盧愛(ài)龍
學(xué)習(xí)第四單元時(shí),同學(xué)們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),該單元的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)和以往所學(xué)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)有點(diǎn)不同——主要是兩組易混詞組的辨異。在學(xué)習(xí)這一語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目時(shí),如能抓住它們的相同點(diǎn)、不同點(diǎn)和易錯(cuò)點(diǎn),可達(dá)到巧學(xué)妙記的效果。
NO.1because & because of
相同點(diǎn):兩者都有“因?yàn)椤⒂捎凇钡暮x。
不同點(diǎn):①because是連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。這類從句往往位于句后,在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),也可位于句首。例如:
Peter didnt come to school last Fridaybecause he was ill.彼德上周五沒(méi)來(lái)學(xué)校,因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>
Because Simon got up late,he was latefor school again.因?yàn)槲髅善鹜砹?,他上學(xué)又遲到了。
②becauseof是介詞短語(yǔ),其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。例如:
I waht back not beeause of the rain,butbecause I was fired.(名詞)我回去不是因?yàn)橄掠?,而是因?yàn)槲依哿恕?/p>
He missed the early bus because ofgetting up late this morning.(動(dòng)名詞)他錯(cuò)過(guò)早班車是因?yàn)榻裉煸缟掀鹜砹恕?/p>
Because of that,the young man didntsay to his fother any more.(代詞)由于那件事,年輕人再也不和他的父親講話了。
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):①because和so不能同時(shí)用于一個(gè)句子里,試體會(huì):
油耗盡了,所以燈熄了。
[誤)Becallse the oil was out,so thelight went out.[正]The light went ont,because the oilwas out.
[正]The oil was ont,so the 1ight wentout.
②當(dāng)主句為否定句,because從句位于句尾時(shí),有無(wú)逗號(hào),意義有差別。試體會(huì):
I was not friendly to her bceause shewas lazy.我不是因?yàn)樗龖卸璨艑?duì)她親切。
I was not friendly to her,because shewas lazy.我對(duì)她不親切,是因?yàn)樗龖卸琛?/p>
NO.2hope & wish
相同點(diǎn):①都表示“希望”。
②用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)都可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)或接賓語(yǔ)從句。例如:
I hope to be a famous writer in thefuture.(不定式)我希望今后能成為一個(gè)著名的作家。
I hope that you will succeed.(從句)祝你成功。
不同點(diǎn):①在hope之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般將來(lái)時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。從意義上說(shuō),hope所表達(dá)的希望是能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
We hope we will move to a large roomnext year.我們希望明年能搬到大房子去住。
②wish的賓語(yǔ)從句中,如表達(dá)的愿望與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn),從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式,be動(dòng)詞多用were;如表達(dá)的愿望與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反或難以實(shí)現(xiàn),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would+動(dòng)詞原形。例如:
I wish I could fly to the moon now.但愿我現(xiàn)在能飛上月球。
I wish I were as tall as Yao Ming·但愿我和姚明一樣高。
I wish the heavy rain Would stop thisafternoon!今天下午大雨要是停有多好啊!
③wish后可接雙賓浯,表示“祝愿”,而hope則不能。試體會(huì):
祝你新年快樂(lè)!
[正]I wish you a Happy New Year.
[誤)I hope you a Happy New Year.
④作簡(jiǎn)略回答時(shí),hope后接可接替代詞so或not,而wish則不行。例如:
——Will it be fine tomorrow?
——I hope so.
——明天的天氣會(huì)好嗎?
——我希望如此。
——Will it rain tomorrow?
——I hope not.
——明天下雨嗎?
——我希望不下。
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):hope后不能接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),即“賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。試體會(huì):
我希望你和我們一起去。
[誤)I hope you to go with us.
[正]I hope you can go with us.
針對(duì)練習(xí)
A)根據(jù)句意,用because或beeause of來(lái)填空。
1.Ma Bin studies hard_____he wants togo to college.
2.Peter didnt get the first place in theexam____his carelessness(粗心).
B)根據(jù)句意,用hope或wish來(lái)填空。
1.I____I were a small bird.
2.I____I will be a soldier when I growu.,
3.I____you are well.
4.——You may pass the exam.——I____so.
5.I____youll be better now.
6.I____you to come here soon.
Keys:A)1.because2.because of
B)l.wish 2.hope 3.wish
4.hope 5.hope 6.wish