唐藝

隨著人們生活水平日益提高，珠寶玉石首飾成為人們?nèi)粘ＯM(fèi)的組成部分之一。憑借著在珠寶行業(yè)中的互補(bǔ)鏈條，中國—東盟國家在技術(shù)、原材料供給等方面形成了密切的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作關(guān)系，有著廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

作為中國與東盟國家重要的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作平臺(tái)，中國—東盟博覽會(huì)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱東博會(huì)）也發(fā)揮著自身的平臺(tái)作用，助力雙方在珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)的協(xié)作中，匯聚共識(shí)、緊隨產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展大勢(shì)，為中國與東盟珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)的合作交流創(chuàng)造更多機(jī)遇。

釋放優(yōu)勢(shì)，促成合作

中國和東盟國家在珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)上呈現(xiàn)出的不同優(yōu)勢(shì)，決定了雙方在珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)合作上有著巨大的互補(bǔ)性。

從技術(shù)層面來看，中國在珠寶玉石磨制、雕塑、鑲嵌和黏串等工藝方面都取得了較大的突破進(jìn)展，雖然創(chuàng)意、設(shè)計(jì)和品牌設(shè)立方面和西方國家還存在一定差距，但是通過在技術(shù)、創(chuàng)新技藝方面的不斷突破，已經(jīng)擁有了比較完善的珠寶加工產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，在深加工終端產(chǎn)品方面基本能夠滿足東盟國家的大部分需求。

從資源供給來看，憑借著天然的地理位置優(yōu)勢(shì)，東盟的一些國家本身就是珠寶原石的著名產(chǎn)地。2019年，中國珠寶原料進(jìn)口總量約730噸，其中，東盟國家中的緬甸、泰國、菲律賓都是主要的進(jìn)口國之一。

以緬甸為例，緬甸歷史上就有“珠寶國”的美譽(yù)，世界上90%的翡翠產(chǎn)自緬甸，并且目前世界上已發(fā)現(xiàn)的質(zhì)量最好紅寶石也產(chǎn)自緬甸。但緬甸目前普遍缺乏較為成熟的珠寶加工技術(shù)，而中國在技術(shù)和設(shè)備方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)正好可以補(bǔ)足此短板。

東博會(huì)充分發(fā)揮平臺(tái)優(yōu)勢(shì)，為珠寶企業(yè)搭建溝通橋梁，推動(dòng)互補(bǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)在展會(huì)中充分釋放自身優(yōu)勢(shì)，促成合作。

2010年1月，中國—東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱自貿(mào)區(qū)）全面建成，標(biāo)志著中國和東盟國家的合作開啟了新紀(jì)元，作為全球第三大自由貿(mào)易區(qū)，中國和東盟的商貿(mào)合作開始步入“零關(guān)稅”時(shí)代。

隨著自貿(mào)區(qū)的建立，中國和東盟各國迎來了更多的合作機(jī)會(huì)，珠寶行業(yè)也乘著雙方商貿(mào)優(yōu)惠政策的東風(fēng)和東博會(huì)的展會(huì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，不斷在交流中謀求合作。

2010年的第7屆東博會(huì)新增設(shè)了服務(wù)貿(mào)易專題展、珠寶展等專業(yè)展。珠寶展吸引了中外多家珠寶產(chǎn)區(qū)參展商，涵蓋了緬甸玉、浙江淡水珍珠、新疆和田玉等多種展品，開創(chuàng)了中國和東盟國家在珠寶行業(yè)的合作新機(jī)遇。

2018年第15屆東博會(huì)，緬甸珠寶協(xié)會(huì)與廣東鉆玉珠寶研究院簽署了珠寶行業(yè)戰(zhàn)略合作協(xié)議，雙邊在珠寶行業(yè)的合作開始不斷進(jìn)階。

2020年在自貿(mào)區(qū)建成滿10周年之際，第17屆東博會(huì)首設(shè)東盟珠寶展區(qū)。東博會(huì)為東盟國家的珠寶企業(yè)，直接進(jìn)入擁有約14億消費(fèi)者的中國大市場(chǎng)搭建最便利的商貿(mào)合作平臺(tái)，打響了在中國市場(chǎng)的知名度，也促進(jìn)了雙方互補(bǔ)共贏的合作進(jìn)程。

