圖/余曉春
tusi gou pengchu zishji yuewang gou jian shijia shi fanI suo shuo deyi “兔死狗烹”出自《史記·越王勾踐世家》,是范蠡所說的 duanhua hou yonglaibryurenhéshi wu yidanméi you leli yong jiazhijushi qule cun 段話,后用來比喻任何事物一旦沒有了利用價值,就失去了存 zai de yiyi 在的意義。
fei niao jinliang gong cangjiao tusizou gou peng z hé bu qu “飛鳥盡,良弓藏;狡兔死,走狗烹 ·子何不去?”
chunqiushi daide weishengshi wuyueliang guochangdaershijiniande gong fa ben lai 春秋時代的尾聲,是吳越兩國長達二十幾年的攻伐。本來 shiwugu6zhanshangfengyuewanggoujianzaikuaijishanzhanbaihouqingxiangdangshiwuguode 是吳國占上風,越王勾踐在會稽山戰(zhàn)敗后請降,當時吳國的 da chenwu Zi xu jilizhu zhang sha diao gou jiandan wuwang fu chāi bu tinggou jian jiu zhe yang 大臣伍子胥極力主張殺掉勾踐,但吳王夫差不聽,勾踐就這樣 tao guo yisi 逃過一死。
wei leshrfu chai fang song jingti goujian fufu wei fu chai yangma jia chebei gong qu 為了使夫差放松警惕,勾踐夫婦為夫差養(yǎng)馬駕車,卑躬屈 xizhong yu ying défu chāidexinrén huo shi hui guó 膝,終于贏得夫差的信任,獲釋回國hui guo zhi hougou jian bian an zhong fa fentu qiang tāwoxin chang dan meitian wan回國之后,勾踐便暗中發(fā)憤圖強。他臥薪嘗膽(每天晚shang shui zai chai cao shanghai qu tian yigeku de yao ming de dan yong laiti xingzi ji yi上睡在柴草上,還去舔一個苦得要命的膽),用來提醒自己dingyaobao chou定要報仇。
goujiangengzaimouchenwénzhonghéfanIdefuzuozhixiazhidingleshiniansheng 勾踐更在謀臣文種和范蠡的輔佐之下,制定了“十年生 jushi nian jiao xun dece luebu dong sheng sedefa zhan min sheng chong shi guóli hou 聚,十年教訓”的策略,不動聲色地發(fā)展民生,充實國力。后 laigou jian zhong yuda bailewu guó zhe hui shi wuwang fu chai qing xiangfanIyé xiang 來,勾踐終于打敗了吳國。這回是吳王夫差請降,范蠡也像 dangniandewuzixuyiyanglizhuyidingyaochedimielewuguobuyaoliuxiashenme 當年的伍子胥一樣,力主一定要徹底滅了吳國,不要留下什么 hou huan gou jian cong qi yan fu chai jian qiu hébuchengzhi déba jianzijin 后患。勾踐從其言。夫差見求和不成,只得拔劍自盡
zài shao hou de qing gong yanshangdajiafa xian qi guaifānI zén me bu jianle 在稍后的慶功宴上,大家發(fā)現,奇怪,范蠡怎么不見了? yi ri tā men zaitāihu bian zhao dao fānlde waiyi yi wéi fanItóu hu dou da chi 翌日,他們在太湖邊找到范蠡的外衣,以為范蠡投湖,都大吃 yijing 一驚!
ránérmeiguo duo jiuwen zhong jiuyi waishoudao yi fengfan lde xinddyi shi 然而,沒過多久,文種就意外收到一封范蠡的信,大意是 shuo fei niao yi dan dajinle zai hao de gong yé yong bu shangzhi néng shou qilaiyé 說,飛鳥一旦打盡了,再好的弓也用不上,只能收起來;野 tuyi dan dou bei zhua guāng le liegou pai bushang yong changyejiu nan tao yao bei peng zhu 兔一旦都被抓光了,獵狗派不上用場,也就難逃要被烹煮 de ming yun xian zaidiguóyjing bei mie w men deshi ming yijing wan chéngjiexialai 的命運?,F在敵國已經被滅,我們的使命已經完成,接下來 kong pa qian jing bu miaoni wei shén me bu gān kuailikāine 恐怕前景不妙,你為什么不趕快離開呢?
wen zhong ban xin ban yixin xiangjiu ping zhe ziji zhé me duo nian degong lao yue 文種半信半疑,心想,就憑著自己這么多年的功勞,越 wangzén mehuiyidian qing fenyébu jiang ne buzhiyuba bu guo jiran fanI 王怎么會一點情分也不講呢?不至于吧!不過,既然范蠡 zhé me shuo nahai shidi diaoyidian haole bujiu yuewang gou jian guo ranmo ming 這么說,那還是低調一點好了。不久,越王勾踐果然莫名 huai yi wén zhong you erxinjiang wén zhong cisi 懷疑文種有二心,將文種賜死。
wén zhong si qianyi dinghen hou huimei you ting fānIde quan gaoba 文種死前一定很后悔沒有聽范蠡的勸告吧。