緹娜
大運河由京杭大運河、隋唐大運河和浙東大運河組成。這條世界上建造時間最早、使用最久、空間跨度最大的人工運河,不僅是一條繁榮沿岸城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的黃金水道,也是一條奔流不息、熠熠生輝的千年文脈。
它潤澤千里,地跨北京、天津、河北、山東、河南、安徽、江蘇、浙江8個省、直轄市,溝通海河、黃河、淮河、長江、錢塘江五大水系,全長2700余公里;它亙古通今,開鑿于春秋,完成于隋朝,繁榮于唐宋,貫通于元代,疏通于明清,距今已有2500年的歷史;它縱貫?zāi)媳?,孕育出南方的靈秀婉約、中原的厚實敦重、北方的粗獷雄渾,涵養(yǎng)了特色鮮明的人文地理;它源遠(yuǎn)流長,京津、燕趙、齊魯、中原、淮揚、吳越文化在這里激蕩、交融,積淀著深厚悠久的文化底蘊——
四大徽班進(jìn)京,大運河見證了國粹京劇誕生;吳橋的雜技藝人登上運河船,走南闖北,甚至遠(yuǎn)涉重洋;宋代蘇軾、孫覺、秦觀、黃庭堅等詩詞大家,相繼宴聚于運河岸邊的高郵、邵伯,飲酒賦詩,成就了一方名勝文游臺、斗野亭;清代許多才華橫溢的書畫家北上南下,棲居揚州,形成標(biāo)新立異、別開生面的揚州八怪;山陜會館是京杭大運河留給聊城的歷史遺跡;高郵鴨蛋、寶應(yīng)荷藕、界首茶干、邵伯菱角、瓜洲江鮮等地方特產(chǎn),都與運河有著密切的聯(lián)系。
運河兩岸處處是歷史沉淀的印記。時至今日,大運河早已成為中華文明的重要標(biāo)識、中國文化的記憶載體,堪稱活態(tài)的文化。2014年6月22日,中國大運河在第38屆世界遺產(chǎn)大會上被列入了世界遺產(chǎn)名錄,成為中國第46個世界遺產(chǎn)項目。作為一個重要的文化符號,大運河已為世界所矚目。保護(hù)利用好這一“活”在當(dāng)下的文化遺產(chǎn),是傳承中華文化、弘揚中國精神的應(yīng)有之義——
2019年,《大運河文化保護(hù)傳承利用規(guī)劃綱要》印發(fā),為大運河沿線發(fā)展謀篇布局,大運河文化保護(hù)傳承利用迎來歷史最好時期;2020年,《大運河文化和旅游融合發(fā)展規(guī)劃》發(fā)布,推進(jìn)大運河文化遺產(chǎn)和旅游融合發(fā)展,讓文化遺產(chǎn)價值不斷凸顯;2021年,《大運河國家文化公園建設(shè)保護(hù)規(guī)劃》印發(fā),以一條“文化玉帶”串聯(lián)起沿岸無數(shù)物質(zhì)和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。
運河兩岸,一座座因水而興的城市也在不斷探索尋找與運河的切入點,讓悠悠水脈在新的時代依舊波光閃耀——香山幫建筑營造技藝、宋錦、緙絲、蘇繡等,到今天依然在大運河沿線傳承和發(fā)展,浸潤著百姓的生活;北京大運河文化帶正日漸復(fù)蘇,大運河博物館正在以“運河之舟”形象拔地而起;揚州打造集傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代于一身的“非遺”文化園,成為年輕人網(wǎng)紅打卡地、學(xué)生研學(xué)首選地;蘇州以“運河十景”項目建設(shè)提升運河景觀風(fēng)貌,恢復(fù)古驛站、水碼頭等文化遺存,在大運河畔續(xù)寫著姑蘇繁華;依運河而建、依運河而興的棗莊市臺兒莊區(qū),重建的古城已成為齊魯文化新地標(biāo)……
如今,浩蕩的大運河濤聲依舊,這條奔流不息的歷史瑰寶,孕育多彩的文化遺產(chǎn),連接著一座座古城的過去、現(xiàn)在以及未來,在時代的變遷中浩蕩向前。
The Grand Canal of China is composed of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, Sui-Tang Canal and Zhedong Canal. It is the worlds longest, oldest, and largest man-made canal. Serving as a significant transportation artery in ancient China, it has been a vital vein through which Chinas lifeblood has flowed. The Grand Canal of China starts in Beijing and passes through Tianjin and the provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Some 2,700 kilometers in length, it ties together two great rivers - the Yangtze River and the Yellow River - as well as important waterways such as the Hai River, the Huai River, and the Qiantang River. Dating back more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal was constructed in the Spring and Autumn Periods, completed in the Sui Dynasty, flourished during the Tang and Song Dynasties, reached a new peak in the Yuan Dynasty, and was kept in working order in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Connecting eastern and northern China, it represents the greatest masterpiece of hydraulic engineering in the history of mankind. The Grand Canal helped foster a dynamic and vivid cultural heritage and provides tangible proof of human wisdom, because of its ancient origins and its vast scale, along with its continuous development.