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        魯西花崗-綠巖帶新太古代晚期動(dòng)力學(xué)特征

        2025-02-11 00:00:00于萍王東明張志剛王晶晶張學(xué)松
        山東國(guó)土資源 2025年1期

        摘要:地球早期構(gòu)造體制及地殼演化過(guò)程是前寒武紀(jì)研究的熱點(diǎn),同時(shí)也是爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)。魯西花崗-綠巖帶位于華北克拉通東部,是新太古代基底巖系出露最為完整的地區(qū)之一,帶內(nèi)發(fā)育一系列走滑型韌性剪切帶。本文通過(guò)細(xì)致地野外調(diào)查,發(fā)現(xiàn)這些韌性剪切帶具有近于一致的幾何學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征,即NW—NWW走向和左行走滑剪切,暗示其形成于統(tǒng)一的動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程,此外,這些韌性剪切帶為不同巖性組合單元的構(gòu)造邊界。結(jié)合以往巖石地球化學(xué)及變形年代學(xué)研究,認(rèn)為魯西花崗-綠巖帶由NE—SW向可劃分為魯山-沂水巖漿弧、七星臺(tái)-蒙陰地塊、肥城-滕州巖漿弧3個(gè)主要構(gòu)造單元,新太古代晚期魯西花崗-綠巖帶經(jīng)歷了SE向的洋殼俯沖及斜向的弧-陸碰撞過(guò)程,暗示華北克拉通在新太古代晚期已經(jīng)存在以塊體水平位移為特征的現(xiàn)代板塊構(gòu)造體制。

        關(guān)鍵詞:走滑韌性剪切帶;弧-陸斜向碰撞;新太古代;魯西花崗-綠巖帶;華北克拉通

        中圖分類號(hào):P313

        文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A

        0 引言

        太古宙時(shí)期的地球動(dòng)力學(xué)背景一直是早前寒武紀(jì)研究的熱點(diǎn)?;◢?綠巖帶作為太古宙地殼的重要組成單元,記錄了地球早期構(gòu)造體制及表生環(huán)境變化等關(guān)鍵地質(zhì)信息,是開(kāi)展構(gòu)造變形分析,了解地球早期地殼形成和演化的基本手段[1-5。線性構(gòu)造帶和穹-脊構(gòu)造是花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)最為普遍的構(gòu)造型式。線性構(gòu)造帶由交織狀或近于平行的逆沖推覆或走滑構(gòu)造變形等組成,指示板塊水平運(yùn)動(dòng)所導(dǎo)致的地殼縮短和應(yīng)變分解[6-9。穹-脊構(gòu)造是在重力驅(qū)使下,同時(shí)期的表殼巖坳沉和中酸性巖漿底辟所導(dǎo)致的局部地殼反轉(zhuǎn),代表垂向的地幔柱構(gòu)造體制[10-14。線性構(gòu)造帶和穹-脊構(gòu)造代表了太古宙時(shí)期水平和垂直兩種端元構(gòu)造體制,也反映出太古宙的動(dòng)力學(xué)背景存在均變論和非均變論構(gòu)造過(guò)程的爭(zhēng)議[8,進(jìn)而阻礙了對(duì)板塊構(gòu)造體制啟動(dòng)時(shí)間和俯沖機(jī)制的理解和認(rèn)識(shí)。

        華北克拉通具~3.80Ga的地質(zhì)演化歷史[15-16,是一個(gè)由微陸塊碰撞-拼合而成的古老陸塊,克拉通東部發(fā)育保存較好的新太古代花崗-綠巖帶,是研究新太古代構(gòu)造背景和地殼演化的理想場(chǎng)所。以往研究在綠巖帶內(nèi)識(shí)別與板塊俯沖有關(guān)的逆沖推覆構(gòu)造和增生雜巖,并認(rèn)為新太古代晚期板塊構(gòu)造已成為華北克拉通的主導(dǎo)構(gòu)造體制[17-19。但也有學(xué)者認(rèn)為華北克拉通在新太古代末仍以垂向的地幔柱或巖漿底墊構(gòu)造體制為主導(dǎo),主要依據(jù)為冀東、鞍山地區(qū)存在齊大山、安子嶺等新太古代晚期穹-脊構(gòu)造[20-23、近等壓冷卻的逆時(shí)針P-T軌跡[24-25。所以,華北克拉通新太古代晚期構(gòu)造體制依然存在很大爭(zhēng)議,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致對(duì)于華北克拉通新太古代晚期地殼形成和演化的地球動(dòng)力學(xué)背景的認(rèn)識(shí)不足。

