From "Criticism" to "Sci-Tech Ethical Governance": A Paradigm Transformation

Xue Guibo, Wang Yuchen

(CollegeofMarxism,NanjingForestryUniversity,Nanjing210037,China)

Abstract:Criticism of science and technology refers to a western philosophical trend of thought that emerged, developed and deduced under the background of increasingly-severe ecological predicament and human crisis in capitalist countries. It has made valuable reflections on the nature and social functions of science and technology, but it is not completely applicable to China’s science and technology. The ethical governance of science and technology remains an important concept and strategy put forward by our country to better promote "science and technology for the good", which is of great significance to accelerate the construction of a sci-tech giant. We should not only actively promote scientific and technological innovation, but also prudently deal with scientific and technological risks and ethical issues. We should learn more beneficial elements from western scientific and technological critical thoughts, and build a practical and targeted sci-tech ethical governance concept and action paradigm suitable for China, so as to better deal with the challenges brought by the new round of scientific and technological revolution.

Key words:criticism of science and technology; ethical governance of science and technology; paradigm; transformation

The Ecological Implication of Marx's Thoughts on the Relationship between Nature and Man

Yao Xiujie

(CollegeofMarxism,TianjinUniversityofTechnology,Tianjin300384,China)

Abstract:Under the capitalist system, the double alienation of nature and man has seriously eroded all aspects of human life. In Marx's view, it is incurred by the rupture of "metabolism" between man and nature. This result not only makes people break away from the nature, but also makes them isolated from the normal exchange relationship in the process of product exchange, and then plunder nature twice under the stimulus of capital chasing profits. We attribute the cause of this consequence to the expansion of subjectivity since modern times and the private ownership under the capitalist system established on this basis. The emergence of ecological crisis and the alienation of human labor fundamentally point to this system. Obviously, to overcome this problem fundamentally, we must move from capitalist private ownership of capital to communist public ownership of the means of production, that is, from subjectivity to objectivity. The objective dimension provided by the public ownership of the means of production not only dispels the arbitrariness and selfishness brought about by the expansion of subjectivity, but also enables people to achieve the harmony between man and nature while obtaining labor liberation. In this way, the solution of the ecological crisis is unified with the liberation of people.

Key words:subject; alienation; the new supersedes the old; private ownership; public ownership

Review and Reflection on International Legal Norms for Marine Disposal of Radioactive Wastes—From the perspective of nuclear sewage disposal of Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan

Guo Ping, Yu Hanming

(SchoolofLaw,SunYat-senUniversity,Guangzhou510006,China)

Abstract:On April 13, 2021, the Japanese government formally decided to discharge the nuclear sewage generated by the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 into the sea through their cabinet meeting. Through the review of relevant international treaties and other international legal norms, it is believed that despite the limitations or deficiencies in the application of the above-mentioned norms in dealing with the marine disposal of radioactive waste, their general obligations related to marine environmental protection and relevant basic principles can still regulate the marine disposal of Fukushima nuclear sewage. In order to better balance the relationship between the peaceful and green use of nuclear energy and the protection of the marine environment, we should uphold the concept of a community with a shared future in the oceans, give full play to the normative role of international law, actively address the marine ecological environment challenges that may arise from the marine disposal of nuclear sewage, and promote global marine environmental governance.

Key words:radioactive waste; marine disposal; Fukushima nuclear accident; community of shared maritime destiny; norms of international law

The Illegality of Fukushima Nuclear Waste Water Discharge into the Sea and the Crisis Response of Neighbouring Countries

Hu Zhengliang, Li Wenwen

(LawSchool,ShanghaiMaritimeUniversity,Shanghai201306,China)

Abstract:On July 22, 2022, the Japan Atomic Energy Regulatory Commission approved Tokyo Electric Power Company to formulate the plan for discharging Fukushima nuclear waste water into the sea. From the perspective of nuclear safety, a country's disposal of radioactive waste should comply with international environmental laws and nuclear safety related laws. Once Japan discharges Fukushima nuclear waste water into the sea, it not only violates the international practices, but also offends the obligations of cross-border environmental impact assessment, radiation protection, notification and consultation under international environmental law and nuclear safety related international law. In order to deal with the possible marine ecological environment crisis caused by the discharge of Fukushima nuclear waste water into the sea, South Korea, China, Russia and other neighboring countries should, while trying to find effective ways to prevent it, also consider actively exercising the rights granted by international law, including applying for arbitration or bringing a lawsuit to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, requesting the International Court of Justice to issue an advisory opinion, and urging the International Atomic Energy Agency to supervise the discharge of Fukushima nuclear waste water into the sea, so as to protect the marine ecological environment and national health and safety of the country.

Key words:nuclear safety; Fukushima Nuclear Power Station; nuclear waste water; discharge; illegality; dealing with

Practice and Exploration of Rural Collective Property Rights System Reform to Promote Rural Revitalization

Ding Shengzhong

(InstituteofSociology,NingxiaAcademyofSocialScience,Yinchuan750021,China)

Abstract:The reform of rural collective property rights system refers to a profound institutional change in the field of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" in the new era, and also an important carrier to promote rural revitalization. In the reform of rural collective property rights system, we should analyze the target practice of the government, village collectives and villagers, build governance practices that integrate internal and external mechanisms, and promote the sustainable development of rural collective economy. The reform of the rural collective property rights system should be coordinated well in the relationship between national planning, provincial promotion and grassroots implementation, and handle well with the relationship between the reform of the rural collective property rights system and economic, social and political benefits, so as to consolidate the material, mass and governance bases for rural revitalization.

Key words:collective economy; property right reform; rural vitalization

Fu Sentence, Fu Paragraph and Fu Topic: the Reading and Interpretation Dimension ofFuPu, a Copy of the Tang Dynasty

Huang Zhili, Lin Xuezhen

(ChineseLanguageandLiterature,SouthChinaNormalUniversity,Guangzhou510006,China)

Abstract:It can be seen thatFuPu, a copy of the Tang Dynasty, was probably written by anonymous author in the middle Tang Dynasty. It remains one of the few extant Fuge- type works in the Tang Dynasty, which aims to provide a model and gateway for scholars to write Fu. The transcript integrates the creation and criticism of "new Fu", expounds in detail the ideal form of Fu in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, and represents the style and features of the critical theory of Fu in an era. For its long-term preservation overseas, it has deserved less attention by academic circle. From the perspective of Fu sentence, Fu paragraph and Fu topic, it is found that Fu spectrum is far more accomplished than the similar works of later generations in terms of the delimitation and naming of the structure of Tang Fu, the in-depth investigation of the constituent elements and combination criteria of Fu sentence, the terms of "head", "neck", "belly" and "tail" used in the paragraphs of Fu, and the metaphorical way of reading and interpreting Fu.

Key words:Fuge;FuPu, the copy of the Tang Dynasty; Shifu the testing prose-verse; literary-style Lvfu