助力珠寶行業(yè)持續(xù)閃光

東博會(huì)通過展廳設(shè)置、產(chǎn)品宣傳等途徑，不斷加強(qiáng)中國—東盟珠寶行業(yè)的深度交流及合作。

在2012年第9屆東博會(huì)期間，緬甸借助出任主題國的契機(jī)，首次舉辦珠寶玉器專題推介會(huì)，成為主題國亮點(diǎn)活動(dòng)之一。

推介會(huì)邀請(qǐng)了緬甸礦業(yè)部代表、緬甸珠寶協(xié)會(huì)代表等珠寶玉器專家，向中國珠寶行業(yè)企業(yè)及其他珠寶玉器愛好者介紹緬甸珠寶玉器市場(chǎng)情況、緬甸玉器鑒賞知識(shí)等，促進(jìn)中緬珠寶行業(yè)的交流與合作。

同時(shí)，在東博會(huì)基礎(chǔ)上衍生出來的各種針對(duì)推動(dòng)珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的相關(guān)的論壇、大賽也持續(xù)發(fā)力，為推動(dòng)珠寶設(shè)計(jì)人才培養(yǎng)、珠寶加工合作等行業(yè)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展提供了良好發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)。

2018年中國—東盟礦業(yè)珠寶玉石/手工藝術(shù)創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì)和制作大賽便與2018年（第九屆）中國—東盟礦業(yè)合作論壇同期舉辦。以大賽為契機(jī)，為珠寶行業(yè)發(fā)掘創(chuàng)意與美學(xué)時(shí)尚相結(jié)合的作品，倡導(dǎo)并推動(dòng)原創(chuàng)精神提供動(dòng)力，挖掘有潛力的珠寶設(shè)計(jì)人才。

聚焦中國—東盟的產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)一步合作共贏，提供更多的方式呈現(xiàn)是東博會(huì)的使命，也是東博會(huì)舉辦的特色。

作為東博會(huì)的永久舉辦地，廣西更是憑借著獨(dú)特的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)，成為對(duì)接粵港澳大灣區(qū)的貴金屬珠寶集聚地，依托廣西面向東盟的輻射優(yōu)勢(shì)，珠寶貿(mào)易門戶暢通無阻。

2007年10月，廣西梧州市榮獲“中國珠寶玉石首飾特色產(chǎn)業(yè)基地”的稱號(hào)，同時(shí)，梧州寶石城被列入廣西首批市場(chǎng)采購貿(mào)易方式試點(diǎn)，“就地通關(guān)、本地出口”成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。

2020年廣西賀州市黃金珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)園首次亮相第17屆東博會(huì)，吸引了許多客商和觀眾前來咨詢洽談，展現(xiàn)了在國際國內(nèi)雙循環(huán)中實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)的活力。

東博會(huì)通過發(fā)揮自身的平臺(tái)優(yōu)勢(shì)，結(jié)合廣西的地緣位置優(yōu)勢(shì)，為珠寶產(chǎn)業(yè)合作和相關(guān)的文化創(chuàng)新交流貢獻(xiàn)了非凡的力量。

展望未來，熠熠生輝

東博會(huì)作為緊扣中國—東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)進(jìn)程的展會(huì)，一直致力于為雙方企業(yè)開拓中國—東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)大市場(chǎng)提供便捷的平臺(tái)，并推動(dòng)雙方產(chǎn)業(yè)的合作發(fā)展。

為進(jìn)一步提高展會(huì)質(zhì)量，促成高效合作，東博會(huì)對(duì)參展企業(yè)和參展產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行了更嚴(yán)格的把關(guān)。2019年第16屆東博會(huì)引入了產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證和溯源體系。緬甸參展的珠寶玉石展商，要求必須是珠寶協(xié)會(huì)認(rèn)證會(huì)員，進(jìn)一步提高了珠寶玉石企業(yè)的參展標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

近兩年，由于新冠肺炎疫情的影響，整個(gè)珠寶行業(yè)下滑明顯，2019年的市場(chǎng)規(guī)模為7073億元，2020年下滑至6154億元，跌幅為13%，為近幾年來最大跌幅。

但隨著后疫情時(shí)代的到來，數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)得到突破性發(fā)展，人們的消費(fèi)觀念、消費(fèi)習(xí)慣在疫情時(shí)的重組，或?qū)⒊蔀橹閷毿袠I(yè)發(fā)展的契機(jī)。