        魯西花崗-綠巖帶是華北克拉通新太古代基底巖石出露最完整的地區(qū)之一,帶內(nèi)發(fā)育的一系列走滑型韌性剪切帶可為華北克拉通早期板塊構(gòu)造啟動(dòng)和俯沖型式提供重要依據(jù)。本文通過(guò)對(duì)魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)NWNWW向韌性剪切帶的變形特征進(jìn)行細(xì)致分析,確定這些韌性剪切帶為不同地質(zhì)單元之間的構(gòu)造邊界,并據(jù)此推斷在新太古代晚期,魯西花崗-綠巖帶經(jīng)歷了弧-陸斜向匯聚過(guò)程,板塊構(gòu)造體制在新太古代晚期已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)。

        1 區(qū)域地質(zhì)背景

        1.1 華北克拉通構(gòu)造格架

        華北克拉通基底劃分為膠遼、遷懷、鄂爾多斯、集寧、許昌、徐淮及阿拉善7個(gè)微陸塊,這些微陸塊在基底物質(zhì)組成、變質(zhì)演化及演化過(guò)程方面存在差異,克拉通化過(guò)程是以微陸塊及其之間的洋盆在新太古代晚期俯沖-碰撞-拼合的形式形成統(tǒng)一的克拉通基底[26。位于微地塊之間的低級(jí)變質(zhì)的花崗-綠巖帶代表洋盆閉合的拼貼帶,包括位于集寧和遷懷地塊之間的遵化綠巖帶、鄂爾多斯地塊與遷懷地塊之間的五臺(tái)山綠巖帶、集寧和鄂爾多斯地塊之間的東五分子綠巖帶、膠遼和遷懷地塊之間的雁翎關(guān)綠巖帶、許昌和鄂爾多斯地塊之間的登封綠巖帶(圖1)。綠巖帶原巖為微陸塊之間的邊緣海沉積,以含BIF的火山-沉積巖為主[26。華北克拉通內(nèi)的綠巖帶經(jīng)歷了低—中級(jí)變質(zhì)作用,而世界其他地區(qū)的綠巖帶則多發(fā)生低級(jí)變質(zhì)作用或未發(fā)生變質(zhì)。除雁翎關(guān)綠巖帶形成于2.7~2.8 Ga并被2.7 Ga TTG侵入[27-28,其余綠巖帶多形成于新太古代末(約2.50 Ga)。綠巖帶以火山-沉積序列為特征,下部常見(jiàn)雙峰式火山巖(玄武巖、英安巖)與少量科馬提巖互層,上部為玄武巖、安山巖、長(zhǎng)英質(zhì)巖等鈣堿性火山巖[29-30。五臺(tái)山、雁翎關(guān)及遵化綠巖帶部分變玄武巖可見(jiàn)枕狀構(gòu)造,變沉積巖多為變砂巖、變泥質(zhì)巖及BIF。

        1.2 魯西花崗-綠巖帶早前寒武紀(jì)地質(zhì)背景

        魯西地區(qū)是華北克拉通內(nèi)新太古代基底巖系出露最為典型的地區(qū)之一,被稱為魯西花崗-綠巖帶[31,32,呈NW—SE向展布于華北克拉通東南部,出露面積大于10000km2。新太古代基底巖系主要由TTG片麻巖、殼源花崗巖及變火山-沉積表殼巖組成,其中新太古代晚期侵入體廣泛發(fā)育,約占總面積的85%以上,而新太古代表殼巖組合主要呈透鏡狀或條帶狀出露于花崗巖或片麻巖“?!敝校▓D2)。

