浙江杭州市富陽區(qū)新登中學(xué) 胡君祥

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難詞探意

1. catastrophe /k?'t?str?fi/ n. 災(zāi)難

2. drill /dr?l/ n. 訓(xùn)練

3. evacuation /?,v?kju'e?∫n/ n. 疏散

4. deed /di?d/ n. （尤指房產(chǎn)）契約；證書

No one can prevent natural disasters. But you can prepare for them. Being ready for acatastrophebefore it happens may help you protect yourself, your family and your home.

First, create and practice a plan with your family, figuring out what to do in the event of a disaster. Make sure everyone knows their role and the plan—then havedrills, practicing so you're all comfortable with who does what.According to Ready.gov, the four primary factors that your plan should account for include where to shelter, a route for evacuation, getting emergency alerts and warnings, and family communication.

Pack an emergency preparedness kit. Having an emergency preparedness kit on hand may help you keep your family safe during a disaster. Supplies of food, clean water, medication, batteries, radios, flashlights, medical supplies, clothing, and blankets should be stored in the kit, along with food and water for pets. Many people also like to keep copies of important documents like birth certificates,deedsof homes and cars, and passports in the kit, so that it will be readily accessible as needed, and keeping cash on hand is also a good idea.As a general rule, there should be enough supplies in an emergency kit to get by for 72 hours without assistance.

Take note of your insurance policy numbers, and keep this information in a safe place that's easy to access. You'll want the numbers for your vehicle, home and any other relevant policies you've purchased relating to things that might get damaged during a disaster. It's also a wise idea to have your insurance company's claims department phone number on hand in case you need to start the process right away.While storing your insurance information in your phone and computer is a good start,your electronics' batteries may run down during a catastrophic event.Keep hard copies of this information in your wallet, in your glove box and even at your office or a relative's home in case you're unable to retrieve them from your own house but need to make a call.

Language

Study

Difficult sentences

1. According to Ready.gov, the four primary factors that your plan should account for include where to shelter, a route for evacuation, getting emergency alerts and warnings, and family communication.

譯文：根據(jù)Ready.gov，你的計劃應(yīng)該考慮的四個主要因素包括去哪里避難、撤離的路線、得到緊急警報和警告，以及家庭交流。

分析：本句中，account for本意為“對……做出解釋；說明……的原因；（比例）占”，在此處可引申為“考慮”。

2. As a general rule, there should be enough supplies in an emergency kit to get by for 72 hours without assistance.

譯文：一般情況下，應(yīng)急包里應(yīng)該要有足夠的物資，以便在沒有救援的情況下度過72小時。

分析：本句中，get by意為“勉強應(yīng)付；設(shè)法過活”。

Reading

Check

閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

寫作導(dǎo)引

一、析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定中心話題，理要點

二、改寫

可以采用替換、轉(zhuǎn)換和信息概括等技巧來實現(xiàn)對原文要點的轉(zhuǎn)述。

1. 替換：同義詞替換、單詞替換短語、短語替換句子等。

a. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. →The universe started with/originated from a “Big Bang”.

b. Bear in mind that nothing is impossible. →Remember that nothing is impossible.

c. Since you have realized that your time is limited, you'll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation. →Having realized that your time is limited, you'll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.

where the meanings of a,b,A i,B i and those in Eq 5 are the same,A50 and B50 are the dose of drug A and B,respectively,that yield one-half individual maximal effect,p and q are the Hill coefficient describing the dose-response relation of drug A and B,respectively.

2. 轉(zhuǎn)換：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、句式轉(zhuǎn)換、語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換、主語轉(zhuǎn)換等。

a. Doing exercise for an hour a day benefits your health. →Doing exercise for an hour a day is beneficial to your health.

b. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. →It took some time for water to show the importance in the development of life.

c. People are still cutting down too many trees. →Too many trees are still being cut down by people.

d. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. →A “Big Bang” gave rise to/led to/resulted in the universe.

三、修改

1. 運用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞潤色文章。

表并列、遞進(jìn)：as well as、in addition to、not only...but also...、besides、what's more、furthermore等。

表對比：meanwhile、on the one hand..., on the other hand...、on the contrary、by contrast等。

表列舉：firstly、secondly、finally等。

表原因：because (of)、due to、on account of、for等。

表舉例：for example/instance、such as、and so on等。

總結(jié)：therefore、consequently、in short、in conclusion、in a word等。

2. 關(guān)注所寫概要的詞數(shù)，通常詞數(shù)超過72就要刪減一些細(xì)節(jié)；詞數(shù)少于48，可添加一些細(xì)節(jié)。 例如：

First, create a plan with your family, which should include some basic elements, like getting emergency alerts, where to shelter, and a route for evacuation. →First, create a plan with your family,which should include some basic elements, like getting emergency alerts. (刪減細(xì)節(jié))

First, create a plan with your family, which should include some basic elements, like getting emergency alerts. →First, create a plan with your family, which should include some basic elements,like getting emergency alerts, where to shelter, and a route for evacuation. (增加細(xì)節(jié))