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        妊娠肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥胎兔肺泡液中膽汁酸水平對上皮細(xì)胞損傷的研究

        2020-12-23 06:53:05劉正希張小利葉曉秀
        中國實(shí)用醫(yī)藥 2020年32期

        劉正希 張小利 葉曉秀

        【摘要】 目的 分析妊娠肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥胎兔肺泡液中膽汁酸水平對上皮細(xì)胞損傷的情況。方法 32只孕兔, 隨機(jī)分為對照組和疾病組, 每組16只。在成功妊娠22 d后, 疾病組孕兔經(jīng)頸后皮注射苯甲酸雌二醇, 對照組孕兔經(jīng)頸后皮下注射生理鹽水, 用藥直至孕兔分娩。比較兩組孕兔血清生化指標(biāo)水平與妊娠結(jié)局;胎兔肝膽酸水平、胎心組織心肌三磷酸腺苷酸水平、胎心細(xì)胞凋亡情況、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)水平。結(jié)果 疾病組孕兔天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酸、總膽汁酸、肝膽酸水平高于對照組, 總膽固醇水平低于對照組, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組孕兔總膽紅素水平比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。疾病組孕兔的胎兔質(zhì)量(32.2±2.0)g、胎盤質(zhì)量(5.0±0.4)g均低于對照組的(40.5±2.5)、(5.6±0.5)g, 妊娠時間(27.5±1.4)d短于對照組的(30.4±1.7)d, 胎兔存活率54.4%低于對照組的100.0%, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。疾病組胎兔肝膽酸、胎心組織心肌三磷酸腺苷酸水平低于對照組, 胎心細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)高于對照組, 差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。疾病組胎兔SOD水平明顯低于對照組, MDA水平明顯高于對照組, 差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 妊娠肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥胎兔心肌細(xì)胞有生成量障礙、氧化損傷、細(xì)胞凋亡現(xiàn)象, 頸后皮下注射苯甲酸雌二醇可改變疾病病理表現(xiàn), 由此證實(shí)雌激素可誘發(fā)膽汁淤積, 也是引起疾病主要因素。

        【關(guān)鍵詞】 妊娠肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥;胎兔;肺泡液;膽汁酸;上皮細(xì)胞

        DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.32.085

        【Abstract】 Objective? ?To analyze the injury of epithelial cells by bile acid level in alveolar fluid of fetal rabbits with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Methods? ?A total of 32 pregnant rabbits were randomly divided into control group and disease group, with 16 rabbits in each group. After 22 d of successful pregnancy, the pregnant rabbits in the disease group received subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate, and the pregnant rabbits in the control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline. The medication was administered until delivery. The serum biochemical index levels and pregnancy outcome, cholyglycine, myocardial adenosine triphosphate level in fetal heart tissue, apoptosis of fetal heart cells, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were compared between the two groups. Results? ?The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bile acid and cholyglycine of disease group were higher than those of the control group, and total cholesterol level was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in total bilirubin level between the two groups (P>0.05). The fetal rabbit mass (32.2±2.0) g and the placental mass (5.0±0.4) g in the disease group were lower than (40.5±2.5) and (5.6±0.5) g in the control group, time to pregnancy (27.5±1.4) d was shorter than (30.4±1.7) d of the control group, and survival rate of fetal rabbits 54.4% was lower than 100.0% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The cholyglycine and myocardial adenosine triphosphate level in fetal heart tissue of disease group were lower than those of the control group, and apoptosis index of fetal heart cells was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). SOD level of disease group was obviously lower than that of the control group, and MDA was obviously higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion? ?The myocardial cells of fetal rabbits with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy have the phenomena of production disturbance, oxidative damage and apoptosis. Subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate could change the pathological manifestations of the disease. It was confirmed that estrogen could induce cholestasis, which was also the main cause of the disease.

        通過本次研究發(fā)現(xiàn), 疾病組孕兔天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酸、總膽汁酸、肝膽酸水平高于對照組, 總膽固醇水平低于對照組, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組孕兔總膽紅素水平比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。疾病組孕兔的胎兔質(zhì)量(32.2±2.0)g、胎盤質(zhì)量(5.0±0.4)g均低于對照組的(40.5±2.5)、(5.6±0.5)g, 妊娠時間(27.5±1.4)d短于對照組的(30.4±1.7)d, 胎兔存活率54.4%低于對照組的100.0%, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。疾病組胎兔肝膽酸、胎心組織心肌三磷酸腺苷酸水平低于對照組, 胎心細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)高于對照組, 差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。疾病組胎兔SOD水平明顯低于對照組, MDA水平明顯高于對照組, 差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。疾病組孕兔天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酸、總膽汁酸、肝膽酸水平較高, 但是總膽固醇水平較低, 此外胎兔質(zhì)量、胎盤質(zhì)量較低, 不僅妊娠時間短, 存活率更極低。家兔疾病病理改變與人類較為相似, 且家兔具有易繁殖、一胎多產(chǎn)的特點(diǎn), 再加上胎兔大小較為合適, 在本次研究中選擇了新西蘭家兔。膽汁酸對體外培養(yǎng)的肝細(xì)胞、腸黏膜上皮細(xì)胞等有著濃度與時間依賴性細(xì)胞毒副作用, 膽汁酸有著氧自由基效果, 易于脂類多不飽脂肪酸中的雙鏈產(chǎn)生反應(yīng), 從而破壞了膜脂質(zhì), 產(chǎn)生氧化損傷, 引起線粒體功能障礙。在膽汁酸致細(xì)胞毒性作用中線粒體損傷有著重要作用。頸后皮下注射苯甲酸雌二醇可改善肝臟組織病理、胞質(zhì)內(nèi)膽汁樣物質(zhì)沉積, 可見雌激素可有效抑制肝細(xì)胞對膽汁酸的攝取, 與此同時膽汁酸的細(xì)胞毒性作用會破壞肝細(xì)胞, 釋放肝酶。

        綜上所述, 妊娠肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥胎兔心肌細(xì)胞有生成量障礙、氧化損傷、細(xì)胞凋亡現(xiàn)象, 頸后皮下注射苯甲酸雌二醇可改變疾病病理表現(xiàn), 由此證實(shí)雌激素可誘發(fā)膽汁淤積, 也是引起疾病主要因素。

        參考文獻(xiàn)

        [1] 陳天天. 妊娠期肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥膽汁酸對新生兒并發(fā)癥及預(yù)后的影響. 中國當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥, 2015(3):50-51, 54.

        [2] 鄭皓文. 妊娠期肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥發(fā)病機(jī)制的免疫學(xué)研究進(jìn)展. 國際醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生導(dǎo)報(bào), 2018, 24(24):3738-3741.

        [3] 唐亮. 妊娠期肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥患者脂質(zhì)代謝特征與膽汁酸代謝以及胎盤缺氧損傷的相關(guān)性研究. 海南醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào), 2017, 23(10):1362-1365.

        [4] 何一帆, 邵勇, 胥飚, 等. 血清膽汁酸代謝輪廓分析用于妊娠期肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥的早期診斷. 重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2018, 43(11):1458-1463.

        [5] 蔡朝霞. 妊娠期肝內(nèi)膽汁淤積癥患者總膽汁酸水平對母嬰結(jié)局的影響. 白求恩醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2015, 13(6):658-659.

        [收稿日期:2020-06-15]

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