        魯西花崗-綠巖帶發(fā)育2.70~2.75Ga、2.60Ga、2.50Ga 3期構(gòu)造-巖漿事件[34-35,與世界上其他克拉通相似,魯西花崗-綠巖帶在2.70Ga經(jīng)歷了巨量地殼增生,隨后2.60Ga、2.50Ga發(fā)生強(qiáng)烈的增生和改造。新太古代晚期侵入巖約占總面積的85%以上。新太古代早期(2.75~2.70Ga)巖漿巖主要為TTG片麻巖,巖石經(jīng)受強(qiáng)烈的深熔作用形成條帶狀構(gòu)造[35-36;新太古代中期(~2.60Ga)侵入巖主要分布于七星臺(tái)—大王莊一帶,巖性組合主要為變鎂鐵質(zhì)—超鎂鐵質(zhì)巖、TTG片麻巖及片麻狀花崗巖,新太古代晚期巖漿活動(dòng)最為強(qiáng)烈,主要由二長(zhǎng)花崗巖、正長(zhǎng)花崗巖及花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖組成[34,36-39。

        魯西花崗-綠巖帶是華北克拉通內(nèi)唯一有確切同位素年齡的新太古代早期(gt;2.70Ga)表殼巖出露的地區(qū),同時(shí)也是華北克拉通新太古代早期和晚期表殼巖共存的唯一地區(qū)[40。魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)表殼巖包括泰山巖群、孟家屯巖組以及濟(jì)寧巖群。以往的研究工作將泰山巖群劃分為雁翎關(guān)巖組、柳杭巖組和山草峪巖組3個(gè)巖石構(gòu)造單元[31。依據(jù)形成時(shí)代和巖性組合,魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)表殼巖可重新劃分為兩部分:新太古代早期(2.70~2.75Ga)表殼巖系,包括原泰山巖群的雁翎關(guān)巖組和柳杭巖組下段的基性—超基性火山巖和孟家屯巖組陸源碎屑巖;新太古代晚期(2.56~2.53Ga)表殼巖系,包括原泰山巖群的山草峪巖組、柳杭巖組上段和下段的一部分及濟(jì)寧巖群,主要由黑云變粒巖、礫巖、BIF和長(zhǎng)英質(zhì)火山巖組成,主要形成于新太古代晚期(表1)[30,40,是魯西地區(qū)BIF主要的賦礦地層[41-42。

        魯西花崗-綠巖帶中發(fā)育幾條走向NW—NWW向韌性剪切帶(圖3),由北向南包括七星臺(tái)、南留、雁翎關(guān)、新泰、東嶺-華村、蒙山、豐陽(yáng)-梁邱、青邑、白彥等韌性剪切帶,局部隱伏于寒武系之下。韌性剪切帶多發(fā)育于TTG巖系和二長(zhǎng)花崗巖的接觸界線處,二者通過(guò)韌性剪切帶相互疊置拼合,中-新生代NW向脆性斷裂沿韌性剪切帶展布,暗示基底構(gòu)造后期的繼承性活動(dòng)。以往研究認(rèn)為,魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶是在NE向或近SN向擠壓應(yīng)力的作用下形成的中高溫(400~600℃)壓剪性變形帶,最大差應(yīng)力為75.4~91MPa[43-45;韌性剪切帶變形時(shí)代為新太古代晚期43,46-47,二長(zhǎng)花崗巖就位之后。韌性剪切帶以壓扁型變形為特征,說(shuō)明魯西花崗-綠巖帶新太古代晚期存在地殼的垂向增厚和水平縮短,是克拉通化過(guò)程中的地殼增厚的產(chǎn)物[43。因此,太古宙末期大規(guī)模的NW向韌性剪切作用是陸殼克拉通化作用過(guò)程中標(biāo)志性的構(gòu)造變形事件。隨后新太古代晚期未變形基性巖脈沿構(gòu)造薄弱帶侵位,中元古代則發(fā)育大量延伸穩(wěn)定、走向近SN向的基性巖墻群,說(shuō)明在中元古代魯西地區(qū)已形成完整的剛性地塊,且抬升至上地殼層次[46

