英語中表示將來時的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)有好幾種,它們是:
一、be going to+動詞原形
表示打算最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?。當主語是人時,常表示這種打算經(jīng)過事先考慮甚至做了某種準備。此結(jié)構(gòu)還用來對某種跡象的推測,主語是物。例如:
Are you going to attend the lecture?
It is going to rain.
注意:be going to表示將來,不能用于條件從句的主句。例如:
誤:If it is fine, we are going to go swimming.
正:If it is fine, we will go swimming.
二、will / shall+動詞原形
1. 表示客觀規(guī)律的自然發(fā)展或趨勢。例如:
China will be a powerful country in the future.
2. 表示事先未考慮過,即說話時臨時做出的決定或愿望。例如:
I will do it, if you like.
三、be to+動詞原形?
表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作,或表示吩咐、命令、禁止。例如:
The party is to be held at 6 o’clock this evening. (表示計劃、安排)
You are to wait for us here till our arrival. (表示命令或吩咐)
四、be about to+動詞原形
表示說話間立刻就要發(fā)生的動作,后面不接時間狀語。例如:
We were about to leave but it started to rain.
五、用一般現(xiàn)在時或進行時表示將來
用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有g(shù)o, come, begin, start, leave, arrive, return等,表示按時刻表經(jīng)常運行的事。例如:
When does the train leave?
另外,這些動詞的進行時也可以表示將來,強調(diào)按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生。 例如:
The plane is taking off at five.
[考題解析]
1. There ______ an English film here tomorrow. (2006年武漢市)
A. hasB. is going to be
C. will haveD. is going to have
解析:這是一般將來時與there be連用的情況,應(yīng)用there is going to be或there will be,其中be不可換用為have,故選B。
2. If he ______ harder, he will catch up with us soon. (2005年北京市)
A. studyB. studies
C. will study D. studied
解析:該句含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。當主句是將來時態(tài)時,時間、條件狀語從句須用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的動作,故選B。
3. —Hurry up! It’s time to leave.
—OK. ______.(2006年江西省)
A. I’m coming. B. I’ll come.
C. I’ve come. D. I come.
解析:come, go, leave等動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時可表示即將發(fā)生的動作,答案為A。
[現(xiàn)場演練]
根據(jù)上述講解,完成下列各題。
1. There_________ no class next week.
2. Please get ready. The customer_________ to arrive.
3. Look at the dark clouds! It_________ to rain.
4. The president_________ to visit our company.
5. They_________ leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
6. The buses_________ (start) at 7 o’clock in the morning.
7. What would you do if it_________ (rain) tomorrow?
參考答案:1. will be 2. is about 3. is going 4. is 5. are 6. start 7. rains