河南鄭州市惠濟區(qū)實驗小學(xué) 李 穎 編譯

Solid,liquid,and gas are states of matter.Matter is anything that takes up space.Matter can come in different states,or forms.

固態(tài)、液態(tài)和氣態(tài)是物質(zhì)的狀態(tài)。物質(zhì)是占據(jù)空間的任何東西。物質(zhì)可以有不同的狀態(tài)或形式。

When matter is a solid,it has a definite volume and a definite shape.So,a solid has a size and shape of its own.Some solids can be easily folded,bent or broken.Such as,a piece of paper is a solid.Also,some solids are very tiny.For example,a grain of sand is a solid.

當物體是固體時，它有一定的體積和形狀。所以，固體有自己的大小和形狀。一些固體容易折疊、彎曲或打破。比如，一張紙是固體。此外，一些固體非常細小。比如，一粒沙子是固體。

When matter is a liquid,it has a definite volume but not a definite shape.So,a liquid has a size of its own,but it does not have a shape of its own.Think about pouring juice from a bottle into a cup.The juice still takes up the same amount of space.However,it doesn’t take the shape of the bottle,but takes the shape of the cup.Some liquids do not pour as easily as others.For example,honey and milk,but pouring honey takes more time than pouring milk.

當物體是液體時，它有一定的體積，但沒有一定的形狀。所以，液體有自己的大小，但沒有自己的形狀。想象一下，把瓶子里的果汁倒進茶杯里，果汁仍然占據(jù)相同的空間。然而，它卻不是瓶子的形狀，而是茶杯的形狀。有些液體不像其他液體那樣容易倒出，比如，蜂蜜和牛奶，但是，倒蜂蜜比倒牛奶要花更多的時間。

When matter is a gas,it does not have a definite volume or a definite shape.A gas’ volume expands,or gets bigger,until it completely fills a space.A gas’ volume can also get smaller if it is squeezed into a smaller space.Many gases are invisible.For example,air is a gas.

當物體是氣體時，它沒有確定的體積或形狀。氣體會發(fā)生體積膨脹，或體積增大，直到完全充滿空間。如果氣體被壓縮到更小的空間中，它的體積也會變得更小。許多氣體是看不見的。例如，空氣是一種氣體。

All the matters can be classified to be solid,liquid and gas.For example,wood is a solid,water is a liquid,and oxygen is a gas.You can find that different matters have different states.

所有物體可分為固體、液體和氣體。例如，木頭是固體，水是液體，氧氣是氣體。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同的物質(zhì)有不同的狀態(tài)。

However,sometimes some solid can be changed into liquid.Such as,ice is a solid.It turns into liquid when it’s heated.Water is a liquid.It changes into gas when it’s heated.In winter,when the temperature is below 0℃,water becomes ice,which is a solid.

然而，有時一些固體可以變成液體。例如，冰是固體，它受熱后會變成液體。水是一種液體，它受熱后會變成氣體。在冬天，當溫度低于0℃時，水會變成冰，而這是一種固體。

Can you classify matter as solid,liquid,or gas? Have a try.

你會區(qū)分物質(zhì)的固態(tài)、液態(tài)或氣態(tài)嗎？試一試吧。

1.Is rain a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

2.Is the water from a faucet a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

3.Is a tortoise shell a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

4.Is a handsaw a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

5.Is the air inside a soccer ball a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

6.Is wet glue a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

7.Is the air moving through a trumpet a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

8.Is a baseball glove a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

9.Is a piece of rope a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

10.Is a piece of glass a solid,a liquid,or a gas?

(參考答案見本期第73 頁)