        2 魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切變形特征

        2.1 韌性剪切幾何學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征

        魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶走向約300°~350°,傾角多在60°~80°,與區(qū)域片麻理基本一致,礦物拉伸線理多向NNW或SSE緩傾,傾角多為5°~15°,指示剪切帶具走滑剪切運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征(圖3)。

        韌性剪切帶內(nèi)構(gòu)造變形呈近平行排列的強(qiáng)弱分帶,強(qiáng)變形帶內(nèi)發(fā)育不對(duì)稱剪切褶皺及樞紐與線理方向平行的A型褶皺,近水平的礦物拉伸線理主要由拉長(zhǎng)的石英、長(zhǎng)石及黑云母組成(圖4C)。韌性剪切帶內(nèi)發(fā)育大量旋轉(zhuǎn)碎斑拖尾(圖4A、圖4B)、云母魚(yú)(圖4D)、S-C組構(gòu)(圖4E)及等運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)標(biāo)志,指示魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶具有左行走滑剪切性質(zhì)。韌性剪切帶內(nèi)巖石具典型的糜棱組構(gòu),碎斑主要由斜長(zhǎng)石、鉀長(zhǎng)石及角閃石組成,基質(zhì)主要由多晶石英條帶、細(xì)小動(dòng)態(tài)重結(jié)晶石英、斜長(zhǎng)石及黑云母等組成,石英常見(jiàn)亞顆粒重結(jié)晶(圖4F)。條帶狀石英中礦物多呈矩形,條帶平直或呈不規(guī)則狀,個(gè)別斜長(zhǎng)石碎斑聚片雙晶發(fā)生彎曲。

        2.2 韌性剪切帶與巖性分帶界線的空間關(guān)系

        近20年來(lái)的高精度同位素測(cè)年研究建立了魯西花崗-綠巖帶新太古代年代學(xué)格架。按形成時(shí)代和巖性組合,可將魯西花崗-綠巖帶劃分3個(gè)巖性帶,分別為北東側(cè)2.52~2.49 Ga殼源花崗巖帶(A帶)、中部2.75~2.60 Ga古老巖石帶(B帶)及南西側(cè)2.56~2.50 Ga新生巖漿巖帶(C帶)[34,36-39。A帶主要由斑狀或塊狀二長(zhǎng)花崗巖、混合巖及少量TTG和表殼巖捕虜體組成,其中斑狀和塊狀二長(zhǎng)花崗巖具有相似的礦物組成;B帶主要由gt;2.60 Ga的古老巖石組成,包括gt;2.60 Ga TTG片麻巖和2.75~2.70 Ga的泰山巖群下部科馬巖質(zhì)-玄武巖、孟家屯巖組副變質(zhì)巖等表殼巖組合,2.70 Ga TTG片麻巖侵入近于同時(shí)期的表殼巖組合,見(jiàn)少量A帶的殼源二長(zhǎng)花崗巖侵入;C帶為主要由2.56~2.52 Ga TTG片麻巖組成,主要為閃長(zhǎng)巖、石英二長(zhǎng)閃長(zhǎng)巖和花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖[34,36-39,同樣可見(jiàn)A帶二長(zhǎng)花崗巖侵入。雖然魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)B帶和C帶內(nèi)都侵位了2.52~2.49 Ga二長(zhǎng)花崗巖,但各巖性分帶的主體巖性仍可區(qū)分。經(jīng)對(duì)比分析可知,WAN Y等[34所劃分的A、B、C 3個(gè)巖性分帶的界線[36-39與NW向韌性剪切帶也有一定的空間對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系(圖5),A帶與B帶之間巖性界線與南留-蒙山韌性剪切帶空間位置基本一致,而B(niǎo)帶與C帶之間的巖性界線與七星臺(tái)-新泰韌性剪切帶對(duì)應(yīng)。

