建筑設(shè)計(jì)：柯爾-拉圖雷勒-黑德建筑事務(wù)所

1 馬諾菲爾德小學(xué)臨時校園帳篷外景/Exterior view of the pop-up school's tent at Manorfield Primary School

英國柯爾- 拉圖雷勒- 黑德建筑事務(wù)所（CLTH）發(fā)布了一個新概念，旨在幫助疏通學(xué)校內(nèi)部受限的交通流線，并在學(xué)校重新開放時保證學(xué)生和教職員工之間必要的社交距離。根據(jù)CLTH 團(tuán)隊(duì)的初步研究和分析，該臨時措施將有助于疏通學(xué)校內(nèi)部現(xiàn)有的學(xué)生流線，對空氣流通的促進(jìn)也有助于個人健康。建筑師將此視作一個未曾設(shè)想的、以非傳統(tǒng)方式利用公共或大型戶外空間的契機(jī)。

CLTH 的理念呈現(xiàn)為一系列臨時性的帳篷狀構(gòu)筑物，每一個構(gòu)造物的布置都能滿足學(xué)生間2m 的社交距離要求，并能適應(yīng)不同種類的教室功能。在疫情期間，戶外節(jié)慶活動中使用的如帳篷、可移動盥洗設(shè)施等資源可能處于閑置狀態(tài)，建筑師建議重新利用它們。在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下，現(xiàn)場還能以光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)和太陽能真空集熱管為熱水供暖提供可再生能源。鼓勵以順時針方向移動于構(gòu)筑物內(nèi)外，像佛教轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)筒那樣，以避免個體間的交錯。這一概念簡單且適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)，可以應(yīng)用于從足球場到步行區(qū)和鄰近的公園等不同戶外環(huán)境。

第一個臨時校園方案落成于倫敦陶爾哈姆萊茨區(qū)的馬諾菲爾德小學(xué)，以優(yōu)化學(xué)生和教職工間的社交距離。帳篷的尺寸為6m×18m，由來自坎布里亞郡的帳篷專家Original Marquees 公司供應(yīng)。這座臨時構(gòu)筑物被用作教室和學(xué)生午餐區(qū)，能提供的社交距離超出學(xué)?，F(xiàn)有能力至少25%。建筑師力圖證明在新冠肺炎疫情施加的限制下，仍有可能創(chuàng)造一個既能安全容納更多學(xué)生，又能滿足社交距離要求的環(huán)境。

CLTH 目前正與英國內(nèi)外的其他學(xué)校洽談，旨在將這一概念進(jìn)一步推廣至更廣泛的領(lǐng)域。除Original Marquees 公司外，建筑師們還與國際臨時構(gòu)筑物供應(yīng)商Veldeman 合作，生產(chǎn)可以滿足全年段團(tuán)體需求的臨時住宿設(shè)施，并配有講演設(shè)備、冷暖空調(diào)。

馬諾菲爾德小學(xué)的臨時帳篷預(yù)計(jì)將持續(xù)使用到當(dāng)前學(xué)期結(jié)束。（潘奕 譯）

2 臨時校園帳篷內(nèi)景效果/Rendering interior view of pop-up school's tent

3 臨時校園帳篷外景效果/Rendering exterior view of pop-up school's tent

British architecture firm Curl la Tourelle Head Architecture (CLTH) has released a new concept to help mitigate restricted circulation routes within schools and maintain the necessary social distancing among pupils and staff when schools reopen. Based on initial research and analysis carried out by the team at CLTH, this temporary provision will help liberate existing internal school space taking the pupil load off circulation areas, but also enhance air-flow contributing to individuals' wellbeing. The architects see this as an opportunity to utilise public or large outdoor spaces in unconventional ways that might not be thought of previously.

CLTH's idea sees a series of pop-up, tent-like structures, each of which is arranged to follow the two-metre social distancing rule between pupils, with the adaptability to host different classroom setups. The architects propose reusing resources such as marquees and portable bathroom facilities from outdoor festivals that would otherwise be dormant during the current pandemic. Where appropriate, renewable energy sources can also be provided on site in the form of PV arrays and solar evacuated tubes for hot water heating. Clockwise movements within and outside the structures will be encouraged, in a similar approach to Buddhist Mani wheel to avoid crossing over between individuals. Simple and adaptable, the concept can be applied to different outdoor settings; from football pitches to pedestrianised areas and neighbouring parks.

The first pop-up school proposal at Manorfield Primary School in Tower Hamlets, London to optimise social distancing among pupils and staff. The tent measures 6 m by 18 m and is supplied by Cumbria-based marquee specialist, Original Marquees. The temporary structure has been used to host classrooms and as a lunch area for pupils, delivering at least 25% more socially distanced capacity than what the school currently offers. The architects aim to demonstrate that under the constraints imposed by COVID-19, it is still possible to create an environment that can safely accommodate more pupils but also allow the social distancing rules to be observed.

CLTH is currently in discussion with other schools across the country and overseas, with the aim of rolling out the concept further and wider. In addition to Original Marquees, the architects are partnering with global temporary structure provider, Veldeman, to produce pop-up accommodation that can cater for full year groups and be lit with lecture theatre equipment, heating and air conditioning.

The pop-up tent at Manorfield Primary School is expected to stay until the end of the current school term.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

地點(diǎn)/Location: 全英國/UK-wide

客戶/Client: 英國各學(xué)校/Various UK Schools

主持建筑師/Principal Architects: Curl la Tourelle Head Architecture

合作/Collaborators: Archineers, Original Marquees, TT Tents

繪圖/Drawings: Curl la Tourelle Head Architecture, Darcstudio

攝影/Photos: Killian O'Sullivan, Brahim Kanoute

4 臨時校園草圖/Sketch of pop-up school

5 臨時校園流線分析/Circulation diagram of pop-up school

6 臨時校園帳篷內(nèi)景效果/Rendering interior view of pop-up school's tent

7 馬諾菲爾德小學(xué)臨時校園帳篷內(nèi)景/Interior view of the pop-up school's tent at Manorfield Primary School