2021年第18屆東博會(huì)就采用了“實(shí)體展+云上東博會(huì)”的辦展形式?！霸粕蠔|博會(huì)”的啟動(dòng)讓全年在線、常態(tài)化運(yùn)營(yíng)“365天永不落幕的東博會(huì)”成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。在東博會(huì)平臺(tái)的保駕護(hù)航下，珠寶企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品可以進(jìn)一步得到充分展現(xiàn)，減少疫情為行業(yè)帶來的消極影響，提高經(jīng)貿(mào)實(shí)效。

值得一提的是，《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》（RCEP）于2022年1月1日正式生效，中國—東盟的合作又迎來了新機(jī)遇。日本、澳大利亞等RCEP成員國在珠寶行業(yè)方面的創(chuàng)意、設(shè)計(jì)和人才優(yōu)勢(shì)注入，或許將成為區(qū)域內(nèi)珠寶行業(yè)的進(jìn)一步合作發(fā)展的新動(dòng)能。

在RCEP生效推動(dòng)自由貿(mào)易發(fā)展的新形勢(shì)下，相信東博會(huì)在助力中國—東盟珠寶行業(yè)的合作中將繼續(xù)貢獻(xiàn)積極力量，讓展會(huì)成果進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)效益，最大程度展現(xiàn)互利共贏的巨大效能。

As people’s living standard raises， jewelry has become a part of people’s consumption. With the complementary industrial chain in jewelry， China and ASEAN countries have established close economic and trade relations in terms of technology exchange and raw material supply， which keeps promoting the development of the industry for both sides.

As a crucial platform for economic and trade cooperation between China and ASEAN countries， the China-ASEAN Expo （CAEXPO） is utilizing its function to promote the coordination of this industry by helping the two sides reach consensus and keeping with the trend of development in the jewelry industry， offering more opportunities for China’s and ASEAN countries’ jewelry industry to exchange and cooperate.

Leveraging advantages and facilitating cooperation

The different advantages of China and ASEAN in the jewelry industry make the two sides complementary for cooperation.

In terms of technology， China has several major signs of progress in polish， carving， inlay， and stringing. Though the creativity， design， and brand visibility of Chinese jewelry are still behind western jewelry， the industry in China has technological breakthroughs and a rather complete processing chain， for which it can satisfy most of the deep processing demand of ASEAN countries for end products.

In terms of resource and supply， some ASEAN countries are renowned natural suppliers of rough gemstones. In 2019， China’s total imports of gemstones were 730 tons. ASEAN countries like Myanmar， Thailand， and the Philippines were the major exporters.

Myanmar， for example， was known as the country of gems in history. 90% of the world’s jade stones are produced in Myanmar and Myanmar produces the current-best rubies. However， Myanmar lacks developed jewel processing technology， for which technology and equipment from China prove complementary to this disadvantage.

CAEXPO， as a platform， builds the bridge of communication for jewelry companies so that the complementors can fully leverage their advantages and reach cooperation.

In January 2010， the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area （ACFTA） officially opened， marking a new age of China-ASEAN cooperation. For it is the world’s third-largest FTA， China-ASEAN business and trade cooperation entered a tariff-free age.

China and ASEAN witnessed more cooperation opportunities after the? establishment of the FTA. The jewelry industry also continued to widen the cooperation through taking advantages of favorable policies from both sides and CAEXPO’s platform advantages.

Special exhibitions， such as the Trade in Services Themed Exhibition and the Jewelry Exhibition， were added to the 7th CAEXPO. The Jewelry Exhibition attracted many participating enterprises from different gem stones production areas at home and abroad. The exhibits include Burmese jade， freshwater pearl from Zhejiang， China， and the Hetian Jade from Xinjiang. The exhibition has brought new cooperation opportunities to the industry in both China and the ASEAN countries.

At the 15th CAEXPO held in 2018， the Myanmar Gems and Jewellery Entrepreneur Association （MGJEA） and the Guangdong Institute of Diamond， Jade & Jewelry signed the Agreement on the Strategic Partnership of Jewelry Industry， ushering in huge potential opportunities for the two sides in the industry.