        本文通過(guò)對(duì)魯西花崗-綠巖帶構(gòu)造-巖性剖面分析發(fā)現(xiàn),韌性剪切帶多發(fā)育在不同巖性的接觸部位,且產(chǎn)狀與區(qū)域片麻理基本一致(圖6)。如剖面A—A'所示,南留韌性剪切帶的NE側(cè)為gt;2.60 Ga的TTG片麻巖和表殼巖組成,SW側(cè)的巖性主要為~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖;七星臺(tái)韌性剪切帶西側(cè)gt;2.60 Ga的TTG片麻巖和表殼巖,東側(cè)為主要為~2.50 Ga的二長(zhǎng)花崗巖。剖面B—B'中南留韌性剪切帶發(fā)育于~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖和~2.50 Ga二長(zhǎng)花崗巖的巖性界面處,NE側(cè)的~2.50 Ga二長(zhǎng)花崗巖和TTG片麻巖中含~2.70 Ga的TTG片麻巖和表殼巖捕虜體;新泰韌性剪切帶發(fā)育于~2.70 Ga表殼巖和~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖的巖性界線處,向E巖性轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?.50 Ga的二長(zhǎng)花崗巖。C—C'剖面中蒙山韌性剪切帶表現(xiàn)為~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖與~2.70 Ga巖石的界線,向東并未發(fā)現(xiàn)~2.70 Ga TTG片麻巖與~2.50 Ga二長(zhǎng)花崗巖的巖性界線,可能受后期正斷層影響而隱伏于古生界地層之下。故不難發(fā)現(xiàn)南留-蒙山韌性剪切帶為gt;2.60 Ga的TTG片麻巖和表殼巖與SW側(cè)~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖的巖性界線,而NE側(cè)~2.50 Ga二長(zhǎng)花崗巖的巖性界線為七星臺(tái)-新泰韌性剪切帶。此外還有一些發(fā)育于不同巖性接觸帶的次級(jí)韌性剪切帶,如產(chǎn)于~2.70 Ga和~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖之間的雁翎關(guān)韌性剪切帶、~2.50 Ga TTG片麻巖和~2.50 Ga正長(zhǎng)花崗巖之間的豐陽(yáng)-梁邱、青邑韌性剪切帶,在同一巖性單元內(nèi)部也有少量次級(jí)韌性剪切帶發(fā)育,如白彥韌性剪切帶(表2)。

        所以魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)的實(shí)際的巖性分帶界線應(yīng)該為NW向韌性剪切帶,3個(gè)巖性分帶的NE側(cè)和SW側(cè)的界線分別為七星臺(tái)-新泰韌性剪切帶和南留-蒙山韌性剪切帶。

        3 韌性剪切變形時(shí)代

        以往研究表明,魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶變形時(shí)代為新太古代晚期[43,46,47,為新太古代晚期華北克拉通化過(guò)程中地體拼貼變形產(chǎn)物,但這一結(jié)論尚缺少精確的同位素測(cè)年結(jié)果支持。近年來(lái),WANG D等[48獲得侵入豐陽(yáng)-梁邱韌性剪切帶未變形的花崗巖脈LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb年齡為(2 493±12)Ma(PY01-3),侵入青邑韌性剪切帶的未變形花崗巖脈LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb年齡為(2 516±8)Ma(PY27-2),產(chǎn)于豐陽(yáng)-梁邱韌性剪切帶內(nèi)同構(gòu)造石英脈中含大量從圍巖中捕獲的巖漿鋯石,獲得最年輕的一組鋯石諧和年齡為(2 501±13)Ma(PY31-3),而白彥韌性剪切帶中發(fā)生韌性變形的花崗偉晶巖結(jié)晶年齡為(2 527±11)Ma(PY21-3),蒙山及東嶺-華村韌性剪切帶中獲得角閃石39Ar-40Ar坪年齡分別為(2 579±13)Ma和(2 547±7)Ma,上述結(jié)果表明魯西地區(qū)韌性剪切變形發(fā)生于2.58~2.49 Ga[48。ZHANG H等[49通過(guò)對(duì)青邑韌性剪切帶內(nèi)糜棱巖和構(gòu)造后脈體開(kāi)展鋯石U-Pb測(cè)年將韌性剪切變形時(shí)代約束在2501 Ma。故本文認(rèn)為魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)NW—NWW向韌性剪切帶變形時(shí)代為新太古代晚期,為魯西花崗-綠巖帶塊體拼貼的產(chǎn)物。另外,魯西地區(qū)韌性剪切帶也識(shí)別出古元古代的39Ar-40Ar年齡(1 916±8)Ma、(1 856±7)Ma、(2 328±5)Ma,可能代表魯西地區(qū)古元古代期間的構(gòu)造事件,導(dǎo)致云母39Ar-40Ar同位素體系重新啟動(dòng),也間接說(shuō)明魯西地區(qū)存在古元古代構(gòu)造巖漿事件[48-49。

