What did you say?
C. Sure. Here it is.__________ D. No, you mustn’t.
6. —May I take this magazine out of the reading room?
—__________ . Please read it here.(2005年深圳市)
A. Certainly B. No, you needn’t
C. No, you can’t D. No, you may not
Keys: CDCCCC