單彥

據(jù)中國慈善聯(lián)合會(huì)11月26日發(fā)布的《2020年度中國慈善捐贈(zèng)報(bào)告》顯示，2020年我國接受境內(nèi)外慈善捐贈(zèng)超2000億元，善款主要投向衛(wèi)生健康等領(lǐng)域，其中用于疫情防控的捐贈(zèng)比重最大。

《報(bào)告》數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2020年我國共接受境內(nèi)外慈善捐贈(zèng)2253.13億元人民幣。其中，內(nèi)地接受款物捐贈(zèng)共計(jì)2086.13億元，首次超過2000億元，同比增長38.21%。此外，香港特別行政區(qū)、澳門特別行政區(qū)分別接受捐贈(zèng)149億元和18億元人民幣。臺(tái)灣尚無權(quán)威統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。

捐贈(zèng)來源中，企業(yè)仍為捐贈(zèng)主力，個(gè)人捐贈(zèng)也大幅提升。2020年，我國企業(yè)和個(gè)人的捐贈(zèng)總額分別為1218.11億元和524.15億元，年度增幅均在三成以上，合計(jì)占捐贈(zèng)總額的83.52%；其余來自事業(yè)單位、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)等方面的捐贈(zèng)占16.48%。企業(yè)捐贈(zèng)首次超千億元，仍為捐贈(zèng)主力；個(gè)人捐贈(zèng)同步增長。

《報(bào)告》顯示，2020年我國慈善捐贈(zèng)主要投向衛(wèi)生健康、教育、扶貧發(fā)展等領(lǐng)域，其中衛(wèi)生健康領(lǐng)域比重最大，超捐贈(zèng)總額的三成。

2020年，我國衛(wèi)生健康領(lǐng)域共接受款物捐贈(zèng)710.36 億元，同比增長160.94%，占比34.05%。其中用于疫情防控的捐贈(zèng)比重最大，僅2020年上半年，全國各級(jí)慈善組織累計(jì)接受抗疫捐款396.27億元、物資10.9億件。

此外，教育領(lǐng)域的捐贈(zèng)也穩(wěn)定增長，億元大額捐贈(zèng)不斷涌現(xiàn)。2020年，我國教育事業(yè)接受捐贈(zèng)總額達(dá)450.29億元，比2019年增長2.27%，占比21.58%。教育領(lǐng)域的大額捐贈(zèng)多以企業(yè)和企業(yè)家群體、企業(yè)基金會(huì)為主。多家高校教育基金會(huì)接受的捐贈(zèng)超億元。

《報(bào)告》還顯示，2020年我國慈善組織通過20家互聯(lián)網(wǎng)募捐平臺(tái)共籌集善款逾82億元，同比增長52%，超100億人次點(diǎn)擊、關(guān)注和參與了網(wǎng)絡(luò)捐贈(zèng)。

此外，慈善信托單數(shù)增長明顯，金額增長減緩。截至2020年末，我國累計(jì)備案慈善信托共537單，財(cái)產(chǎn)總規(guī)模33.19億元，同比增長分別為96.70%和13.08%。2020年，全國慈善信托新增257單，新增財(cái)產(chǎn)規(guī)模3.90億元，總體呈現(xiàn)信托單數(shù)增加、信托財(cái)產(chǎn)增速減緩的趨勢(shì)。

中國慈善聯(lián)合會(huì)官網(wǎng)信息顯示，該組織成立于2013年6月，是由民政部主管、注冊(cè)登記，并經(jīng)國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)成立的全國性社會(huì)團(tuán)體，是樞紐型、平臺(tái)型行業(yè)組織。

China Charity Alliance released the 2020 China Charity Donation Report

On November 26th 2021， the China Charity Alliance released the "2020 China Charity Donation Report" online at the 9th China Charity Projects Exchange and Exhibition Conference.

In the past year， Chinese charity sector have actively participated in the fight against COVID-19 and natural disasters， focused on poverty alleviation， groups in difficulties and concerns of the masses. This reflects the growth and progress of Chinas charity sector and their efforts in implementing countrys national strategies and responding to major events， showing great dedication and love of the whole society.

According to statistics， China received 225.313 billion yuan of charitable donations at home and abroad in 2020. Among them， the mainland received a total of 208.613 billion yuan， exceeding 200 billion yuan for the first time， a year-on-year increase of 38.21%. In addition， the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region received donations of 14.9 billion yuan and 1.8 billion yuan respectively. There are no authoritative statistics in Taiwan province.

Data show that Chinas charitable donations present the following characteristics.

1. Money and material donations were on the rise and charity showed responsibility.

In 2020， Chinas cash and material donations increased to a certain extent， with cash donations reaching 147.397 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 41.12%； it has exceeded 100 billion yuan for three consecutive years， accounting for 70.66% of the total donation. In 2020， the national material donation was equivalent to 61.216 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 31.66%， and accounting for 29.34%.

2. Enterprises remained an important donor and individual donations have increased significantly.

In 2020， the total donations of Chinese enterprises and individuals were 121.811 billion yuan and 52.415 billion yuan respectively， with an annual increase of more than 30%， accounting for 83.52% of the total donations； the remaining donations from public institutions， industry associations and chambers of commerce accounted for 16.48%. Corporate donations exceeded 100 billion yuan for the first time， still the main force and individual donations increased simultaneously.

3.Large numbers of donations have been invested in combating COVID-19 and poverty alleviation.

In 2020， Chinas charitable donations were mainly invested in the field of health and received a total of 71.036 billion yuan in donations， a year-on-year increase of 160.94%， accounting for 34.05%. Among them， donations for Epidemic prevention and control accounted for the largest proportion. For the first half of 2020， charitable organizations at all levels received 39.627 billion yuan of money and 1.09 billion pieces of materials against COVID-19.

2020 is a decisive year to building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and fighting against poverty. All sectors of society have donated 38.558 billion yuan to the field of poverty alleviation， which has played a positive role in changing poor villages， improving the living conditions and governance capacity in poor areas.

4. Donations in the field of education increased steadily and large donations of 100 million yuan continued to emerge.

In 2020， Chinas total donations to education reached 45.029 billion yuan， an increase of 2.27% over 2019， accounting for 21.58%. Large donations in the field of education are mainly from enterprises， entrepreneur groups and enterprise foundations. A number of university education foundations have received donations of more than 100 million yuan.

5. 8.2 billion yuan were raised through the Internet fundraising platform.

I n 2 0 2 0 ， C h i n a c h a r i t a b l e organizations raised funds of over 8.2 billion yuan through 20 Internet fundraising platforms， an increase of 52% over the same period， and over 10 billion people clicked， concerned and participated in the Internet donation， which highlighted the vitality of "Internet × Charity".

6. The number of charitable trusts increased significantly and the amount growth slowed down.

By the end of 2020， a total of 537 charitable trusts had been filed in China， with a total property scale of 3.319 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 96.70% and 13.08% respectively. In 2020， 257 new charitable trusts were added nationwide， with a new property scale of 390 million yuan， showing an overall trend of increasing the number of trust orders and slowing down the growth rate of trust property.