        4 討論——新太古代晚期弧-陸拼合過(guò)程

        4.1 魯西花崗-綠巖帶構(gòu)造單元?jiǎng)澐旨捌錁?gòu)造屬性

        前人研究表明,魯西花崗-綠巖帶代表膠遼地塊和遷懷地塊的拼合帶,新太古代晚期帶內(nèi)存在板塊俯沖過(guò)程,主要證據(jù)如下:①魯西花崗-綠巖帶中代表俯沖環(huán)境的2.54 Ga硅質(zhì)高鎂玄武巖及其近乎同時(shí)形成的贊岐巖、埃達(dá)克巖[38,50-52;②2.53~2.52 Ga具有類似島弧性質(zhì)的鈣堿性火山巖及相應(yīng)的弧后盆地沉積30,37,40,53;③沂水雜巖中新太古代晚期鈣堿性島弧性質(zhì)巖漿巖54、具逆時(shí)針P-T軌跡麻粒巖相變質(zhì)[55;④沂水雜巖中新太古代晚期超俯沖蛇綠混雜巖的識(shí)別56-57,故新太古代晚期的韌性剪切帶形成于板塊俯沖-碰撞過(guò)程[48-49。

        魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶具有左行走滑的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征,指示新太古代晚期膠遼地塊與遷懷地塊之間的洋殼向SE斜向俯沖。魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶走向由NWW—SEE向(東嶺-華村韌性剪切帶)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镹W—SE向(七星臺(tái)、蒙山等韌性剪切帶),可能暗示洋殼俯沖過(guò)程中可能有順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分量。這種俯沖極性在巖石組合的分布上也有體現(xiàn):由SW向NE,魯西花崗-綠巖帶巖性組合從2.56~2.53 Ga花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖、石英閃長(zhǎng)巖轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?.53~2.48 Ga殼源二長(zhǎng)花崗巖[34,說(shuō)明新太古代晚期板塊向E俯沖,且在俯沖過(guò)程中,幔源巖漿底墊導(dǎo)致地殼物質(zhì)參與程度逐漸增高[58。魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)韌性剪切帶與巖性分帶界線具有很好的空間對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,2.56~2.53 Ga花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖、石英閃長(zhǎng)巖和2.53~2.50 Ga殼源二長(zhǎng)花崗巖與洋殼俯沖過(guò)程具有密切的成因聯(lián)系,所以魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)SW側(cè)和NE側(cè)的巖漿巖帶可能代表了兩個(gè)時(shí)代連續(xù)的巖漿弧,這些韌性剪切帶很可能代表了不同時(shí)期的巖漿弧與古陸塊拼貼的邊界。

        4.2 新太古代晚期弧-陸拼合過(guò)程

        基于魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)NW—NWW向韌性剪切帶與WAN Y等[34劃分的A、B、C 3個(gè)巖性分帶界線的密切的空間對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,本文將3個(gè)巖性組合分帶確定為2個(gè)巖漿弧夾1個(gè)古陸塊。由NE—SW依次命名為2.53~2.48 Ga魯山-沂水巖漿弧、2.75~2.60 Ga七星臺(tái)-蒙陰地塊和2.56~2.53肥城-滕州巖漿弧,界線分別為南留-蒙山、七星臺(tái)-新泰韌性剪切帶(圖7)。