In 2020 when the FTA was at its 10th anniversary， the 17th CAEXPO set up the ASEAN Jewelry Section for the first time. The CAEXPO provided the most convenient platform for trade cooperation for the ASEAN jewelry companies to directly enter the huge Chinese market with 1.4 billion consumers and increase their brand visibility， facilitating the complementary win-win cooperation process for the two sides.

Keeping the industry glittering

Through setting up a new exhibition section and carrying outproduction promotion， the CAEXPO keeps enhancing the in-depth communication and cooperation between the jewelry industry of China and ASEAN.

During the 9th CAEXPO， Myanmar took the opportunity of being the Country of Honor to hold the Jewelry and Jade Special Promotion for the first time， making it a highlight of that expo.

Jewelry & Jade professionals， such as the representatives from the Ministry of Mines and the MGJEA were invited to the promotion to introduce the market environment and the knowledge of the Burmese jewelry & jade to Chinese jewelry companies and consumers， which facilitated the exchange and cooperation between the industry of both sides.

Meanwhile， the forums and contests derived from the CAEXPO which are dedicated to developing the industry， also contribute to creating a sustainable business environment by facilitating talents training and jewelry processing cooperation.

The 2018 China-ASEAN Mining Jewelry Jade/Handmade Art Creative Design and Production Competition and the 9th China-ASEAN Mining Cooperation Forum were held at the same time in 2018. Participants took the opportunity to discover the creative artworks with fashionable designs， to call for the spirit of originality and to search for talents in jewelry design.

Focusing on the further win-win cooperation between Chinese and ASEAN industries and providing more ways to present the opportunities are not only CAEXPO’s mission but also its characteristic.

As the permanent venue of the CAEXPO， Guangxi utilizes its advantaged location to become a precious metal and jewelry distributing center that connects to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. As a convenient entrance to ASEAN countries， Guangxi serves as an unimpeded gateway for the jewelry trade.

In October 2007， Wuzhou City， Guangxi， won the name of China Feature Production Base for Gems， Jade & Jewelry. Meanwhile， Wuzhou’s Gems City was listed as the first batch of market procurement trade pilot area in Guangxi， with which the market allows the traders to finish on-site customs clearance.

In 2020， the Guangxi Gold & Jewelry Industrial Park in Hezhou first showed up in the 17th CAEXPO and attracted many traders and visitors， showing the strong vitality of a sustainably developing jewelry industry under China’s Domestic-International Dual Circulation Strategy.

By facilitating its function as a platform and utilizing Guangxi’s location advantages， the CAEXPO brings momentum to cooperation in the jewelry industry and the related cultural innovation and exchange.

Looking into a brighter future

The CAEXPO， as an event that keeps with the development of the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area， is dedicated to providing a convenient platform for Chinese and ASEAN enterprises to explore the huge market in the FTA and promoting bilateral industrial cooperation and development.

To further improve the exhibition quality and facilitate efficient cooperation， the CAEXPO enforced stricter standards upon the participants and their products. The 16th CAEXPO introduced the product certification and traceability system. The jewelry and jade exhibitors from Myanmar must be certificated members of MGJEA， which improved the standard for exhibitors to participate in the expo.

In the past two years， the jewelry industry has been gravely influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The market size of the industry shrunk from RMB 707.3 billion yuan in 2019 to RMB 615.4 billion yuan in 2020， signifying a 13% annual decrease， the biggest drop in recent years.

However， entering the post-pandemic era， the world sees significant breakthroughs and development in the digital economy. The notion and habit of consumption have gone through redefinition during the pandemic， which could be the opportunity for the jewelry industry to grow again.

In 2021， the 18th CAEXPO adopted the “Offline + Online Exhibition” model. The Online Exhibition aims to create an all-year-round regular exhibition. With the help of the platform， jewelry companies had more chances to display their products， and thus lessened the impact of the pandemic， gaining better market performance.

One thing worth mentioning is that as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership entered into force on January 1， 2022， China-ASEAN cooperation is expecting new opportunities. The RCEP member states， such as Japan and Australia， will bring their advantages in creativity， design， and professionals to the industry， which might be an impetus for promoting further cooperation and development of the industry in the region.

Under the new situation where RCEP’s entry into force boost the development of free trade， it is convincing that the CAEXPO will continue to contribute its efforts in facilitating China-ASEAN jewelry industry cooperation and will further convert the expo’s result into economic and social benefit， showing the mutually-beneficial cooperation at its maximum.

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