Henry Louis Mencken

學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)

Activity 1

Think about the following questions， and write down your answers before reading the essay.

（1） What， do you think， made some people think in ancient times that women were less intelligent than men？

（2） What， then， makes them think that way today？

Activity 2

Read the essay， and try to fill in the blank.

Intuition is a “useful” concept that ________ women’s greater intelligence.

Men， as everyone knows， are disposed1 to question this superior intelligence of women; their egoism demands the denial， and they are seldom reflective enough to dispose of2 it by logical and evidential analysis. Moreover， as we shall see a bit later on， there is a certain specious3 appearance of soundness in their position; they have forced upon women an artificial character which well conceals their real character， and women have found it profitable to encourage the deception. But though every normal man thus cherishes the soothing unction4 that he is the intellectual superior of all women， and particularly of his wife， he constantly gives the lie to his pretension by consulting and deferring to5 what he calls her intuition. That is to say， he knows by experience that her judgment in many matters of capital concern is more subtle and searching than his own， and， being disinclined to accredit this greater sagacity6 to a more competent intelligence， he takes refuge behind the doctrine that it is due to some impenetrable and intangible talent for guessing correctly， some half mystical super sense， some vague （and， in essence， infra-human） instinct.

The true nature of this alleged instinct， however， is revealed by an examination of the situations which inspire a man to call it to his aid. These situations do not arise out of the purely technical problems that are his daily concern， but out of the rarer and more fundamental， and hence enormously more difficult problems which beset7 him only at long and irregular intervals， and go offer a test， not of his mere capacity for being drilled， but of his capacity for genuine ratiocination8. No man， I take it， save9 one consciously inferior and hen-pecked10， would consult his wife about hiring a clerk， or about extending credit to some paltry customer， or about some routine piece of tawdry swindling; but not even the most egoistic man would fail to sound the sentiment of his wife about taking a partner into his business， or about standing for public office， or about combating unfair and ruinous competition， or about marrying off their daughter. Such things are of massive importance; they lie at the foundation of well-being; they call for the best thought that the man confronted by them can muster11; the perils hidden in a wrong decision overcome even the clamors of vanity. It is in such situations that the superior mental grasp of women is of obvious utility， and has to be admitted. It is here that they rise above the insignificant sentimentalities， superstitions and formulae of men， and apply to the business their singular talent for separating the appearance from the substance， and so exercise what is called their intuition.

Intuition？ With all respect， bosh！ Then it was intuition that led Darwin to work out the hypothesis of natural selection. Then it was intuition that fabricated the gigantically complex score of “Die Walküre.” Then it was intuition that convinced Columbus of the existence of land to the west of the Azores. All this intuition of which so much transcendental12? rubbish is merchanted is no more and no less than intelligence—intelligence so keen that it can penetrate to the hidden truth through the most formidable wrappings of false semblance and demeanour， and so little corrupted by sentimental prudery that it is equal to the even more difficult task of hauling that truth out into the light， in all its naked hideousness. Women decide the larger questions of life correctly and quickly， not because they are lucky guessers， not because they are divinely inspired， not because they practise a magic inherited from savagery， but simply and solely because they have sense13. They see at a glance what most men could not see with searchlights and telescopes; they are at grips with the essentials of a problem before men have finished debating its mere externals. They are the supreme realists of the race. Apparently illogical， they are the possessors of a rare and subtle super-logic. Apparently whimsical， they hang to the truth with a tenacity which carries them through every phase of its incessant， jellylike shifting of form. Apparently unobservant and easily deceived， they see with bright and horrible eyes. In men， too， the same merciless perspicacity14 sometimes shows itself—men recognized to be more aloof and uninflammable than the general—men of special talent for the logical—sardonic men， cynics. Men， too， sometimes have brains. But that is a rare， rare man， I venture， who is as steadily intelligent， as constantly sound in judgment， as little put off by appearances， as the average women of forty-eight.

1. If you are disposed to do sth， you are willing or eager to do it.

2. If you dispose of a problem， task， or question， you deal with it.

3. Something that is specious seems to exist or be true， but is not real or true.

4. behaviour or speech that is not sincere and that expresses too much praise or admiration of sb.

5. If you defer to someone， you accept their opinion or do what they want you to do， even when you do not agree with it yourself， because you respect them or their authority.

6. Sagacity is the quality of being sagacious. A sagacious person is intelligent and has the ability to make good decisions.

7. If someone or something is beset by problems or fears， they have many problems or fears which affect them severely.

8. the process of thinking or arguing about sth. in a logical way

9. You can use save to introduce the only things， people， or ideas that your main statement does not apply to.

10. You use hen-pecked to describe a man when you disapprove of the fact that his wife， or another woman， is always telling him what to? ? do or telling him that he has done sth. wrong.

11. If you muster something such as support， strength， or energy， you gather as much of it as you can in order to do sth.

12. Transcendental refers to things that lie beyond the practical experience of ordinary people， and cannot be discovered or understood by ordinary reasoning.

13. Sense is the ability to make good judgments and to behave sensibly.

14. Someone who is perspicacious notices， realizes， and understands things quickly.

學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)

Activity 3

Read the essay again， and answer the following questions.

（1） How do men deny women’s competent intelligence？ （para. 1）

（2） When would women’s sagacity be admitted？ （para. 2）

（3） What does “no more and no less than intelligence” mean？ （para. 3）

Activity 4

Study the words in bold and the underlined phrases. Complete the blank-filling task below.

（1） The country is b________ by severe economic problems.

（2） We passed one or two dwellings， but were not d________ to stop.

（3） They knew nothing about her s________ her name.

（4） It is unlikely that the Duke was convinced by such s________ arguments.

（5） Doctors are encouraged to ________ ________ experts.

（6） You did us a great favour by ________ ________ that problem.