        魯山-沂水巖漿弧內(nèi)殼源二長(zhǎng)花崗巖形成于俯沖板片回撤導(dǎo)致的弱伸展構(gòu)造體制[30,39,58,肥城-滕州巖漿弧內(nèi)的閃長(zhǎng)巖、花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖主要來(lái)自于俯沖洋殼或被流體、熔體交代的地幔楔[38,52,58,59,而七星臺(tái)-蒙陰地塊主要由形成時(shí)代gt;2.60 Ga的TTG及表殼巖組成[34,代表gt;2.60 Ga的古老陸塊,地塊的物質(zhì)組成和膠東棲霞、萊州地區(qū)可以對(duì)比[60。山草峪巖組副片麻巖的沉積物源主要來(lái)源于SW側(cè)C帶內(nèi)的TTG片麻巖及B帶內(nèi)gt;2.70 Ga拉斑玄武巖和科馬提巖,為板塊俯沖過(guò)程中島弧及古老陸塊剝蝕沉積的產(chǎn)物,代表洋殼俯沖過(guò)程中的弧后盆地沉積[53。所以認(rèn)為魯西花崗-綠巖帶為膠遼地塊西南緣的活動(dòng)大陸邊緣,帶內(nèi)NW向韌性剪切帶代表巖漿弧與古陸塊之間碰撞拼合的構(gòu)造邊界,其運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征及巖漿弧的巖漿源區(qū)演化特點(diǎn)指示新太古代晚期膠遼地塊與遷懷地塊之間的洋殼向SE向俯沖,魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)發(fā)生弧-陸碰撞斜向匯聚過(guò)程,同時(shí)也說(shuō)明華北克拉通東部在新太古代晚期就已經(jīng)存在以塊體水平位移為特征的現(xiàn)代板塊構(gòu)造體制。

        5 結(jié)論

        (1)魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)NW—NWW向韌性剪切帶具有統(tǒng)一的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征,即左行走滑運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)特征,可能形成于新太古代晚期統(tǒng)一動(dòng)力學(xué)過(guò)程。

        (2)韌性剪切帶為不同巖性分帶之間的構(gòu)造邊界,代表洋殼SE向俯沖過(guò)程中塊體拼貼的構(gòu)造邊界。

        (3)魯西花崗-綠巖帶由NE向SW可劃分為魯山-沂水殼源巖漿弧、七星臺(tái)-蒙陰地塊和肥城-滕州巖漿弧,界線分別為南留-蒙山、七星臺(tái)-新泰韌性剪切帶,新太古代晚期魯西花崗-綠巖帶內(nèi)發(fā)生弧-陸斜向匯聚過(guò)程。

        (4)新太古代晚期華北克拉通存在與現(xiàn)代板塊構(gòu)造體制類似的大規(guī)模的水平位移。

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        Dynamic Characteristics in Late Neoproterozoic Period of

        Granite-Greenstone Belt in Luxi Area

        ——Evidence from Deformation of Structures in Ductile Shear Belt

        YU Ping1, WANG Dongming1, ZHANG Zhigang2, WANG Jingjing2, ZHANG Xuesong2

        (1. Longyan University, Fujian Longyan 364012, China; 2.Shandong Institute of Geological Surveying, Shandong Ji'nan 250014, China)

        Abstract:The early tectonic system of the earth and the evolution process of crust are research hotspots in Precambrian period. Granite-greenstone belt in Luxi area is located in the eastern part of the North China Craton. It is one of the most complete areas of Neoarchean basement rock series. A series of strike-slip ductile shear zones have been developed. In this paper, through detailed field investigation, it is showed that these ductile shear zones behave consistent geometric and kinematic characteristics. That is NW—NWW trending and sinistral strike-slip shear. It is suggested that they are formed by a unified dynamic process. In addition, these ductile shear zones are tectonic boundaries of different lithologic units. Based on previous studies of geochemistry and deformation chronology. It is considered that granite-greenstone belt can be divided into three main tectonic units from NE to SW, they are Lushan-Yishui magmatic arc, Qixingtai-Mengyin block and Feicheng-Tengzhou magmatic arc. The late Neoproterozoic granite-greenstone belt underwent oceanic crust subduction with the trend of SE and oblique arc - continental collision processes. It is indicated that the North China Craton already had a modern plate tectonic system characterized by block horizontal displacement in the late Neoproterozoic.

        Key words:Strike-slip ductile shear zone; arc-continental oblique collision; Neoarchean; granite-greenstone belt in Luxi area; North China Craton

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