吳業(yè)強(qiáng)　占剛　毛衛(wèi)秀

摘 要：1+X證書(shū)制度體現(xiàn)了職業(yè)教育作為一種類(lèi)型教育的重要特征，是落實(shí)立德樹(shù)人根本任務(wù)、完善職業(yè)教育和培訓(xùn)體系、深化產(chǎn)教融合校企合作的一項(xiàng)重要制度設(shè)計(jì)。1+X證書(shū)制度試點(diǎn)工作，是深化教師、教材、教法“三教”改革、促進(jìn)校企合作、建好用好實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、探索建設(shè)職業(yè)教育國(guó)家“學(xué)分銀行”、構(gòu)建國(guó)家資歷框架的具體抓手，做好1+X證書(shū)制度試點(diǎn)具有十分重要的意義。文章以貴州電子信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院汽車(chē)運(yùn)用與維修1+X證書(shū)制度試點(diǎn)工作為例，對(duì)試點(diǎn)過(guò)程中教師、教材、教法“三教”改革具體做法和成效進(jìn)行了介紹，將試點(diǎn)工作中存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析并提出下一步工作建議，為同類(lèi)院校開(kāi)展試點(diǎn)工作提供參考借鑒。

關(guān)鍵詞：1+X證書(shū)制度 “三教”改革 教師 教材 教法

The Exploration and Practice of the Three Education Reforms based on the 1+X Certificate System

——Take the Guizhou Vocational and Technical College of Electronics and Information Technology as an example

Wu Yeqiang Zhan Gang Mao Weixiu

Abstract：The 1+X certificate system embodies the important characteristics of vocational education as a type of education. It is an important system design to implement the fundamental tasks of Lide， improve the vocational education and training system， and deepen the integration of industry and education. The pilot work of the 1+X certificate system is to deepen the reform of the "three educations" of teachers， textbooks， and teaching methods， promote school-enterprise cooperation， build well-used training bases， explore the construction of a national "credit bank" for vocational education， and build a national qualifications framework. It is of great significance to do a good job of the 1+X certificate system pilot. The article takes the pilot work of the 1+X certificate system for automobile application and maintenance in Guizhou Vocational and Technical College of Electronics and Information Technology as an example， introduces the specific methods and results of the "three teachings" reforms of teachers， textbooks， and teaching methods during the pilot process， and will exist in the pilot work. The problem was analyzed and suggestions for the next step were put forward to provide reference for similar colleges and universities to carry out pilot work.

Key words：1+X certificate system， "three teachings" reform， teachers， teaching materials， teaching methods

1+X證書(shū)制度體現(xiàn)了職業(yè)教育作為一種類(lèi)型教育的重要特征，是落實(shí)立德樹(shù)人根本任務(wù)、完善職業(yè)教育和培訓(xùn)體系、深化產(chǎn)教融合校企合作的一項(xiàng)重要制度設(shè)計(jì)。1+X證書(shū)制度試點(diǎn)工作，是深化教師、教材、教法“三教”改革、促進(jìn)校企合作、建好用好實(shí)訓(xùn)基地、探索建設(shè)職業(yè)教育國(guó)家“學(xué)分銀行”、構(gòu)建國(guó)家資歷框架的具體抓手，做好1+X證書(shū)制度試點(diǎn)具有十分重要的意義[1-5]。

1 試點(diǎn)基本情況

貴州電子信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院2019年獲批成為教育部第一批1+X證書(shū)制度試點(diǎn)單位，參與汽車(chē)運(yùn)用與維修（含智能新能源汽車(chē)）職業(yè)技能等級(jí)證書(shū)的試點(diǎn)工作，也是該證書(shū)的培訓(xùn)站和考核站。

2019年完成汽車(chē)運(yùn)用與維修職業(yè)技能等級(jí)證書(shū)--全車(chē)網(wǎng)關(guān)控制及娛樂(lè)系統(tǒng)技術(shù)中級(jí)證書(shū)的認(rèn)證考試。2020年完成汽車(chē)運(yùn)用與維修職業(yè)技能等級(jí)證書(shū)--汽車(chē)動(dòng)力與驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)綜合分析技術(shù)中級(jí)和汽車(chē)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)評(píng)估與金融保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)技術(shù)中級(jí)證書(shū)的認(rèn)證考試。通過(guò)開(kāi)展1+X試點(diǎn)工作，學(xué)院在1+X證書(shū)制度機(jī)制體制建設(shè)、三教改革等方面取得了良好成效。

2 主要做法及試點(diǎn)成效

2.1 落實(shí)責(zé)任，完善工作協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制